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  本文選題：軸承球直徑測量 + 誤差分析�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代機械的高精尖進程,機械零件的精度要求也愈加苛刻,軸承作為機械的關(guān)鍵零件,也受到了各國科研人員的重視�？刂魄蜉S承中軸承球球徑的一致性對保證軸承的性能至關(guān)重要。普通人工測徑效率低下,為提高軸承球直徑測量精度及分組效率,本文研制了可對軸承球直徑自動精密測量并分組的儀器。 本文完成的研究內(nèi)容為:在現(xiàn)有樣機基礎(chǔ)上,提出新的測量定位方案并設(shè)計出相關(guān)的機械結(jié)構(gòu);對比出四種球定位方式的定位穩(wěn)定性,采用CCD激光位移傳感器,對軸承球進行被測球與標準球球徑差自動測量;利用二次開發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)讀取及運動控制軟件,對被測球按精度分組;同時,對測量部件進行誤差分析,分析系統(tǒng)誤差成因及數(shù)值大小,計算測量定位各部件引起的測量不定度;對系統(tǒng)誤差進行誤差補償,最終,校核總誤差。 通過以上的研究工作,提高了樣機的測量效率和重復測量精度: 測量效率方面,將測量方案由靜態(tài)測量改為動態(tài)測量,有效的提高了測量效率、減少了分組時間。測量速度從原有的0.5球/min提高到1球/min。 重復測量精度方面,高精度V型塊及高精度三維位移平臺的應用保證了定位精度,動態(tài)測量方式提高了測值的穩(wěn)定性。重復測量精度從2μm提高到了0.8μm。 本文在上料及分組部件兩部分均設(shè)計了可替換零部件,適用5mm-20mm范圍的軸承球的測量要求。同時,采取了一定的減振吸振措施,有效的降低了機械振動對測量精度的影響。 通過對聯(lián)機后的整機進行調(diào)試和實驗,測量精度及測量速度均達到了設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:With the advanced process of modern machinery, the precision requirements of mechanical parts become more and more stringent. Bearing, as the key part of machinery, has also been paid attention to by researchers all over the world. It is very important to control the consistency of ball diameter in ball bearing. In order to improve the measuring accuracy and grouping efficiency of bearing ball diameter, an instrument is developed for automatic precision measurement and grouping of bearing ball diameter. The contents of this paper are as follows: on the basis of the existing prototype, a new measuring and positioning scheme is put forward and the relative mechanical structure is designed, and the stability of the four spherical positioning methods is compared, and the CCD laser displacement sensor is used. The diameter difference between the measured ball and the standard ball is measured automatically, and the measured ball is grouped according to the precision by using the data reading and motion control software developed by the secondary development. At the same time, the error analysis of the measuring parts is carried out. The causes and numerical value of the system error are analyzed, the uncertainty caused by the measuring and positioning components is calculated, and the system error is compensated, finally, the total error is checked. Through the above research work, the measurement efficiency and repeated measurement accuracy of the prototype are improved. In the aspect of measurement efficiency, the measurement scheme is changed from static to dynamic measurement, which effectively improves the measuring efficiency and reduces the grouping time. The measuring speed increased from 0.5 ball / min to 1 / min. In the aspect of repeated measurement precision, the application of high-precision V-shaped block and high-precision three-dimensional displacement platform ensures the positioning accuracy, and the dynamic measurement method improves the stability of the measured value. The precision of repeated measurement is improved from 2 渭 m to 0.8 渭 m. In this paper, replaceable parts are designed in both feeding and grouping parts, which are suitable for the measurement of bearing ball in 5mm-20mm range. At the same time, some measures are taken to reduce the influence of mechanical vibration on measurement accuracy. Through the debugging and experiment of the whole machine, the measuring precision and the measuring speed are up to the design requirements.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH133.3;TG806

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