本文選題：旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯 + 比例方向閥�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著自動控制和機電一體化的發(fā)展，，電液比例控制技術(shù)得到迅速發(fā)展，特別是現(xiàn)在計算機技術(shù)水平高，制造工業(yè)發(fā)達，使得電液比例技術(shù)和元器件精度更是得到快速發(fā)展和迅猛的提高，使得電液比例技術(shù)應(yīng)用范圍更為廣泛。旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯是一種新型的深度救援設(shè)備，提高其控制系統(tǒng)性能、提高自動化程度和簡化操作程序都是非常重要和實用的。尤其是對于復(fù)雜的救援環(huán)境，使用電液比例控制將會具有重要的意義和很大的優(yōu)勢。不僅可以提高救援效率，提高設(shè)備動作精度，還可以降低對操作者的技能要求。提高了設(shè)備的靈活性、實用性和高效性。如果不提高救生梯的電液控制和自動化水平，在設(shè)備展開救援階段，將會有一套繁雜的順序控制流程。對操作者會有很高的技能要求，更重要的是會降低救援效率，如果忽略其中一個動作，將會對設(shè)備產(chǎn)生危險。 本文首先對旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯的結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析研究，從設(shè)計方案入手，逐步分析研究救生梯的機械結(jié)構(gòu)及運行原理，詳細(xì)介紹救生梯的核心機構(gòu)—載人鏈傳動機構(gòu)。從而得出將電液比例控制技術(shù)引入到旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯中，替代試驗機的電機控制方式，不僅避免了核心部件的高壓電引入，還可以降低動力部件的重量，并且很好的實現(xiàn)了運行速度的調(diào)節(jié)和控制，使救生梯更容易實現(xiàn)自動控制和性能提升。 接著利用電液比例控制技術(shù)，對旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯的液壓控制系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計改進。以控制原理為基礎(chǔ)，對救生梯電液控制系統(tǒng)及元件進行理論建模及公式推導(dǎo)。分析液壓組成元件在該系統(tǒng)中的穩(wěn)定性和動態(tài)特性，先后討論了救生梯的直控式比例方向閥和轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器的數(shù)學(xué)模型傳遞函數(shù)，討論閥控馬達子系統(tǒng)的傳遞函數(shù)和方塊圖。在此基礎(chǔ)上逐步建立整個旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯液壓控制系統(tǒng)并建立數(shù)學(xué)模型，之后引入救生梯液壓系統(tǒng)基本參數(shù)，利用matlab軟件中的simulink工具箱對其進行動態(tài)仿真和動態(tài)特性分析。實現(xiàn)救生梯液壓系統(tǒng)計算機仿真，實現(xiàn)救生梯運行速度的精確控制。 本文根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯整機性能，進行試驗驗證。其中包括運行速度、轉(zhuǎn)速控制和使用的舒適程度等幾項試驗。最后根據(jù)試驗分析，觀察分析旋轉(zhuǎn)式救生梯整機性能優(yōu)缺點及其電液控制系統(tǒng)的實用性和不足之處。
[Abstract]:With the development of automatic control and electromechanical integration, electro-hydraulic proportional control technology has been developed rapidly, especially with the high level of computer technology and the developed manufacturing industry. Because of the rapid development and rapid improvement of the electro-hydraulic proportional technology and the precision of the components, the electro-hydraulic proportional technology is more widely used. Rotary lifesaving ladder is a new type of deep rescue equipment. It is very important and practical to improve the performance of control system, improve automation and simplify the operation procedure. Especially for the complex rescue environment, the use of electro-hydraulic proportional control will have important significance and great advantages. It can not only improve the rescue efficiency, improve the precision of the equipment, but also reduce the skill requirement of the operator. It improves the flexibility, practicability and efficiency of the equipment. If the level of electrohydraulic control and automation is not improved, there will be a complicated sequence control process in the rescue phase of the equipment. There is a high skill requirement for the operator and, more importantly, a reduction in the rescue efficiency. If one of the actions is ignored, the equipment will be at risk. In this paper, the structure of the revolving life-saving ladder is analyzed and studied at first. The mechanical structure and operation principle of the life-saving ladder are analyzed and studied step by step from the design scheme. The core mechanism of the life-saving ladder, the human chain drive mechanism, is introduced in detail. It is concluded that the electro-hydraulic proportional control technology can be introduced into the rotary life-saving ladder instead of the motor control mode of the testing machine, which can not only avoid the introduction of high voltage core components, but also reduce the weight of the power components. And the speed of operation is adjusted and controlled well, which makes it easier to realize automatic control and improve the performance of lifesaving ladder. Then the hydraulic control system of the rotary life-saving ladder is improved by using the electro-hydraulic proportional control technology. Based on the control principle, the theoretical modeling and formula derivation of the electro-hydraulic control system and components of the lifesaving ladder are carried out. This paper analyzes the stability and dynamic characteristics of hydraulic components in the system, discusses the mathematical model transfer function of direct-controlled proportional directional valve and rotating speed sensor, and discusses the transfer function and block diagram of valve controlled motor subsystem. On the basis of this, the hydraulic control system of the whole rotary life-saving ladder is established step by step and the mathematical model is established. Then the basic parameters of the hydraulic system of the life-saving ladder are introduced, and the dynamic simulation and dynamic characteristic analysis are carried out by using the simulink toolbox in the matlab software. The computer simulation of the hydraulic system of the lifesaving ladder is realized, and the accurate control of the running speed of the lifesaving ladder is realized. According to the performance of rotary life-saving ladder, the test is carried out in this paper. These include several tests, such as speed, speed control, and comfort in use. Finally, according to the experimental analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the rotary life-saving ladder and the practicability and deficiency of the electro-hydraulic control system are observed and analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH-39

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