本文選題：管道振動 + 氣流脈動��； 參考：《北京化工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：往復式壓縮機是‘種重要的流體輸送設(shè)備,廣泛應(yīng)用于化工、核能、海洋工程、交通運輸?shù)葒抑еa(chǎn)業(yè)。在運行過程中,活塞周期性的吸氣、排氣,使流體產(chǎn)生脈動壓力,管道受流體撞擊后極易發(fā)生振動,影響到裝置的正常運行。此外,流體振動系統(tǒng)與管道結(jié)構(gòu)振動系統(tǒng)均具有自身固有頻率,當壓縮機激振力頻率與二者之一相同或相近時會發(fā)生共振,對生產(chǎn)安全造成嚴重威脅。因此,控制壓縮機管線的振動,尤其是對避免共振問題的研究,具有十分重要的意義。本論文對兩個振動系統(tǒng)的固有頻率進行了理論推導,并利用有限元軟件對復雜管系的氣柱固有頻率、壓力脈動及機械固有頻率進行了計算。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)闡述了氣流壓力脈動、氣柱固有頻率與共振管長的計算公式,以及有限元方法在計算流體壓力脈動中的應(yīng)用。利用PULS軟件建立復雜管系氣柱模型,并進行了相應(yīng)的模態(tài)分析與氣流脈動分析,計算出低階情況下氣柱的固有頻率與壓力脈動值。 (2)對管系機械結(jié)構(gòu)固有頻率的理論計算進行了簡單推導,應(yīng)用管道應(yīng)力分析專用軟件CAESAR Ⅱ建立復雜管系模型,并進行了靜力及動力分析,計算得出管系應(yīng)力分布及低階固有頻率值,將其與壓縮機激振力頻率及相同模型的氣柱固有頻率進行了比較,提出了避免共振發(fā)生的方法。 (3)應(yīng)用ANSYS軟件對單一管道支架進行分析,將托板與管道的接觸方式簡化為筋板支撐、接觸對、整體簡化處理三種方式,并對三種簡化方式的計算結(jié)果進行了對比;對帶有支管及支撐筋板的大直徑管道進行了應(yīng)力分析,比較得出支撐筋板對振動位移的控制作用；總結(jié)了壓縮機管道控制的常用方法。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressor is an important fluid transportation equipment, widely used in chemical industry, nuclear energy, marine engineering, transportation and other national pillar industries. In the process of operation, the piston periodically inhale and exhaust, which makes the fluid produce pulsating pressure, the pipeline is easy to vibrate after being hit by the fluid, which affects the normal operation of the device. In addition, both the fluid vibration system and the pipeline structure vibration system have their own natural frequencies. When the frequency of the exciting force of the compressor is the same or close to one of them, resonance will occur, which will pose a serious threat to the safety of production. Therefore, it is of great significance to control the vibration of compressor pipeline, especially to avoid resonance. In this paper, the natural frequencies of two vibration systems are derived theoretically, and the natural frequencies of gas column, pressure pulsation and mechanical natural frequencies of complex pipe system are calculated by finite element software. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the formulas for calculating the flow pressure pulsation, the natural frequency of the gas column and the length of the resonance tube, and the application of the finite element method in the calculation of the pressure fluctuation of the fluid are described. The gas column model of complex pipe system is established by using PULS software, and the corresponding modal analysis and flow pulsation analysis are carried out, and the natural frequency and pressure fluctuation value of the gas column under low order condition are calculated. (2) the theoretical calculation of the natural frequency of the mechanical structure of the pipe system is simply deduced, and the model of the complex pipe system is established by using the special software CAESAR 鈪，

本文編號：1986250