發(fā)布時間：2018-04-25 04:02

  本文選題：耐磨性 + 微深孔�。� 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著越來越多的高速、重載傳動機構(gòu)的出現(xiàn),零件的工作條件愈來愈苛刻,零件的使用壽命越來越短。因此,提高零件的使用壽命是現(xiàn)代工程中面臨的一個重要難題,另外,在以節(jié)能減排為主題的當(dāng)今社會中,提高零件的使用壽命對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的影響。提高零件的使用壽命,其中最有效的一種方法就是降低零件接觸表面的磨損。目前,提高零件表面耐磨性能常用的方法主要有：改變材料的化學(xué)成份與組織結(jié)構(gòu)、改變熱處理工藝以及材料的表面改性技術(shù)等。在此,本文提出了一種提高零件耐磨性的方法——在零件表面制造很多排列有序的微深孔；由于零件表面在重載情況下,接觸面會產(chǎn)生變形,使接觸區(qū)的微深孔容積變小,可以在接觸區(qū)產(chǎn)生擠油現(xiàn)象,從而增加了接觸區(qū)的油膜厚度,已達(dá)到減磨效果。 本文主要介紹了利用激光加工技術(shù)在零件表面制造微深孔的方法,闡述了激光加工過程中影響微深孔加工的因素,以及應(yīng)用HGL-LCY300激光加工設(shè)備在圓柱滾輪表面加工出直徑為0.2～0.4mm左右,孔深為1.5～2.0mm左右的眾多排列有序的微深孔。在經(jīng)典彈流動力潤滑理論的基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)出零件表面具有微深孔時的彈流動力潤滑方程組；利用數(shù)值分析的方法,對潤滑方程組進(jìn)行數(shù)值求解。將計算結(jié)果與光滑零件表面在相同條件下求得的數(shù)值結(jié)果作比較,得出了零件表面在有微深孔時能增大接觸區(qū)的油膜厚度,也能降低接觸區(qū)的油膜壓力。并且分析了節(jié)點數(shù)目、載荷、速度和微深孔流量的變化對潤滑油膜的壓力和油膜厚度的影響,得出了以下結(jié)論：(1)計算區(qū)域的節(jié)點數(shù)劃分對數(shù)值結(jié)果有一點的影響,節(jié)點數(shù)越多,彈流潤滑油膜的最大壓力不斷下降,而最小油膜厚度不斷上升,但數(shù)值變化不大,同時獲得數(shù)值結(jié)果越慢。(2)在相同條件下,隨著載荷的增加,油膜的最大壓力和最小厚度都在增大,但是,零件表面所具有的微深孔的最小油膜厚度要比光滑表面的最小油膜厚度要大,而最大油膜壓力相對要小。(3)在相同條件下,流體的速度在不斷增大,對最大油膜壓力影響不是太明顯,相反,隨著速度在不斷增大,最小油膜膜厚變化明顯。(4)微深孔流量發(fā)生變化,最小油膜厚度變化不怎么明顯,但是比光滑零件表面的油膜厚度變化要大,而最大油膜壓力在不斷減小,同時也給出了微深孔總流量的一個合理變化范圍。 本文還介紹了減磨潤滑的對比試驗的設(shè)計,并在有限的實驗條件下進(jìn)行零件耐磨性的對比試驗,進(jìn)一步驗證了零件表面具有微深孔時具有良好的耐磨性,提高了零件的使用壽命。
[Abstract]:With more and more high speed and heavy load transmission mechanism, the working conditions of parts are becoming more and more harsh, and the service life of parts is becoming shorter and shorter. Therefore, increasing the service life of parts is an important problem in modern engineering. In addition, in today's society with the theme of energy saving and emission reduction, increasing the service life of parts has an important impact on the sustainable development of global economy. One of the most effective ways to improve the service life of parts is to reduce the wear of contact surfaces. At present, the main methods to improve the wear resistance of the parts are: changing the chemical composition and structure of the material, changing the heat treatment process and the surface modification technology of the material, etc. In this paper, a method to improve the wear resistance of the parts is proposed, which makes many ordered micro-deep holes on the surface of the parts. Because the contact surface of the parts will be deformed under heavy load, the volume of the micro-deep holes in the contact area will become smaller. Oil squeezing can be produced in the contact area, thus increasing the thickness of the oil film in the contact area and achieving the effect of reducing wear. This paper mainly introduces the method of making micro deep holes on the surface of parts by using laser machining technology, and expounds the factors that affect the processing of micro deep holes in the process of laser processing. And the HGL-LCY300 laser machining equipment is used to fabricate many well-arranged micro-deep holes with diameter of 0.2~0.4mm or so and hole depth of 1.5~2.0mm on the surface of cylindrical roller. Based on the classical elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication equations with micro-deep holes on the surface of parts are derived, and the equations of lubrication are solved numerically by the method of numerical analysis. By comparing the calculated results with the numerical results obtained from the smooth parts under the same conditions, it is concluded that the oil film thickness of the contact area can be increased and the oil film pressure of the contact area can be reduced when the surface of the part has a micro-deep hole. The effect of the number of nodes, load, velocity and flow rate on the pressure and thickness of lubricating oil film is analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: 1) the number of nodes in the calculated area has a little effect on the numerical results, and the more the nodes are, the more the number of nodes is. The maximum pressure of elastohydrodynamic lubricating oil film is decreasing, while the minimum film thickness is increasing, but the numerical value is not changed much, and the numerical results are obtained slowly. 2) under the same conditions, with the increase of load, The maximum pressure and the minimum thickness of the oil film are both increasing, but the minimum oil film thickness of the micro-deep hole on the surface of the part is larger than the minimum oil film thickness of the smooth surface, and the maximum oil film pressure is relatively small under the same conditions. As the velocity of the fluid increases, the effect on the maximum oil film pressure is not obvious. On the contrary, with the increasing of the velocity, the minimum film thickness changes obviously. But the thickness of the oil film is larger than that of the smooth surface, and the maximum oil film pressure is decreasing continuously. At the same time, a reasonable range of the total flow rate of the micro-deep hole is given. This paper also introduces the design of the contrast test of reducing wear and lubrication, and carries on the contrast test of the wear resistance of the parts under the limited experimental conditions. It is further proved that the surface of the parts has good wear resistance when the surface has micro-deep holes. The service life of the parts is increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH117;TG665

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