本文選題：農(nóng)用自卸車 + 舉升機構(gòu)��； 參考：《廣西科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要是針對某種農(nóng)用自卸車在客戶使用過程中發(fā)生了舉升機構(gòu)底座斷裂的問題進行了研究，，研究的對象是廣西某農(nóng)用自卸車公司的連桿式舉升機構(gòu)，底座及副車架，運用ADAMS軟件建立簡化的舉升機構(gòu)模型然后仿真舉升機構(gòu)的卸載過程，可以得出各部件受力值隨時間變化的曲線（特別是超載的情況）；使用ANSYSWorkbench對關(guān)鍵零件進行應(yīng)力分析及副車架模態(tài)分析，然后對舉升機構(gòu)底座電測試驗和副車架自由模態(tài)試驗，驗證軟件仿真和分析的正確性。本文運用虛擬樣機技術(shù)和有限元技術(shù)在農(nóng)用自卸車設(shè)計方面進行了一些嘗試及探索，具有一定的學(xué)術(shù)價值。 主要做了以下工作： （1）根據(jù)自卸車舉升機構(gòu)的特點，結(jié)合虛擬樣機技術(shù)，使用ADAMS軟件建立自卸車舉升機構(gòu)的簡化模型包括車廂、拉桿、油缸、油缸活塞桿等，查看整個機構(gòu)的布置狀況，檢驗干涉情況然后進行運動學(xué)仿真，不僅可以直觀得到初始設(shè)計時各構(gòu)件的受力情況，也能計算整個機構(gòu)的初始舉升性能. （2）使用有限元分析軟件ANSYS Workbench對關(guān)鍵零部件（舉升機構(gòu)底座）及副車架進行參數(shù)化建模,網(wǎng)格劃分,在有限元模型中添加ADAMS仿真得到的最大舉升力及此時的角度，進行有限元分析得到底座應(yīng)力云圖。使用有限元軟件對副車架及底座進行自由模態(tài)分析，求出副車架自由模態(tài)下前六階非零固有頻率及振形圖，由計算的頻率值可知副車架及底座的頻率避開了發(fā)動機的頻率，說明正常工作時是安全的。 （3）根據(jù)ANSYS Workbench的模態(tài)分析和ADAMS的仿真分析結(jié)果，對副車架布置測試點的位置，然后進行模態(tài)試驗測試，得到副車架試驗的模態(tài)頻率及振形圖，對比試驗數(shù)據(jù)和軟件分析結(jié)果，驗證了軟件分析結(jié)果的可信度及模型的準(zhǔn)確度。布置自卸車舉升機構(gòu)的測試點，對舉升機構(gòu)卸載時進行動態(tài)試驗，驗證了舉升機構(gòu)底座受力與軟件分析結(jié)果基本是一致的，為下一步對舉升機構(gòu)底座斷裂的分析奠定基礎(chǔ)。 （4）使用ADAMS軟件建立舉升機構(gòu)的參數(shù)化模型，對舉升機構(gòu)各鉸鏈點位置坐標(biāo)進行參數(shù)化處理，選取合適的設(shè)計變量及目標(biāo)函數(shù)進行優(yōu)化，優(yōu)化后舉升機構(gòu)卸載1.5x104kg載荷時油缸的最大舉升為1.89E5(N)，油缸的初始舉升力1.55E5（N）,P0等于0.82Pmax,小于0.85Pmax符合機構(gòu)的性能要求，最大的舉升力減少了32.5%，在ANSYS Workbench軟件中建立優(yōu)化后的模型，進行應(yīng)力分析驗證優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)是符合要求。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly focuses on the research of the breakage of lifting mechanism base in the process of using a certain agricultural dump truck. The research object is the connecting rod lifting mechanism, the base and the sub-frame of a certain agricultural dump truck company in Guangxi. The simplified lifting mechanism model is established by using ADAMS software, and then the unloading process of the lifting mechanism is simulated. The curves of the stress value of each component with time (especially the overload) can be obtained. The stress analysis and the modal analysis of the subframe are carried out by using ANSYSWorkbench, and then the electric test and the free mode test of the base of the lifting mechanism and the free mode test of the sub-frame are carried out. Verify the correctness of software simulation and analysis. In this paper, virtual prototyping technology and finite element technique are used in the design of agricultural dump truck, which has certain academic value. The main tasks are as follows: According to the characteristics of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck, combined with the virtual prototyping technology, the simplified model of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck is established by using ADAMS software, including the carriage, the pull rod, the piston rod of the cylinder, and so on, and the layout of the whole mechanism is inspected. After the interference is checked and the kinematics simulation is carried out, the initial lifting performance of the whole mechanism can be calculated as well as the force situation of each member in the initial design. 2) using finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench to parameterize the key parts (lift mechanism base) and sub-frame, to divide the mesh, to add the maximum lift force obtained by ADAMS simulation to the finite element model and the angle at this time. The stress cloud diagram of the base is obtained by finite element analysis. The free modal analysis of the subframe and the base is carried out by using the finite element software, and the first six non-zero natural frequencies and the vibration figure of the subframe are obtained under the free mode of the subframe. The frequency of the subframe and the base can be determined by the calculated frequency value, and the frequency of the subframe and the base avoids the frequency of the engine. Indicates that it is safe to work properly. According to the results of modal analysis of ANSYS Workbench and simulation analysis of ADAMS, the location of test points is arranged on the sub-frame, then modal test is carried out, and the modal frequency and vibration diagram of sub-frame test are obtained, and the results of test data and software analysis are compared. The reliability of the software analysis results and the accuracy of the model are verified. The test points of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck are arranged, and the dynamic test of the lifting mechanism is carried out when the lifting mechanism is unloaded, which verifies that the stress of the base of the lifting mechanism is basically the same as the result of the software analysis, which lays a foundation for the analysis of the fracture of the base of the lifting mechanism in the next step. The parameterized model of lifting mechanism is established by using ADAMS software. The coordinate of each hinge point of the lifting mechanism is parameterized, and the appropriate design variables and objective functions are selected to optimize. The maximum lift of the oil cylinder is 1.89E5N0 when the 1.5x104kg load is unloaded by the optimized lifting mechanism, and the initial lift force of the oil cylinder is equal to 0.82Pmax, which is less than that of the 0.85Pmax, and the maximum lifting force is reduced by 32.5%. The optimized model is established in the ANSYS Workbench software. Stress analysis is carried out to verify that the optimized structure meets the requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH242

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