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液壓破碎錘虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)的研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-04-23 09:47

  本文選題:液壓破碎錘 + 虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù); 參考:《上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文


【摘要】:液壓破碎錘是一種將液壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械沖擊能的破碎工具,以液體壓力驅(qū)動(dòng)活塞往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)做功,對(duì)外輸出能量進(jìn)行工作。隨著我國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和能源交通的發(fā)展,對(duì)液壓破碎錘的需求量也與日俱增。因此如何完善產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方法,調(diào)高產(chǎn)品性能,在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的當(dāng)今社會(huì)顯得尤為重要。 本文以某型號(hào)液壓破碎錘為研究對(duì)象,在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外液壓破碎錘仿真技術(shù)和優(yōu)化研究方案的基礎(chǔ)上,采用計(jì)算機(jī)模擬和試驗(yàn)測(cè)試相結(jié)合的技術(shù)路線,對(duì)液壓破碎錘進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合仿真分析和試驗(yàn)研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上以提高液壓破碎錘的沖擊能為目的,對(duì)其虛擬樣機(jī)模型的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。主要工作如下: (1)以多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論為參數(shù)化建模的基礎(chǔ),將在CATIA中建立的液壓破碎錘三維裝配模型導(dǎo)入ADAMS中,通過設(shè)定活塞和閥芯換向信號(hào)口的位置;建立反映系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)的測(cè)量;創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)的輸入變量和輸出變量,最終在ADAMS/View中建立了液壓破碎錘的參數(shù)化模型,為后續(xù)的仿真即優(yōu)化提供了匹配的樣機(jī)模型。 (2)在一定假設(shè)條件下,,建立了活塞和閥芯運(yùn)動(dòng)過程的數(shù)學(xué)模型,將活塞和閥芯的運(yùn)動(dòng)過程劃分為6個(gè)狀態(tài),并在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下建立其控制系統(tǒng)模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)液壓破碎錘系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合仿真。從仿真結(jié)果推算得出的性能參數(shù)與廠家提供的數(shù)據(jù)相近,說明模型的建立和控制的施加是可靠的,從而為液壓破碎錘系統(tǒng)的性能分析提供了一個(gè)理想的平臺(tái)。 (3)通過試驗(yàn)研究,測(cè)得系統(tǒng)在不同氮?dú)馐页跏級(jí)毫、不同系統(tǒng)輸入流量下的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),分析得到?jīng)_擊性能隨輸入?yún)?shù)不同的變化規(guī)律。在同樣的系統(tǒng)輸入下,將試驗(yàn)測(cè)得的氮?dú)馐覊毫突钊俣惹與液壓破碎錘虛擬樣機(jī)的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,證明了液壓破碎錘虛擬樣機(jī)模型建立的合理性。 (4)基于參數(shù)化分析方法,通過對(duì)液壓破碎錘虛擬樣機(jī)模型中活塞系統(tǒng)和換向閥芯系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)研究、試驗(yàn)研究和優(yōu)化分析,獲得一組最優(yōu)的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),減小了原樣機(jī)模型中活塞前后作用面積比和閥芯前后作用面積比,改變了活塞和閥芯換向信號(hào)口的位置,最終使得液壓破碎錘的沖擊能得到提高。 通過上述工作成功地將虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)引入到液壓破碎錘的研究與開發(fā)領(lǐng)域,不但具有理論意義,而且具有一定的實(shí)用價(jià)值。這將為液壓破碎錘的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)搭建一個(gè)良好的平臺(tái),為全面研究其理論、優(yōu)化其性能提供可靠的虛擬樣機(jī)模型。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic crushing hammer is a kind of crushing tool which converts hydraulic energy into mechanical impact energy. It uses liquid pressure to drive piston reciprocating to do work and output energy to work. With the development of infrastructure and energy transportation in China, the demand for hydraulic hammer is increasing day by day. Therefore, how to improve the product design method and improve the product performance is particularly important in today's society where the market competition is increasingly fierce. This paper takes a certain type of hydraulic crushing hammer as the research object, on the basis of summing up the domestic and foreign hydraulic crushing hammer simulation technology and optimization research scheme, adopts the technical route of combining computer simulation with test and test. In order to improve the impact energy of hydraulic crushing hammer, the structural parameters of its virtual prototype model are optimized. The main tasks are as follows: 1) based on the theory of multi-body dynamics, the three-dimensional assembly model of hydraulic crushing hammer established in CATIA is introduced into ADAMS, the position of piston and valve core commutative signal port is set up, and the measurement of system motion state is established. The input and output variables of the system are created, and the parameterized model of the hydraulic hammer is established in ADAMS/View, which provides a matching prototype model for the subsequent simulation. 2) under certain hypothetical conditions, the mathematical model of the motion process of piston and valve core is established. The motion process of piston and valve core is divided into six states, and its control system model is established under the environment of MATLAB/Simulink. On this basis, the hydraulic crushing hammer system is simulated. The calculated performance parameters from the simulation results are close to the data provided by the manufacturer, which shows that the establishment of the model and the application of control are reliable, thus providing an ideal platform for the performance analysis of the hydraulic crushing hammer system. 3) through the experimental study, the relative data of the system under different nitrogen chamber initial pressure and different system input flow rate are measured, and the law of impact performance varying with input parameters is obtained. Under the same system input, the simulation results of nitrogen chamber pressure and piston velocity measured by the test are compared with the simulation results of the hydraulic hammer virtual prototype, which proves the rationality of the establishment of the hydraulic crushing hammer virtual prototype model. Based on the parameterized analysis method, a set of optimal design parameters are obtained by studying the structural parameters of piston system and reversing valve core system in the virtual prototype model of hydraulic crushing hammer. The ratio of piston front and back area to valve core is reduced in the original prototype model, and the position of piston and valve core commutative signal port is changed, finally, the impact energy of hydraulic hammer is improved. The virtual prototyping technology has been successfully introduced into the research and development field of hydraulic crushing hammer through the above work, which is not only of theoretical significance, but also of certain practical value. This will set up a good platform for the product development of hydraulic hammer, and provide a reliable virtual prototype model for the comprehensive study of its theory and optimization of its performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2011
【分類號(hào)】:TH137.9

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