本文選題：旋轉(zhuǎn)葉片 + 碰摩故障�。� 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速旋轉(zhuǎn)葉片是旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械中的關(guān)鍵部件,在航空航天和機(jī)械工程領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用都非常廣泛。葉片在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),主要承受的載荷為不穩(wěn)定的氣流激振力和高速旋轉(zhuǎn)下產(chǎn)生的離心力。葉片與機(jī)匣之間的碰摩就成為了空氣壓縮機(jī)組中最常見的故障之一,通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生較大幅值的振動(dòng),導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生非常復(fù)雜的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)行為,同時(shí)還會(huì)引起葉片疲勞、彎曲、折斷等嚴(yán)重的失效行為,影響機(jī)組的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。本課題以透平式空氣壓縮機(jī)葉片為研究對(duì)象,從理論和數(shù)值方面研究了碰摩葉片結(jié)構(gòu)的非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,對(duì)其穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了分析計(jì)算。增量諧波平衡法作為求解非線性振動(dòng)問(wèn)題的定量方法之一,被廣泛地應(yīng)用于非線性振動(dòng)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,成為求解非線性振動(dòng),特別是強(qiáng)非線性振動(dòng)的有效方法。然而,其在求解完整多自由度局部非線性系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)時(shí),會(huì)遇到耗時(shí)太長(zhǎng)的問(wèn)題,這極大地限制了其在高維局部非線性系統(tǒng)分析中的應(yīng)用。因此,姚紅良針對(duì)碰摩接觸產(chǎn)生非線性的局部多自由度系統(tǒng)的非線性特性,提出了降維的增量諧波平衡法(DRIHB法)。本文基于此算法開展的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：(1)基于增量諧波平衡法,提出了降維的增量諧波平衡法(DRIHB法)。通過(guò)諧波平衡理論分析了系統(tǒng)中各自由度各次諧波的定量對(duì)比關(guān)系,并且根據(jù)該定量對(duì)比關(guān)系使系統(tǒng)的維數(shù)降至與非線性自由度的個(gè)數(shù)相同。由于降維后系統(tǒng)為復(fù)數(shù)系統(tǒng),本文給出了該類系統(tǒng)的求解方法,以及原系統(tǒng)各自由度各階響應(yīng)的還原方法。(2)應(yīng)用本文算法分別計(jì)算了平板結(jié)構(gòu)、葉片實(shí)體結(jié)構(gòu)碰摩非線性振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)周期解,得到了時(shí)域波形和頻譜圖,并通過(guò)與數(shù)值積分方法所得結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,驗(yàn)證了本文算法的精確性和時(shí)效性。同時(shí)做出了系統(tǒng)的各次諧波響應(yīng)曲線,體現(xiàn)了該算法在分析復(fù)雜高維非線性振動(dòng)問(wèn)題時(shí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。(3)針對(duì)大型空壓機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)建立了有限元?jiǎng)恿W(xué)模型,采用DRIHB法研究了該類復(fù)雜高維轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的強(qiáng)非線性振動(dòng)問(wèn)題。分析了系統(tǒng)在單點(diǎn)、兩點(diǎn)、四點(diǎn)碰摩三種不同碰摩位置時(shí)的穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)；同時(shí)分析了接觸剛度和碰摩間隙對(duì)系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)的影響。
[Abstract]:High speed rotating vane is a key component in rotating machinery and is widely used in aerospace and mechanical engineering fields. When the blade rotates at high speed, the main load is unstable airflow excitation force and centrifugal force caused by high speed rotation. The rub-impact between the blade and the casing becomes one of the most common faults in the air compressor unit. It usually produces a large amplitude vibration, which leads to very complicated nonlinear dynamic behavior, and also causes the blade fatigue and bending. Serious failure behavior, such as breakage, affects the safe and stable operation of the unit. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of rub-impact blade structure are studied theoretically and numerically, and its steady state response is analyzed and calculated. As one of the quantitative methods for solving nonlinear vibration problems, incremental harmonic balance method has been widely used in various fields of nonlinear vibration, and has become an effective method for solving nonlinear vibration, especially for strong nonlinear vibration. However, when solving the steady-state response of complete multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) local nonlinear systems, it will meet the problem of long time consuming, which greatly limits its application in the analysis of high-dimensional local nonlinear systems. Therefore, Yao Hongliang proposed an incremental harmonic balance method to reduce the dimension of the nonlinear local multi-degree-of-freedom system caused by rub-impact contact. In this paper, the main research contents based on this algorithm are as follows: (1) based on the incremental harmonic balance method, a reduced-dimension incremental harmonic balance method is proposed. Based on the harmonic balance theory, the quantitative comparison relationship of each degree of freedom harmonics in the system is analyzed, and the dimension of the system is reduced to the same as the number of nonlinear degrees of freedom according to the quantitative comparison relationship. Since the system is a complex system after dimensionality reduction, this paper gives the solution method of the system and the method of reducing the response of each degree of freedom of the original system. (2) the flat plate structure is calculated by using the algorithm in this paper. The steady periodic solution of rub-impact nonlinear vibration system with blade structure is obtained, and the time-domain waveform and spectrum diagram are obtained. The accuracy and timeliness of the proposed algorithm are verified by comparing the results with the numerical integration method. At the same time, the harmonic response curves of the system are given, which shows the advantage of the algorithm in analyzing the complex high dimensional nonlinear vibration problem. The finite element dynamic model is established for the rotor system of the large air compressor. The DRIHB method is used to study the strong nonlinear vibration of this kind of complex high dimensional rotor system. The steady-state response of the system at three different rub-impact positions at single point, two point and four point is analyzed, and the influence of contact stiffness and rubbing clearance on the system response is also analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH45

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本文編號(hào)：1895189