本文選題：滑移裝載機 + 行走系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《吉林大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，伴隨著許多工業(yè)部門和技術領域對高響應、高精度和高功率液壓系統(tǒng)的需求不斷擴大，促使液壓驅動技術日趨成熟完善，在以滑移裝載機為代表的小型工程機械領域中，已普遍采用靜液壓傳動技術。閉式行走系統(tǒng)作為滑移裝載機的核心液壓系統(tǒng)之一，其動態(tài)品質對整機工作的操縱性、可靠性和安全性都有著重要影響，因此，如何實現(xiàn)滑移裝載機響應迅速、控制精確、工作平穩(wěn)是研究滑移裝載機行走系統(tǒng)的關鍵所在。 但目前國內滑移裝載機生產企業(yè)對行走系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性的研究依然處于起步階段，多數(shù)仍采用傳統(tǒng)的方法設計系統(tǒng)，即以完成執(zhí)行機構動作循環(huán)和滿足系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)性能要求作為設計目標，這種以靜態(tài)計算為主的設計方法，容易使系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定的工作狀態(tài)，導致發(fā)動機熄火等現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。 本文結合校企合作項目“裝載機液壓系統(tǒng)及傳動系統(tǒng)動態(tài)仿真分析及對比測試研究”，對廣泛應用于滑移裝載機中的閉式行走系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性開展研究，以傳遞函數(shù)法推導獲得的數(shù)學模型為理論基礎，依托AMESim(Advanced ModelingEnvironment for Simulation of engineering systems)仿真軟件作為動態(tài)分析平臺，結合實驗驗證的研究思路，使理論、仿真、實驗三者形成相互驗證指導關系，進而分析說明影響閉式行走系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性的主要因素。綜合全文研究工作，主要包括如下幾個方面： (1)基于對泵控馬達及閉式系統(tǒng)回路特點的分析，詳細闡述了滑移裝載機行走系統(tǒng)的工作原理。以整機因功率匹配不合理而導致的熄火問題作為切入點，從理論上論述了補油系統(tǒng)與DA控制策略等相關解決方法的技術原理。 (2)在建立變量泵伺服反饋機構及閉式系統(tǒng)回路數(shù)學模型基礎上，基于閉式行走系統(tǒng)工作原理，推導獲得系統(tǒng)的總體傳遞函數(shù)框圖，通過對影響行走系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性結構參數(shù)的定性分析可知：降低變量泵伺服控制滑閥閥芯流量增益、壓力流量變化系數(shù)，增加其對中彈簧剛度有利于提高系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定性；增加油液體積彈性模量、降低變量泵排量梯度及DA閥節(jié)流孔直徑有利于提高系統(tǒng)響應特性。 (3)依托AMESim仿真軟件平臺，建立了具有位置伺服反饋作用的變量泵、具有調速輸出特性的發(fā)動機、具有轉速傳感器功能的DA控制閥以及滑移裝載機行走系統(tǒng)的總體仿真模型。通過對元件參數(shù)的批處理仿真，明確了變量泵伺服控制機構、動態(tài)負載及主回路油液對系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性的影響，驗證了理論分析的正確性。并針對滑移裝載機幾種典型工況，將仿真曲線與實驗曲線進行數(shù)據(jù)比對，驗證了仿真模型的準確性，并為后續(xù)性能優(yōu)化方案提供參考評估。 (4)制定了滑移裝載機行走系統(tǒng)動態(tài)性能實驗測試方案，，分別對變量泵伺服控制信號、變量泵排量以及整機載荷等因素進行測試，實驗結果驗證了相關理論分析的正確性。并針對滑移裝載機存在的熄火問題，提出采用DA控制策略對系統(tǒng)進行改進。實驗測試表明采用該優(yōu)化方案后，行走系統(tǒng)可有效避免熄火現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生，保證系統(tǒng)工作的穩(wěn)定可靠性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the high response of many industrial sectors and technical fields, the demand for high precision and high power hydraulic systems is expanding, and the hydraulic driving technology is becoming more and more mature. In the field of small engineering machinery represented by sliding loaders, the static hydraulic pressure transmission technology has been widely used. The closed walking system is used as sliding loading. One of the core hydraulic systems of the machine, its dynamic quality has an important influence on the maneuverability, reliability and safety of the whole machine. Therefore, how to realize the quick response, precise control and smooth work of the sliding loader is the key to the study of the walking system of the sliding loader.
However, at present, the research on the dynamic characteristics of the walking system is still in the beginning stage in the domestic skid loader production enterprises. Most still use the traditional method to design the system, that is to complete the execution cycle of the executive mechanism and meet the static performance requirements of the system as the design goal. This design method, based on static computing, is easy to make the system appear. The unstable working state causes the engine to stall.
This paper combines the dynamic simulation analysis and comparative test of the hydraulic system and transmission system of the school enterprise cooperation project, and studies the dynamic characteristics of the closed walking system widely used in the sliding loader. The mathematical model derived from the transfer function method is the basis for the study, and the AMESim (Advanced ModelingEnvironment fo) is supported by the transfer function method. R Simulation of Engineering Systems) simulation software, as a dynamic analysis platform, combined with the research ideas of experimental verification, makes the theory, simulation and experiment three to form mutual verification guidance relations, and then analyzes the main factors that affect the dynamic characteristics of the closed walking system. The comprehensive full text research work mainly includes the following aspects:
(1) based on the analysis of the characteristics of the pump control motor and the closed system circuit, the working principle of the sliding loader's walking system is elaborated in detail. The technical principle of the related solutions, such as the oil filling system and the DA control strategy, is discussed in theory, based on the problem of the flameout caused by the unreasonable power matching.
(2) on the basis of the mathematical model of the variable pump servo feedback mechanism and the closed system loop, based on the working principle of the closed walking system, the overall transfer function block diagram of the system is derived. Through the qualitative analysis of the structural parameters affecting the dynamic characteristics of the walking system, the flow gain and pressure of the lower variable pump servo control valve valve spool valve core are obtained. The coefficient of flow change, increasing the stiffness of the medium spring is beneficial to improving the stability of the system, increasing the elastic modulus of the fluid, reducing the displacement gradient of the variable pump and the diameter of the throttle hole of the DA valve, is beneficial to improving the response characteristic of the system.
(3) relying on the AMESim simulation software platform, a variable pump with position servo feedback is established, the engine with the characteristic of speed regulation output, the DA control valve with the function of the speed sensor and the overall simulation model of the walking system of the sliding loader. The servo control mechanism of the variable pump is clearly defined by the batch simulation of the parameters of the component. The effect of the state load and the oil liquid on the main circuit on the dynamic characteristics of the system verified the correctness of the theoretical analysis, and compared the simulation curves with the experimental curves to verify the accuracy of the simulation model and provide a reference evaluation for the follow-up performance optimization case.
(4) the dynamic performance test scheme of the sliding loader's walking system is set up, and the factors such as the variable pump servo control signal, the variable pump displacement and the whole machine load are tested respectively. The experimental results verify the correctness of the related theoretical analysis. The DA control strategy is proposed to the system for the existence of the sliding loader. The experimental results show that after adopting the optimization scheme, the walking system can effectively avoid the occurrence of flameout and ensure the stability and reliability of the system.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH243

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 陳晉市;滑移裝載機行走系統(tǒng)研究[D];吉林大學;2012年

本文編號：1931087