本文選題：TRIZ + 人機工程學(xué)��； 參考：《山東建筑大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：塔式起重機是建筑施工過程中不可或缺的機械設(shè)備之一,隨著建筑面積大幅上升利施工規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,塔式起重機的使用數(shù)量逐漸增加。由于塔式起重機的工作過程是一個人機交互的過程,需要人性化的設(shè)計和產(chǎn)品,因此,進(jìn)行塔式起重機的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計對整個行業(yè)的發(fā)展具有非常重要的意義。以有效解決塔式起重機人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中所遇到技術(shù)難題和所在的設(shè)計缺陷為最終目的,將發(fā)明問題解決理論(TRIZ)融入到產(chǎn)品的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中,構(gòu)建了基于TRIZ的產(chǎn)品人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計過程模型,并將其中的技術(shù)沖突模型、物理沖突模型及物-場模型等工具應(yīng)用到塔式起重機的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中，解決了所遇到的技術(shù)難題,得到了滿足人機工程學(xué)要求的改進(jìn)方案。 首先,將TRIZ技術(shù)沖突工具應(yīng)用到塔式起重機司機室的環(huán)境條件、視野和運行方式的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中,解決了塔式起重機司機室適應(yīng)性、多用性和自動化程度與外形尺寸和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性間的技術(shù)沖突問題,獲得了滿足人機工程學(xué)要求的改進(jìn)方案。根據(jù)不同環(huán)境條件將司機室做成敞開式司機室和封閉式司機室,并將司機室的視野應(yīng)用虛擬現(xiàn)實的手法在司機面前表現(xiàn)出來,而司機室的運行方式為升降電梯式司機室。 其次,將TRIZ物理沖突工具應(yīng)用到塔式起重機座椅的尺寸、結(jié)構(gòu)、振動舒適性和空間位置的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中,解決了塔式起重機座椅尺寸、坐姿、椅面、材料、靠背、空間位置間的物理沖突問題,獲得了滿足人機工程學(xué)要求的改進(jìn)方案。對座椅的椅面高度、寬度、深度、椅面傾角、靠背的高度、寬度利傾角進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)計；根據(jù)人機工程學(xué)操縱裝置空間尺寸的要求,將塔式起重機司機室內(nèi)的座椅利聯(lián)動控制臺依據(jù)最佳尺寸進(jìn)行設(shè)計。 最后,將TRIZ物-場模型工具應(yīng)用到塔式起重機司機室聯(lián)動控制臺的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計中,對塔式起重機司機室聯(lián)動控制臺操縱手柄的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計過程中所遇到的手握舒適性差,用力不方便,極易打滑,動作不容易控制,并且較難滿足人機工程學(xué)要求等物-場問題進(jìn)行了解決,并獲得滿足人機工程學(xué)要求的三種改進(jìn)方案。 以TRIZ為理論基礎(chǔ),解決了塔式起重機司機室的環(huán)境條件及視野和運行方式,及司機室座椅的尺寸、結(jié)構(gòu)、振動舒適性和空間位置,以及司機室聯(lián)動控制臺操縱手柄的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計過程中所遇到的技術(shù)難題,并獲得滿足人機工程學(xué)要求的改進(jìn)方案,對塔式起重機的人機工程學(xué)設(shè)計具有較高的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Tower crane is one of the indispensable mechanical equipment in the process of building construction. With the increasing of construction area and the continuous expansion of construction scale, the use of tower crane is increasing gradually. As the working process of tower crane is a human-computer interaction process, it needs humanized design and product. Therefore, the ergonomics design of tower crane is of great significance to the development of the whole industry. In order to effectively solve the technical problems and design defects encountered in ergonomics design of tower cranes, the invention problem solving theory (TRIZ) is integrated into the ergonomics design of products. The product ergonomics design process model based on TRIZ is constructed, and the technology conflict model, physical conflict model and material-field model are applied to the ergonomics design of tower crane. The technical problems are solved, and the improvement scheme to meet the requirements of ergonomics is obtained. Firstly, the TRIZ technology conflict tool is applied to the ergonomics design of tower crane driver room, which solves the adaptability of tower crane driver room. Due to the technical conflict between multipurpose and automation degree, shape size and structural complexity, an improved scheme to meet the requirements of ergonomics is obtained. According to different environmental conditions, the driver's room is made into an open driver's room and a closed driver's room, and the visual field of the driver's room is displayed in front of the driver by virtual reality, while the driver's room operates in the elevator driver's room. Secondly, the TRIZ physical conflict tool is applied to the ergonomics design of the size, structure, vibration comfort and space position of the tower crane seat, which solves the problem of the tower crane seat size, sitting posture, chair surface, material, backrest, etc. An improved scheme to meet the requirements of ergonomics is obtained for the physical conflict between space positions. The height, width, depth, angle of chair surface, height of backrest and width angle of chair are designed according to the requirements of space size of ergonomics manipulators. According to the optimum size, the seat and profit control console of tower crane driver's room is designed. Finally, the TRIZ material-field model tool is applied to the ergonomics design of the chauffeur console of tower crane. In the course of ergonomics design of the manipulating handle of the chauffeur console of tower crane, the hand grip is poor, the force is inconvenient, it is easy to slip, and the movement is not easy to control. And it is difficult to meet the ergonomics requirements and other material-field problems are solved, and three improvement schemes are obtained to meet the ergonomics requirements. Based on the theory of TRIZ, the environmental conditions, visual field and operation mode of the driver's room of tower crane are solved, and the size, structure, vibration comfort and space position of the driver's room seat are also solved. And the technical problems encountered in the ergonomics design of the operator handle of the chauffeur console, and the improvement scheme to meet the requirements of ergonomics is obtained, which has a high reference value for the ergonomics design of the tower crane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH213.3

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本文編號：1949216