本文選題：有限元 + 板��； 參考：《南京理工大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以某重點課題為研究背景,采用理論分析、數(shù)值計算和實驗測試相結(jié)合的方法,對典型機械連接結(jié)構的建模理論與方法進行探討研究,主要內(nèi)容包括： (1)對經(jīng)典的結(jié)構模態(tài)分析理論進行對比分析,重點闡述粘性阻尼和結(jié)構阻尼系統(tǒng)的模態(tài)分析理論,在此基礎上分析了焊接、螺接、鉚接等典型連接的機械力學特性,以及在工程領域中對這些連接結(jié)構的處理經(jīng)驗,借助于ANSYS軟件建立典型機械連接結(jié)構的有限元模型。焊接建模時分別采用整體建模(忽略焊縫)、MPC約束模擬焊接關系、實體單元處理焊接處三種方法；采用梁單元、實體單元以及耦合節(jié)點法模擬螺栓連接；采用梁單元、彈簧單元、以及剛性連接來模擬鉚接。利用三種建模方法對上述三種連接方式連接的鋁合金‘I’型、‘T’型、‘十’型板件結(jié)構的固有振動頻率和振型進行了數(shù)值計算,通過對比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用不同的模擬方法對焊接和螺栓連接結(jié)構的模態(tài)計算結(jié)果影響不明顯,但對鉚接的計算結(jié)果影響較明顯。此外,還建立了‘T’型鋼質(zhì)懸臂梁和簡支梁的有限元模型,研究了固支端螺栓連接和簡支端銷軸連接的不同模擬方法對結(jié)構模態(tài)計算結(jié)果的影響。 (2)根據(jù)模態(tài)分析和測試實驗技術,結(jié)合實驗室現(xiàn)有實驗條件,建立了錘擊法模態(tài)測試實驗系統(tǒng)。利用該系統(tǒng)分別對不同連接結(jié)構的鋁合金板結(jié)構和鋼質(zhì)梁結(jié)構進行了模態(tài)特性測試研究,每種工況同時進行三組測試,得出了所有試件在Z向的自由振動固有頻率和振型,將測試結(jié)果的平均值與理論計算結(jié)果進行對比分析,對各種建模方法的準確程度進行了評估。 (3)通過選取修正參數(shù)、狀態(tài)變量和約束條件,建立了基于設計參數(shù)修改的結(jié)構有限元修正模型,根據(jù)計算頻率與測試頻率之間的誤差大小,對螺栓連接、鉚接、簡支、懸臂等結(jié)構有限元模型的設計參數(shù)進行了修正研究。 本文取得的典型機械連接結(jié)構的建模處理研究成果對機械結(jié)構的精細化建模具有較好的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the modeling theory and method of typical mechanical connection structure are studied by the method of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and experimental test. The main contents are as follows: 1) comparing and analyzing the classical structural modal analysis theory, focusing on the modal analysis theory of viscous damping and structural damping system. On this basis, the mechanical and mechanical characteristics of typical joints such as welding, screw joint and riveting are analyzed. With the help of ANSYS software, the finite element model of the typical mechanical connection structure is established by means of the experience in the engineering field. In welding modeling, the whole modeling method is used (ignoring the welding seam MPC constraint to simulate the welding relationship, the solid unit handles the welding place three methods; the beam element, the solid element and the coupling node method are used to simulate the bolt connection; the beam element, the spring element, the coupling node method), And rigid connections to simulate riveting. By using three modeling methods, the natural vibration frequencies and vibration modes of the aluminum alloy I'- type TX '-type plate structure are numerically calculated, and the results are compared and analyzed. It is found that the influence of different simulation methods on the modal calculation results of welded and bolted structures is not obvious, but the effect on the results of riveting is more obvious. In addition, the finite element models of T'steel cantilever beam and simply supported beam are established, and the influence of different simulation methods on the modal calculation results is studied. (2) according to the modal analysis and test technology, combined with the existing experimental conditions in the laboratory, the experimental system of hammer impact modal testing is established. The modal characteristics of aluminum alloy plate structure and steel beam structure with different connection structures were tested by this system. Three groups of tests were carried out at the same time under each working condition, and the natural frequencies and modes of free vibration of all specimens in Z direction were obtained. The average value of the test results is compared with the theoretical results, and the accuracy of various modeling methods is evaluated. By selecting the modified parameters, state variables and constraint conditions, the finite element correction model of structure based on the modification of design parameters is established. According to the error between calculating frequency and testing frequency, bolted connection, riveting, simple support, etc. The design parameters of the finite element model of cantilever structure are studied. The results obtained in this paper can be used for reference in the fine modeling of mechanical structures.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH131

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