本文選題：多級(jí)離心泵 + 振動(dòng)　； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：設(shè)備的低噪聲設(shè)計(jì)是解決設(shè)備振動(dòng)問題的最根本方法，振源特性分析和振動(dòng)響應(yīng)預(yù)估是低噪聲設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械是最常用的機(jī)電設(shè)備之一，發(fā)展其低噪聲設(shè)計(jì)水平具有重要價(jià)值。 論文針對(duì)本學(xué)院教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室振動(dòng)過大的多級(jí)離心泵機(jī)組，在載荷識(shí)別基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了振源特性深入分析，，提出了振動(dòng)控制措施。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1、對(duì)機(jī)組轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)、定子系統(tǒng)和支撐系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析，初步分析了振動(dòng)響應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的原因，發(fā)現(xiàn)各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)在不同頻段都存在局部模態(tài)共振。 2、建立了機(jī)組有限元模型，利用實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ万?yàn)證了其準(zhǔn)確性；計(jì)算了條件數(shù)并選擇了參與識(shí)別的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)測(cè)點(diǎn)，將各種振源等效為軸承點(diǎn)集中載荷，應(yīng)用頻響函數(shù)求逆法進(jìn)行了機(jī)組載荷識(shí)別。根據(jù)載荷識(shí)別結(jié)果，再次分析了振動(dòng)響應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的原因，發(fā)現(xiàn)中頻段的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)產(chǎn)生原因是振源幅值較大。 3、進(jìn)行了泵整機(jī)流場(chǎng)在設(shè)計(jì)工況下的三維穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)值計(jì)算，得到了每一級(jí)流場(chǎng)中間截面的靜壓、動(dòng)壓、速度和跡線的分布規(guī)律，揭示了泵內(nèi)的流動(dòng)特征；在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了三維非穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)值計(jì)算，得到了葉輪流道和蝸舌區(qū)的壓力脈動(dòng)特性，揭示了泵內(nèi)的非穩(wěn)態(tài)特征；計(jì)算了驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)電磁激振力的頻率及幅值。振源特性分析結(jié)果表明：流體激勵(lì)為低、中頻段連續(xù)譜，電磁激勵(lì)為中頻段單線譜。 4、在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上，詳細(xì)分析了振動(dòng)響應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的原因，提出了振動(dòng)控制方案；依次進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化和振源優(yōu)化并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，改進(jìn)后的機(jī)組振動(dòng)加速度取得了降低到原機(jī)組35%的效果。 論文綜合運(yùn)用模態(tài)分析、載荷識(shí)別、振源特性分析和振動(dòng)控制，初步歸納出振動(dòng)過大的機(jī)電設(shè)備進(jìn)行改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)的流程，為機(jī)電設(shè)備的低噪聲設(shè)計(jì)提供了有益的參考。
[Abstract]:The design of low noise is the most fundamental method to solve the vibration problem of equipment. The analysis of vibration source characteristics and the prediction of vibration response are the key technologies of low noise design. Rotating machinery is one of the most commonly used mechanical and electrical equipment. It is of great value to develop its low noise design level. Aiming at the multistage centrifugal pump unit with excessive vibration in the teaching laboratory of our college, the vibration source characteristics are deeply analyzed on the basis of load identification, and the vibration control measures are put forward. The main contents of the study are as follows: 1. The modal analysis of rotor system, stator system and support system is carried out, and the causes of vibration response are analyzed preliminarily. It is found that local modal resonance exists in different frequency bands of each subsystem. 2. The finite element model of the unit is established, the accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental model, the condition number is calculated, and the vibration response measuring points participating in the identification are selected, and the various vibration sources are equivalent to the concentrated load of the bearing point. The method of inverse frequency response function is used to identify the load of the unit. According to the result of load identification, the causes of vibration response are analyzed again, and it is found that the amplitude of vibration source is larger than that of medium frequency band. 3. The three dimensional steady state numerical calculation of the flow field of the pump is carried out under the design condition. The distribution of static pressure, dynamic pressure, velocity and trace line in the middle section of each stage flow field is obtained, and the flow characteristics in the pump are revealed. On the basis of this, the pressure pulsation characteristics of impeller flow channel and cochlear tongue region are obtained, the unsteady characteristics in pump are revealed, and the frequency and amplitude of electromagnetic excitation force of driving motor are calculated. The results of vibration source analysis show that the fluid excitation is low, the medium frequency continuous spectrum is low, and the electromagnetic excitation is a single line spectrum in the middle frequency band. 4. On the basis of the above analysis, the causes of vibration response are analyzed in detail, and the vibration control scheme is put forward, and the structural optimization and vibration source optimization are carried out in turn and verified by experiments. The vibration acceleration of the improved unit is reduced to 35% of the original unit. The paper synthetically uses modal analysis, load identification, vibration source characteristic analysis and vibration control, and preliminarily induces the process of improving the design of electromechanical equipment with excessive vibration, which provides a useful reference for the low noise design of electromechanical equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

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本文編號(hào)：1955124