本文選題：門(mén)式起重機(jī) + 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),門(mén)式起重機(jī)由于其場(chǎng)地利用率高和通用性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)進(jìn)程中扮演著越來(lái)越重要的角色。而門(mén)式起重機(jī)橋架結(jié)構(gòu)重量約占整機(jī)自重的60%,因此,如何降低門(mén)式起重機(jī)橋架結(jié)構(gòu)的自重成為越來(lái)越多人關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。本文以某L型單梁門(mén)式起重機(jī)為例,利用傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算方法和有限元法對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。另一方面,門(mén)式起重機(jī)主梁腹板的局部穩(wěn)定性是影響整機(jī)性能的重要指標(biāo),因此,本文利用有限元法對(duì)局部載荷作用下的主梁腹板進(jìn)行了屈曲分析。 本文首先從該門(mén)式起重機(jī)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的基本參數(shù)出發(fā),根據(jù)該門(mén)機(jī)的工作特點(diǎn)分析計(jì)算了不同工況下的受力情況,按門(mén)式起重機(jī)的傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法計(jì)算了該門(mén)機(jī)各結(jié)構(gòu)的性能指標(biāo),并采用Matlab編寫(xiě)該門(mén)機(jī)各性能指標(biāo)的計(jì)算程序。根據(jù)該門(mén)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,選取各構(gòu)件的截面參數(shù)為設(shè)計(jì)變量,以該門(mén)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)自重最輕為目標(biāo),以各結(jié)構(gòu)的性能指標(biāo)為約束條件,建立了該門(mén)機(jī)的優(yōu)化模型。借助iSIGHT軟件優(yōu)化平臺(tái),集成Matlab編寫(xiě)地計(jì)算程序,采用多島遺傳算法對(duì)該門(mén)機(jī)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),在滿足各約束條件的同時(shí)取得了較好的優(yōu)化結(jié)果。其次,利用APDL語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)了該門(mén)機(jī)的有限元優(yōu)化模型,為了提高優(yōu)化效率,利用響應(yīng)面法建立了該門(mén)機(jī)有限元優(yōu)化模型的近似模型,并將其與(?)SIGHT進(jìn)行集成優(yōu)化。最后,將傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算方法和有限元優(yōu)化計(jì)算方法的優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,分析比較了不同方法的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)劣性,為門(mén)式起重機(jī)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考。 考慮到門(mén)式起重機(jī)主梁腹板局部穩(wěn)定性對(duì)整機(jī)性能的影響,采用有限元法對(duì)局部載荷作用下的主梁腹板進(jìn)行了屈曲分析。首先對(duì)門(mén)式起重機(jī)主梁腹板進(jìn)行特征值屈曲分析,著重考慮了腹板厚度和翼緣板厚度對(duì)主梁腹板臨界載荷的影響。然后對(duì)主梁腹板進(jìn)行了非線性屈曲分析,得出了不同初始缺陷的主梁腹板的載荷-位移曲線。最后將不同計(jì)算方法得出的局部載荷作用下主梁腹板局部穩(wěn)定臨界載荷進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 本文為門(mén)式起重機(jī)的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和有限元優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算提供了參考,并得出了不同優(yōu)化方法的優(yōu)劣,具有重要的理論價(jià)值和工程意義。對(duì)門(mén)式起重機(jī)主梁腹板進(jìn)行屈曲分析,找出了局部載荷作用下影響主梁腹板局部穩(wěn)定性的重要因素。
[Abstract]:In recent years, gantry cranes play a more and more important role in the process of modern industry because of their high site utilization ratio and strong versatility. The weight of gantry crane bridge structure is about 60% of the whole machine weight. Therefore, how to reduce the weight of gantry crane bridge structure has become the focus of more and more people. In this paper, an L type single girder gantry crane is taken as an example, its structural system is optimized by traditional design calculation method and finite element method. On the other hand, the local stability of portal crane's main girder web is an important index to affect the performance of the whole machine. In this paper, the finite element method is used to analyze the buckling of the main girder web under local load. Firstly, the basic parameters of the metal structure system of the gantry crane are discussed in this paper. According to the working characteristics of the portal crane, the stress situation under different working conditions is analyzed and calculated. The performance indexes of each structure of the portal crane are calculated according to the traditional design method of the gantry crane, and the calculation program of each performance index of the portal crane is compiled by Matlab. According to the structural form of the portal crane, the cross-section parameters of each member are selected as the design variables, the minimum weight of the portal crane is taken as the objective, and the performance index of each structure is taken as the constraint condition, and the optimization model of the portal crane is established. With the aid of iSIGHT software optimization platform, the optimization design of the portal crane is carried out by using multi-island genetic algorithm and integrated with the calculation program written by Matlab. The optimum results are obtained at the same time as each constraint condition is satisfied. Secondly, the finite element optimization model of the door crane is compiled by APDL language. In order to improve the optimization efficiency, the approximate model of the gate crane finite element optimization model is established by using the response surface method, and the model is integrated with SIGHT for optimization. Finally, the optimization results of traditional optimization design method and finite element optimization method are compared, and the characteristics and advantages of different methods are analyzed and compared. This paper provides a reference for the optimization design of gantry crane. Considering the influence of the local stability of the web plate of the main girder of the gantry crane on the performance of the whole machine, the buckling analysis of the web plate of the main girder under local load is carried out by using the finite element method. Firstly, the eigenvalue buckling analysis of portal crane main girder web is carried out, and the influence of web thickness and flange plate thickness on the critical load of main girder web is considered. Then the nonlinear buckling analysis of the main beam web is carried out and the load-displacement curve of the main beam web with different initial defects is obtained. Finally, the critical load of local stability of the main girder web under the action of local load obtained by different calculation methods is compared. This paper provides a reference for the traditional optimization design calculation and finite element optimization design calculation of gantry crane. The advantages and disadvantages of different optimization methods are obtained, which have important theoretical value and engineering significance. The buckling analysis of the web of the main girder of gantry crane is carried out, and the important factors influencing the local stability of the web of the main girder under local load are found out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH213.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊曉鷗;拱架對(duì)門(mén)式起重機(jī)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)受力影響研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2002571