發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-18 17:21

  本文選題：汽車起重機(jī) + 液壓變幅系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽車起重機(jī)是一種廣泛應(yīng)用于建筑、道路、礦山等工程施工場(chǎng)所的工程機(jī)械,是工程起重機(jī)中最常用、最主要的機(jī)種。汽車起重機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)主要包括上車液壓系統(tǒng)和下車液壓系統(tǒng)兩大部分,其中上車液壓系統(tǒng)由回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)、起升系統(tǒng)、變幅系統(tǒng)、伸縮系統(tǒng)組成。目前國(guó)產(chǎn)起重機(jī)不同程度的存在在變幅下放時(shí)有沖擊和抖動(dòng)等問(wèn)題,通過(guò)增加吊臂剛度可以減小吊臂的抖動(dòng)幅度,但不能從根本上消除抖動(dòng)。 本課題以中聯(lián)重科QY25汽車起重機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,采用理論分析,計(jì)算機(jī)仿真與實(shí)車試驗(yàn)和試驗(yàn)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)分析相結(jié)合的方法,研究25t汽車起重機(jī)變幅下放存在的液壓沖擊及吊臂抖動(dòng)問(wèn)題,提高汽車起重機(jī)變幅系統(tǒng)的抗沖擊和微動(dòng)性能。本論文建立了汽車起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)核心元件的Amesim模型,結(jié)合多體動(dòng)力學(xué)模型復(fù)現(xiàn)了汽車起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)存在的問(wèn)題工況。在理論分析和仿真分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了對(duì)變幅液壓系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)方案,對(duì)核心液壓元件多路閥、平衡閥結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,并進(jìn)行實(shí)車試驗(yàn)。消除了變幅下放過(guò)程中的液壓沖擊和抖動(dòng)問(wèn)題,降低了系統(tǒng)壓力并改善了變幅系統(tǒng)的微動(dòng)性能及操控性。本課題研究工作對(duì)我國(guó)汽車起重機(jī)提高抗沖擊性能和多路閥、平衡閥的設(shè)計(jì)、開(kāi)發(fā)具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 本論文的主要內(nèi)容可分為6章,現(xiàn)分述如下： 第一章,闡述了汽車起重機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)組成、發(fā)展應(yīng)用和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,提出了課題的研究意義和課題的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容。 第二章,深入地分析了汽車起重機(jī)多路閥液壓系統(tǒng)及存在的問(wèn)題工況,重點(diǎn)針對(duì)多路閥的負(fù)載敏感、壓力補(bǔ)償、抗流量飽和和合流切換功能進(jìn)行了分析。 第三章,通過(guò)理論計(jì)分析并結(jié)合液壓仿真提出了消除變幅下放液壓沖擊和吊臂抖動(dòng)的改進(jìn)方案,對(duì)多路閥及平衡閥閥桿進(jìn)行改進(jìn),進(jìn)行實(shí)車試驗(yàn)并采集試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)提供依據(jù)。 第四章,針對(duì)改進(jìn)后的變幅系統(tǒng)下放系統(tǒng)壓力及背壓偏高的問(wèn)題提出了優(yōu)化方案,對(duì)平衡閥、多路閥進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化并上車試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明優(yōu)化方案降低了系統(tǒng)壓力及變幅背壓,提高了變幅系統(tǒng)性能。 第五章,搭建多路閥、平衡閥液壓試驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)優(yōu)化前后的核心元件進(jìn)行動(dòng)、靜態(tài)試驗(yàn)對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)后的平衡閥能有效消除平衡閥開(kāi)啟、關(guān)閉滯后。 第六章,概括了課題的主要研究工作和成果,并展望了今后需要進(jìn)一步研究的工作和方向。
[Abstract]:Truck crane is a kind of construction machinery which is widely used in construction, road, mine and other engineering construction sites. It is the most commonly used and main type of construction crane. The hydraulic system of truck crane mainly consists of two parts: the hydraulic system and the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is composed of rotary system, lifting system, amplitude changing system and telescopic system. At present, there are some problems such as shock and jitter when the amplitude of the crane is lowered. By increasing the stiffness of the boom, the jitter amplitude of the jib can be reduced, but the jitter can not be eliminated fundamentally. This subject takes the QY25 truck crane of Zhonglian heavy Branch as the research object, and adopts the method of theoretical analysis, computer simulation, real vehicle test and test bench test analysis. In order to improve the impact and fretting performance of a 25t truck crane, the hydraulic impact and jiggle of the jib are studied in order to improve the anti-impact and fretting performance of the luffing system of a 25t truck crane. In this paper, the Amesim model of the core components of the hydraulic system of truck crane is established, and the problems existing in the hydraulic system of the truck crane are reappeared in combination with the multi-body dynamics model. On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, an improved scheme of amplitude varying hydraulic system is put forward. The structure of multi-way valve and balance valve of the core hydraulic component is optimized, and the actual vehicle test is carried out. The problems of hydraulic impact and jitter are eliminated, the pressure of the system is reduced and the fretting performance and maneuverability of the system are improved. The research work of this paper is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value for improving the anti-shock performance and the design and development of multi-way valve and balance valve for Chinese truck crane. The main contents of this paper can be divided into six chapters. The main contents are as follows: chapter one, the composition of hydraulic system of truck crane, its development and application, and the current research situation at home and abroad. The significance of the research and the main contents of the research are put forward. In the second chapter, the hydraulic system of multi-way valve of truck crane and its existing problems are deeply analyzed, and the functions of load sensitivity, pressure compensation, anti-flow saturation and combined flow switching of multi-way valve are analyzed. In the third chapter, through theoretical analysis and combined with hydraulic simulation, an improved scheme is put forward to eliminate the hydraulic impact and jiggle of the jiggle arm. The multi-way valve and the valve stem of the balance valve are improved, and the actual vehicle test is carried out and the test data are collected. To provide the basis for further optimization of the system. In the fourth chapter, aiming at the problem of high pressure and back pressure of the improved amplitude shift system, the optimization scheme is put forward. The balance valve and multi-way valve are further optimized and tested on the bus. The experimental results show that the optimized scheme reduces the system pressure and amplitude back pressure, and improves the performance of the amplitude change system. In chapter 5, the hydraulic test bench of multi-way valve and balance valve is built, and the dynamic and static test results of the core components before and after optimization are compared. The results show that the improved balance valve can effectively eliminate the balance valve opening and closing lag. In the sixth chapter, the main research work and achievements are summarized, and the future research work and direction are prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.6

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本文編號(hào)：2036289