本文選題：電主軸 + 陶瓷球軸承�。� 參考：《河南科技大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：電主軸是數(shù)控機床的核心功能部件,具有結構緊湊、重量輕、慣性小、振動小、響應快等優(yōu)點。軸承是實現(xiàn)電主軸高速化和精密化的關鍵部件,其性能直接影響電主軸的轉速、剛度、振動、工作溫度等,進而影響機床的加工精度和穩(wěn)定性。陶瓷球軸承具有轉速高、溫升低、不導電、不導磁等特點,將其用于高速電主軸可顯著提高電主軸的轉速、剛度和壽命。 本論文根據(jù)電主軸陶瓷球軸承的實際工況和運轉特點,研制了一種集機械、電子和計算機于一體的高速電主軸軸承試驗臺。該試驗臺主要由試驗臺主體、驅動系統(tǒng)、加載系統(tǒng)、測控系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)等組成,可根據(jù)試驗軸承的型號更換軸系組件;采用變頻調速控制技術、機電一體化技術和計算機控制技術,能夠模擬電主軸軸承的潤滑情況、散熱條件以及高速加工時的徑向切削分力和軸向切削分力;可實現(xiàn)對轉速、載荷、溫度、振動等主參數(shù)的實時監(jiān)測、顯示、處理及存儲,并可對各部件運行進行監(jiān)控,具有自動報警停機功能。 本論文在研制的試驗臺上進行了電主軸軸承的性能試驗研究。在循環(huán)水冷卻的條件下,對比研究了不同轉速和載荷條件下脂潤滑陶瓷球軸承、脂潤滑鋼制球軸承和油霧陶瓷球軸承的高速性能,并對試驗軸承失效進行了分析。結果表明,較低轉速時,脂潤滑陶瓷球軸承的工作溫度略高于鋼制球軸承和油霧潤滑陶瓷球軸承,溫度增長率比鋼制球軸承的低;當D_mN值為1.8×10~6mm·r/min時,脂潤滑陶瓷球軸承能較快達到熱平衡狀態(tài),其工作溫度明顯低于鋼制球軸承的工作溫度,與油霧潤滑陶瓷球軸承的工作溫度比較接近,且脂潤滑陶瓷球軸承的振動值比油霧潤滑陶瓷球軸承的小。可見,在高速電主軸中可以采用脂潤滑陶瓷球軸承。 利用所研制的高速電主軸陶瓷球軸承試驗臺,可以評估某一特定條件下高速電主軸陶瓷球軸承的工作特性,為其設計改進及應用提供試驗依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Motorized spindle is the core functional component of NC machine tools, which has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, small inertia, small vibration and fast response. Bearing is the key component to realize the high speed and precision of the motorized spindle. Its performance directly affects the rotational speed, stiffness, vibration, working temperature of the motorized spindle, and then affects the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool. Ceramic ball bearings have the characteristics of high speed, low temperature rise, no conduction and no magnetic conductivity, etc. The application of ceramic ball bearings in high speed motorized spindle can significantly improve the speed, stiffness and life of the motorized spindle. In this paper, according to the actual working conditions and operating characteristics of electric spindle ceramic ball bearings, a high-speed motorized spindle bearing test bed is developed, which integrates mechanical, electronic and computer. The test bed is mainly composed of the main body of the test bed, driving system, loading system, measuring and controlling system, cooling system, lubrication system and so on. The shafting components can be replaced according to the model of the test bearing. Mechatronics technology and computer control technology can simulate the lubrication condition, heat dissipation condition, radial cutting force and axial cutting force of motorized spindle bearing. The real-time monitoring, display, processing and storage of the main parameters, such as vibration, can be used to monitor the operation of the components and have the function of automatic alarm and shutdown. In this paper, the performance of motorized spindle bearing is studied on the test bed. The high speed performance of grease lubricated ceramic ball bearings, grease lubricated steel ball bearings and oil mist ceramic ball bearings under different rotational speeds and loads was studied under the condition of circulating water cooling. The failure of the test bearings was analyzed. The results show that the working temperature of grease lubricated ceramic ball bearings is slightly higher than that of steel ball bearings and oil mist lubricated ceramic ball bearings at lower rotational speeds, and the temperature growth rate is lower than that of steel ball bearings, and when the D_mN value is 1.8 脳 10~6mm r/min, The working temperature of grease lubricated ceramic ball bearing is obviously lower than that of steel ball bearing, which is close to that of oil mist lubricated ceramic ball bearing. The vibration value of grease lubricated ceramic ball bearing is smaller than that of oil mist lubricated ceramic ball bearing. Therefore, grease lubricated ceramic ball bearings can be used in high speed motorized spindle. By using the developed high speed motorized spindle ceramic ball bearing test bed, the working characteristics of the high speed motorized spindle ceramic ball bearing can be evaluated under a particular condition, and the experimental basis for its design improvement and application can be provided.
【學位授予單位】：河南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH133.3

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