本文選題：離心泵 + 蝸殼��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：流體機(jī)械的種類有很多,泵類產(chǎn)品是其中最常用的一類,它們?cè)趥鬏斠后w工質(zhì)方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。離心泵體積一般比較小,但是卻可以具有較高的轉(zhuǎn)速,并且運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,因此常被用于發(fā)電、石油、化工、等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。但是泵類產(chǎn)品在發(fā)揮作用的同時(shí),也消耗著巨大的能源,并且其自身的效率也不高。由此可以看出,自主設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)泵類產(chǎn)品將會(huì)對(duì)我國(guó)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、能源消耗的減少具有重大的意義。其中蝸殼是離心泵靜止元件中最重要的部分,由于流動(dòng)工質(zhì)是有粘性的,因此液體與固壁之間必然會(huì)有摩擦力的存存在,所以也就有能量損失的存在。此外,蝸殼內(nèi)部流動(dòng)的好壞還會(huì)直接影響到與之連接的葉輪等核心部件,從而影響葉輪運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的可靠性。因此在設(shè)計(jì)中對(duì)這個(gè)重要過(guò)流部件決不可掉以輕心,這是因?yàn)槲仛ぴO(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)劣,對(duì)水泵整體性能和效率指標(biāo)會(huì)有很大的影響。 本文研究的對(duì)象是沈鼓集團(tuán)自主設(shè)計(jì)的余熱排出泵模型。本文從流體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)出發(fā),對(duì)離心泵的整體工作性能進(jìn)行分析。利用商用軟件Pro/E和IGG對(duì)離心泵葉輪、導(dǎo)葉、蝸殼進(jìn)行了三維建模和網(wǎng)格劃分,然后利用商用CFD軟件對(duì)離心泵進(jìn)行全流道多工況的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,詳細(xì)的分析了原模型內(nèi)部流動(dòng)的特征。針對(duì)分析結(jié)果,指出導(dǎo)致該離心泵效率低的主要原因在于蝸殼設(shè)計(jì)不合理。然后提出多種蝸殼優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的建議和改進(jìn)的方法,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行變工況的數(shù)值檢驗(yàn)計(jì)算,最終使得整機(jī)效率提高了7%,效果顯著。研究表明,不同斷面形式和大小的蝸殼會(huì)對(duì)離心泵內(nèi)部流動(dòng)特性產(chǎn)生影響；非對(duì)稱截面蝸殼可以獲得更加均勻的周向速度和壓力分布,可以有效的減小損失；蝸舌與導(dǎo)葉間存在一種相對(duì)位置,二者合適的位置會(huì)對(duì)整機(jī)的性能產(chǎn)生一定的影響。 本文關(guān)于離心泵的研究為蝸殼流場(chǎng)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供了參考價(jià)值。研究所得出的設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)今后離心泵設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化改進(jìn)等相關(guān)工作奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of fluid machinery, pump products are the most commonly used, they play an important role in the transport of liquid working fluids. The centrifugal pump is generally small in volume, but it can have high rotational speed and stable operation, so it is often used in the fields of power generation, petroleum, chemical industry and so on. But pump products also consume huge energy, and their own efficiency is not high. It can be seen that the independent design and development of pump products will be of great significance to the development of China's industrial economy and the reduction of energy consumption. The volute is the most important part of the static component of the centrifugal pump. Because the fluid is viscous, there must be friction between the liquid and the solid wall, so there is energy loss. In addition, the flow in the volute will directly affect the impeller and other core components, thus affecting the reliability of the impeller operation. Therefore, the design of this important over-flow part should not be taken lightly, this is because the design of the volute will have a great impact on the overall performance and efficiency of the pump. The research object of this paper is the model of waste heat discharge pump designed by Shengu Group. Based on the theory of fluid dynamics, the whole performance of centrifugal pump is analyzed in this paper. The three-dimensional modeling and meshing of impeller, guide vane and volute of centrifugal pump are carried out by using commercial software Pro/E and IGG. Then, the numerical simulation of centrifugal pump under multi-working conditions is carried out by using commercial CFD software. The characteristics of internal flow in the original model are analyzed in detail. It is pointed out that the main reason for the low efficiency of the centrifugal pump is the unreasonable design of the volute. Then several suggestions and improved methods for optimal design of volute are put forward, and the numerical results of variable working conditions are carried out. Finally, the efficiency of the whole machine is improved by 7%, and the effect is remarkable. The results show that the volute with different cross section and size will affect the flow characteristics of centrifugal pump, and the asymmetric section volute can obtain more uniform circumferential velocity and pressure distribution, which can effectively reduce the loss. There is a relative position between the cochlear tongue and the guide vane. The research on centrifugal pump in this paper provides reference value for volute flow field analysis and structure optimization. The design experience obtained from the study lays a solid foundation for the design and optimization of centrifugal pump in the future, and has a very important guiding significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

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