本文選題：混流制造系統(tǒng) + 排隊理論�。� 參考：《蘭州交通大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著市場競爭激烈化以及顧客需求個性化的增加，混流生產(chǎn)方式成為制造業(yè)普遍采用的一種生產(chǎn)組織方式，它可以在基本不改變設(shè)施布局的前提下，在同一制造系統(tǒng)內(nèi)組織生產(chǎn)出多種不同型號、不同數(shù)量的產(chǎn)品，具有很高的靈活性。但是在多產(chǎn)品混流制造過程中，產(chǎn)品的成組化、產(chǎn)品制造隊列的組織、混流制造系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)率水平和負荷平衡情況等決定了能否實現(xiàn)制造系統(tǒng)的同步化、均衡化生產(chǎn)，同時，較好的系統(tǒng)服務(wù)率水平和均衡穩(wěn)定的系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)能力可以使得企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品的價格、質(zhì)量以及快速響應(yīng)市場能力等方面獲得優(yōu)勢，贏得競爭。因此，有必要對混流制造系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)率優(yōu)化問題以及負荷平衡問題進行研究。 鑒于排隊理論適用于一切服務(wù)系統(tǒng)，基于排隊理論對混流制造系統(tǒng)進行優(yōu)化的相關(guān)文獻并不多見，本文基于排隊理論對混流制造系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)率優(yōu)化問題和負荷平衡問題進行研究。針對混流制造系統(tǒng)的高靈活性、產(chǎn)品制造隊列排序等特征，利用排隊網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論，可建立一個混流制造系統(tǒng)的開放式排隊網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型。由于整個系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部存在著多種類型的產(chǎn)品，各類產(chǎn)品可依據(jù)成組化原理聚合為一類混合產(chǎn)品，與混合產(chǎn)品相對應(yīng)的就是將整個混流排隊網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型簡化為單一產(chǎn)品類型的排隊網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，其中的每一個工作單元都可以等效為一個G/G/1排隊系統(tǒng)模型。 建立了多產(chǎn)品混流制造系統(tǒng)的排隊網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型之后，就可以建立混流制造系統(tǒng)服務(wù)率優(yōu)化問題的數(shù)學模型。以每一個工作單元單位時間內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的逗留損失費用與服務(wù)費用之和的期望值為目標函數(shù)，以工作單元加工每一類產(chǎn)品的服務(wù)強度為約束條件，建立期望費用模型。針對所建立的混流制造系統(tǒng)服務(wù)率優(yōu)化模型的復雜性，構(gòu)造懲罰函數(shù)對原目標函數(shù)加以修正，將原約束問題轉(zhuǎn)化為無約束問題。利用坐標輪換法、黃金分割法、進退法等最優(yōu)化方法以及MATLAB程序?qū)γ恳粋€工作單元的懲罰函數(shù)進行求解，得到其加工每一類產(chǎn)品的最優(yōu)服務(wù)率，完成混流制造系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)率優(yōu)化工作。 確立了每一個工作單元加工每一類產(chǎn)品的最優(yōu)服務(wù)率，即可根據(jù)每一類產(chǎn)品在制造系統(tǒng)中的轉(zhuǎn)移概率矩陣，，建立混流制造系統(tǒng)負荷平衡問題的數(shù)學模型。根據(jù)產(chǎn)品的轉(zhuǎn)移概率矩陣和工作單元的典型隊列模型圖，利用混流制造系統(tǒng)服務(wù)率的優(yōu)化結(jié)果求得每一個工作單元對混合產(chǎn)品的平均加工時間。而后以工作站數(shù)目、工作站負荷的平滑指數(shù)同時最小為目標函數(shù)，以混合產(chǎn)品的加工先后順序關(guān)系為約束條件，建立了混流制造系統(tǒng)負荷平衡的優(yōu)化模型。運用遺傳算法和C程序求解該數(shù)學模型，從而完成混流制造系統(tǒng)負荷平衡的工作。 最后針對玩具小車混流裝配線的服務(wù)率優(yōu)化問題和負荷平衡問題進行實例研究，驗證以上優(yōu)化方案的可行性和實用性。計算結(jié)果表明，當混流制造系統(tǒng)每一個工作單元的服務(wù)率處于較優(yōu)狀態(tài)且系統(tǒng)整體的負荷平衡狀況良好時，可以保證生產(chǎn)順暢，資源利用充分。
[Abstract]:With the intensification of market competition and the increasing personalization of customer demand, mixed flow production has become a kind of production organization widely used in the manufacturing industry. It can produce a variety of different models and different quantities of products in the same manufacturing system without changing the layout of the facilities, but it has high flexibility. In the multi product mixed flow manufacturing process, the group of products, the organization of the product manufacturing queue, the service rate level and the load balance of the mixed flow manufacturing system decide whether the synchronization of the manufacturing system can be realized and the production is balanced. At the same time, the better system service rate and the balanced and stable system production ability can make the enterprise Therefore, it is necessary to study the problem of service rate optimization and load balance in mixed flow manufacturing system.
In view of the fact that queuing theory is applicable to all service systems, there are few related literatures on the optimization of mixed flow manufacturing system based on queuing theory. This paper studies the problem of service rate optimization and load balance of mixed flow manufacturing system based on queuing theory. On the basis of queuing network theory, we can establish an open queuing network model of mixed flow manufacturing system. Because there are many types of products in the whole system, all kinds of products can be aggregated into a class of mixed products according to the principle of grouping, and the whole mixed flow queuing network model is simplified as a single product. Each queuing network model can be equivalent to a G/G/1 queueing system model.
After establishing the queuing network model of multi product mixed flow manufacturing system, the mathematical model of the optimization of the service rate of the mixed flow manufacturing system can be established. The objective function is the expected value of the cost of the lingering loss and the service cost per unit time of each unit, and the service strength of each kind of product is processed by the working unit. According to the complexity of the service rate optimization model of the mixed flow manufacturing system, the penalty function is constructed to modify the original objective function, and the original constraint problem is transformed into unconstrained problem. The optimization methods, such as coordinate rotation, gold segmentation, and retreat method, and MATLAB program to each one are used. The penalty function of each unit is solved to get the optimal service rate of each product, and the service rate optimization of the mixed manufacturing system is completed.
According to the transfer probability matrix of each kind of product in the manufacturing system, the mathematical model of the load balance problem of mixed flow manufacturing system can be established according to the transfer probability matrix of each kind of product in the manufacturing system. The average processing time of each unit to the mixed product is obtained. Then the number of workstations, the minimum of the smoothness index of the workstation load are at the same time as the objective function, and the optimization model of the load balance of the mixed flow manufacturing system is established by the order relation of the processing sequence of the mixed products. The C program solves the mathematical model and completes the load balancing of the mixed flow manufacturing system.
Finally, a case study on the problem of service rate optimization and load balance of the toy car mixed flow assembly line is carried out to verify the feasibility and practicability of the above optimization. The results show that when the service rate of each unit in the mixed flow manufacturing system is in a better state and the overall load balance is good, it can be guaranteed. The production of the certificate is smooth and the resources are fully utilized.

【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH186

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本文編號：1801589