本文選題：風電起重維修平臺 + 夾緊機構(gòu)　； 參考：《沈陽建筑大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在兆瓦級風機成為商業(yè)化機組主流的全球環(huán)境下,隨著國內(nèi)風電裝機需求的增長,我國的風力發(fā)電行業(yè)在不斷地迅速發(fā)展,對風力發(fā)電機日常維修的需求日益強烈,現(xiàn)有的維修方法僅局限于大型起重機械的吊裝,無論是在環(huán)境效益還是經(jīng)濟效益上都是不理想的,同時還存在施工周期長,施工程度復雜化,安全水平低,甚至根本得不到保障等問題。因此研制安全系數(shù)高、施工便捷、適應性強的新型維修設備是大型風力發(fā)電機維修工程所必需的。 在ANSYS中建立了風電起重維修平臺吊臂的有限元模型,利用優(yōu)化原理中的一階優(yōu)化方法(梯度法),以基本臂的高度、寬度、壁厚、第一節(jié)吊臂的壁厚以及第二節(jié)吊臂的壁厚為設計變量,以吊臂的剛度與強度為狀態(tài)變量,并以吊臂的總體積為優(yōu)化目標對吊臂進行優(yōu)化,然后又對優(yōu)化圓整后的的吊臂進行了靜力學分析及屈曲分析,驗證了吊臂的剛度與強度要求以及在額定起重量的情況下不會發(fā)生失穩(wěn)。之后又完成了托盤部件的設計與有限元分析、回轉(zhuǎn)支撐的選取、底架及夾緊機構(gòu)的設計,并對底架與夾緊機構(gòu)分多種工況進行了有限元受力分析,完成了風電起重維修平臺主要結(jié)構(gòu)的設計。 對風電起重維修平臺整體進行靜力學有限元分析,計算了風電起重平臺在三種典型工況下的強度與剛度,并通過位移云圖、應力云圖和結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)的分析,得出風電起重維修平臺的機構(gòu)均滿足剛度與強度的要求,掌握了風電起重維修平臺在三種典型工況下的變形形式、大小及應力分布規(guī)律。除此之外,還分析了風電起重維修平臺對風力發(fā)電機塔筒的影響,最終確定本文所設計的風電起重維修平臺能夠用于對風力發(fā)電機機艙內(nèi)的零部件的吊裝更換。 在靜力學分析的基礎上對風電起重維修平臺進行了模態(tài)分析,提取了前10階的固有振動頻率和前10階的模態(tài)振型圖,與提升機給予的外部頻率進行對比分析,避免在實際工作中發(fā)生共振的可能性。 對風電起重維修平臺在工作時分為重物離開地面的瞬間、重物上升停止瞬間、重物開始下降瞬間與重物下降接觸地的瞬間四種瞬時工況對風電起重維修平臺進行了瞬態(tài)動力學分析,通過分析得出在每種瞬時工況下吊臂吊點處的位移響應曲線、速度響應曲線與加速度響應曲線,掌握了吊臂在以上四種工況下吊臂吊點的瞬態(tài)運動情況,這有利于操作人員更好的操縱風電起重維修平臺。
[Abstract]:In the global environment where megawatt fans become the mainstream of commercial units, with the growth of domestic wind turbine demand, the wind power industry in China is developing rapidly, and the demand for daily maintenance of wind turbines is increasingly strong. The existing maintenance methods are only limited to the hoisting of large lifting machinery, which are not ideal in terms of both environmental and economic benefits. At the same time, there are also long construction cycles, complicated construction degree and low safety level. There is no guarantee at all. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new maintenance equipment with high safety factor, convenient construction and strong adaptability. In ANSYS, the finite element model of the lifting platform boom of wind power is established, and the first order optimization method (gradient method) is used in the optimization principle, which is based on the height, width, wall thickness of the basic arm. In the first section, the wall thickness of the boom and the wall thickness of the second section are taken as the design variables, the stiffness and strength of the boom are taken as the state variables, and the total volume of the boom is taken as the optimization objective to optimize the boom. Then static analysis and buckling analysis of the optimized circular boom are carried out to verify the stiffness and strength requirements of the boom and the stability will not occur in the case of rated lifting weight. After that, the design and finite element analysis of pallet parts, the selection of rotary support, the design of underframe and clamping mechanism are completed, and the finite element force analysis of the underframe and clamping mechanism is carried out in a variety of working conditions. The main structure design of wind power crane maintenance platform is completed. The static finite element analysis of the whole maintenance platform of wind power crane is carried out, and the strength and stiffness of the platform under three typical working conditions are calculated, and through the analysis of displacement cloud diagram, stress cloud diagram and result data, It is concluded that the mechanism of wind power crane maintenance platform meets the requirements of stiffness and strength, and the deformation form, size and stress distribution of wind power crane maintenance platform under three typical working conditions are grasped. In addition, the influence of the wind-lift maintenance platform on the tower and tube of wind turbine is analyzed. Finally, it is determined that the wind-lift maintenance platform designed in this paper can be used to hoist and replace the components in the wind-generator engine room. On the basis of static analysis, the modal analysis of wind power crane maintenance platform is carried out, and the natural vibration frequency of the first 10 steps and the modal mode diagram of the first 10 steps are extracted and compared with the external frequency given by the hoist. Avoid the possibility of resonance in practice. The lifting maintenance platform for wind power plants is divided into two parts: the moment when the heavy object leaves the ground, and the moment when the heavy object rises and stops, In this paper, the instantaneous dynamic analysis of the crane maintenance platform of wind power is carried out under four instantaneous working conditions of the moment when the heavy object starts to descend and contacts with the heavy object. The displacement response curve of the lifting point of the crane is obtained by analyzing the dynamic response curve of the lifting point of the crane under each instantaneous working condition. The velocity response curve and the acceleration response curve have grasped the transient movement of the lifting point of the boom under the above four working conditions, which is helpful for the operator to better control the maintenance platform of the wind power crane.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH17

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