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面曝光快速成形技術(shù)的變形研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-05-08 03:36

  本文選題:快速成形 + 仿真模擬; 參考:《西安工程大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文


【摘要】:隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用水平的提高,微型機(jī)械的發(fā)展取得了很大的突破,,它是一個(gè)集合了機(jī)械技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的綜合性學(xué)科。微型機(jī)械具有效率高、體積小、耗能少、性能高等突出的優(yōu)點(diǎn),并因此廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中,具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。目前,面向微小結(jié)構(gòu)制作的光固化快速成形技術(shù)在世界范圍內(nèi)已成了研究和開(kāi)發(fā)的熱點(diǎn)。面曝光快速成形技術(shù)作為光固化快速成形技術(shù)中的一種,是微型機(jī)械制造領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用較為廣泛的新型光固化技術(shù)。 變形問(wèn)題是光固化快速成形技術(shù)(SL)中必然存在的問(wèn)題,也是一個(gè)急需解決的難題。變形問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重制約了光固化快速成形技術(shù)(SL)的發(fā)展,不僅影響了零件的精度、外觀質(zhì)量、裝配以及使用性能,而且使成形過(guò)程難以控制,甚至使零件制作失敗,所以要盡量避免變形的發(fā)生。為了更好的滿足客戶的需求,減小變形,提高成形零件的制作精度,本文對(duì)于面曝光快速成形技術(shù)中的變形問(wèn)題做了系統(tǒng)的研究。 首先,文中論述了面曝光快速成形技術(shù)中層層累積的成形原理,從理論上對(duì)面曝光快速成形技術(shù)的變形機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究,并詳細(xì)分析了收縮中心理論和收縮應(yīng)力。在對(duì)面曝光快速成形技術(shù)中的變形機(jī)理進(jìn)行理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了用于理論分析的數(shù)學(xué)模型,構(gòu)建了小撓度溫度應(yīng)力彎曲微分方程,得出變形(撓度g)與層數(shù)n、溫差T和位置尺寸x和y等參數(shù)間的定量關(guān)系式。另外,使用MATLAB軟件擬合了撓度方程g(x,y)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 其次,結(jié)合面曝光快速成形系統(tǒng)的制作條件,使用ANSYS仿真軟件中“生死單元”的方法模擬了零件曝光固化后的收縮變形情況。在模擬過(guò)程中,通過(guò)軟件的前處理(PREP7)、求解(Solution)和后處理(POST1、POST26)階段對(duì)變形進(jìn)行仿真模擬,獲得了一系列模擬數(shù)據(jù)。利用Excel處理模擬數(shù)據(jù),擬合出各個(gè)變形影響因素與變形量之間的關(guān)系曲線。使用控制變量法對(duì)變形與主要影響因素之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)層數(shù)越多,產(chǎn)生的變形越少,變形主要發(fā)生在最初的若干層。另外,溫差越小,離收縮中心越近,產(chǎn)生的變形越小。 然后,對(duì)面曝光快速成形零件的變形進(jìn)行了大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,得出不同條件下制作零件的變形數(shù)據(jù)。利用實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)研究了面曝光快速成形零件的變形與主要影響因素之間的關(guān)系,驗(yàn)證了理論分析和軟件模擬的正確性,闡述了產(chǎn)生變形的原因。根據(jù)以上研究結(jié)論,提出了減小零件變形的一系列措施如設(shè)置支撐、選擇合適的工藝參數(shù)等,為減小零件的變形,提高成形零件的制作精度提供了依據(jù)。 最后,為了更有效的減小零件的變形,論文還研究了分區(qū)域曝光和交錯(cuò)曝光兩種新型曝光模式。這兩種曝光模式是指同一固化層首先被分割成多個(gè)區(qū)域,從而曝光面積有所減小,然后在不同的時(shí)間段內(nèi),分別對(duì)這些區(qū)域進(jìn)行曝光固化。每個(gè)單獨(dú)的固化區(qū)域可以進(jìn)行自由的收縮變形,內(nèi)部應(yīng)力有足夠的時(shí)間釋放,最后形成整個(gè)樹(shù)脂固化層,且其變形減小。理論分析及實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明這兩種曝光模式能減小成形零件的變形。 以上研究,對(duì)減小面曝光快速成形零件的變形,提高制作精度具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern industrial technology and the improvement of computer application level , the development of micro machinery has made great breakthrough . It is a comprehensive subject of mechanical technology and computer technology . It has the advantages of high efficiency , small volume , low energy consumption , high performance and so on .

The deformation problem is the inevitable problem in the rapid prototyping technology ( SL ) , and it is an urgent problem . The deformation problem seriously restricts the development of light curing rapid prototyping technology ( SL ) , which not only affects the precision , the appearance quality , the assembly and the use performance of the parts , but also makes the forming process difficult to control and even makes the part manufacture fail . In order to better meet the needs of the customer , reduce the deformation and improve the manufacturing precision of the forming part , the paper studies the deformation problem in the surface exposure rapid prototyping technology .

Firstly , the forming principle of layer - by - layer accumulation in the surface exposure rapid prototyping technology is discussed , the deformation mechanism of the rapid prototyping technology is studied theoretically , and the shrinkage center theory and the shrinkage stress are analyzed in detail . Based on the theoretical analysis of the deformation mechanism in the opposite exposure rapid prototyping technology , a mathematical model for the theoretical analysis is established , and a quantitative relation between the deformation ( deflection g ) and the parameters such as the number n , the temperature difference T and the position dimension x and y is obtained . In addition , the mathematical model of the deflection equation g ( x , y ) is fitted by MATLAB software .

In the simulation process , the relationship between the deformation and the deformation is simulated by means of pre - processing ( PREP7 ) , solution and post - processing ( POST1 , POST 26 ) . The relationship between the deformation and the deformation is simulated by using the control variable method .

Then , a large number of experiments are carried out on the deformation of the fast forming part opposite to the exposure , and the deformation data of the parts are produced under different conditions . The experimental data is used to study the relationship between the deformation and the main influencing factors of the surface exposure fast forming part . The reason of the deformation is verified . According to the above research conclusion , a series of measures for reducing the deformation of the part are put forward , such as setting up support , selecting suitable process parameters , etc . , and providing a basis for reducing the deformation of the part and improving the manufacturing accuracy of the forming part .

In the end , in order to reduce the deformation of the parts more effectively , the paper also studies the two types of exposure modes of sub - region exposure and staggered exposure . The two exposure modes refer to the fact that the same curing layer is first divided into a plurality of regions , so that the exposure area is reduced , and then the regions are exposed and cured respectively in different time periods .

In the above research , it is very important to reduce the deformation of the surface - exposed quick - forming part and improve the precision of manufacturing .

【學(xué)位授予單位】:西安工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:TH16;TG665

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