本文選題：創(chuàng)新價值鏈 + 創(chuàng)新效率　； 參考：《遼寧大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：技術創(chuàng)新是企業(yè)得以生存和發(fā)展的動力源泉，是產業(yè)、區(qū)域乃至國家競爭力提升的根本保證。在當前資源約束、能源約束、環(huán)境約束的背景下，沒有創(chuàng)新支撐的發(fā)展方式是不可持續(xù)的。創(chuàng)新活動是多主體參與，多投入、多產出、多階段的資源轉化過程。通過整合各種創(chuàng)新資源，實現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新思想的價值化，是創(chuàng)新的最終目標。然而，由于創(chuàng)新活動的復雜性，評價創(chuàng)新效率的方法和手段各異，導致不同的研究結果。結合我國大中型制造企業(yè)在國民經濟中的重要地位以及創(chuàng)新發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，很多問題需要我們繼續(xù)深入探討，例如創(chuàng)新的價值實現(xiàn)過程包含哪些主體？創(chuàng)新價值實現(xiàn)的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)有哪些？我國大力提倡科技創(chuàng)新背景下，創(chuàng)新投入與產出是否匹配？影響創(chuàng)新效率的因素有哪些？如何提升我國大中型制造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的整體效率和水平等等，都需要突破傳統(tǒng)研究進行深入探討。 創(chuàng)新價值鏈（IVC）理論是研究創(chuàng)新過程以及創(chuàng)新效率的有力工具，本文在前人研究基礎上，構建了全新的創(chuàng)新價值鏈模型，將創(chuàng)新的價值實現(xiàn)過程進一步的細化，有針對性的提出三次投入產出思想，并針對不同環(huán)節(jié)的投入產出，測量其創(chuàng)新效率與影響因素，從行業(yè)視角與區(qū)域視角分別對我國大中型制造企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新效率進行評價，并給出創(chuàng)新價值鏈從低效率型向高效率型延伸的不同模式，以及實現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新價值鏈延伸的保障措施，以此促進我國大中型制造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新效率的提升。具體研究內容主要包括： 第一，創(chuàng)新價值鏈理論模型的構建。借鑒前人研究基礎，結合大中型制造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新實際，構建了全新的創(chuàng)新價值鏈模式。新的創(chuàng)新價值鏈模型重點關注問題包括：（1）創(chuàng)新的利益相關者，不同創(chuàng)新參與主體，擁有不同的創(chuàng)新資源與創(chuàng)新動機，對創(chuàng)新效率有著重要的影響。（2）創(chuàng)新的投入和產出，本文從系統(tǒng)性、科學性、實用性、可行性等原則出發(fā)，將創(chuàng)新價值實現(xiàn)過程細分為三次投入產出，分別對應科技產出、物化產出、價值產出三個環(huán)節(jié)，研究結果更接近于現(xiàn)實，更有針對性。（3）創(chuàng)新價值實現(xiàn)的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)，，即影響三次投入產出的關鍵要素有哪些，文中分別用創(chuàng)新組織模式、科技成果物化與物化產出價值化等來描述。（4）創(chuàng)新價值鏈的類型，針對不同環(huán)節(jié)的創(chuàng)新效率高低情況進行劃分，將創(chuàng)新價值鏈劃分為一體化型、研發(fā)主導型、商業(yè)化主導型、研發(fā)和商業(yè)化主導型、生產制造主導型等，用以結合實證分析進行創(chuàng)新價值鏈的延伸模式選擇。 第二，創(chuàng)新價值鏈各環(huán)節(jié)效率的評價。創(chuàng)新的價值實現(xiàn)過程可以細分為三個階段，針對每一個階段的多投入、多產出特征，本文采用數據包絡分析（DEA）方法進行效率評價。針對不同環(huán)節(jié)的創(chuàng)新投入、產出特征，構建評價指標體系，數據均來自于《中國統(tǒng)計年鑒》、《中國科技統(tǒng)計年鑒》等官方統(tǒng)計資料。根據DEA分析結果，將我國大中型制造企業(yè)從行業(yè)視角和區(qū)域視角分別進一步劃分為不同創(chuàng)新價值鏈類型。最后，針對不同環(huán)節(jié)的創(chuàng)新效率情況，采用多元回歸分析方法以及超效率DEA（SE-DEA）模型，對影響創(chuàng)新效率的關鍵因素進行回歸分析，驗證影響因素與不同環(huán)節(jié)創(chuàng)新效率的相關性。 第三，創(chuàng)新價值鏈延伸模式選擇與保障措施。對我國大中型制造企業(yè)進行創(chuàng)新效率評價的目的，一方面了解現(xiàn)狀，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，另一方面就是針對問題，提供對策措施。實證分析結果給出了我國大中型制造企業(yè)行業(yè)視角和區(qū)域視角的創(chuàng)新效率現(xiàn)狀，并結合創(chuàng)新價值鏈理論模型進行了分類。針對不同環(huán)節(jié)的創(chuàng)新效率差異情況，需要進行創(chuàng)新價值鏈的延伸，即從低效率型向高效率型的轉化升級。最后，從不同角度提出了促進創(chuàng)新價值鏈的升級的對策措施，以此促進我國大中型制造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新效率的全面提升。 通過對我國大中型制造企業(yè)創(chuàng)新效率的評價，一方面對創(chuàng)新價值鏈的理論模型加以驗證，另一方面系統(tǒng)分析了我國大中型制造企業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與行業(yè)間、區(qū)域間的差異情況，找到影響創(chuàng)新效率的因素，為全面提升產業(yè)創(chuàng)新效率提供了參考性意見，具有較強的理論與實踐研究價值。
[Abstract]:Technological innovation is the source of power for the survival and development of the enterprise, the fundamental guarantee for the promotion of the competitiveness of the industry, the region and the country. In the context of current resource constraints, energy constraints and environmental constraints, the development mode without innovation support is unsustainable. Innovation activities are multi-agent participation, multi input, multi production, multi-stage resources. Through the integration of various innovative resources and the realization of the value of innovative ideas, it is the ultimate goal of innovation. However, because of the complexity of the innovation activities, the methods and means of evaluating the efficiency of innovation are different, which lead to different research results. The important position of the large and medium manufacturing enterprises in our country and the status of innovation and development are combined. Many problems need us to continue to explore, for example, what are the main elements of the process of innovation value realization? What are the key links in the realization of innovation value? In the context of our country's strong advocacy of scientific and technological innovation, what are the matching of innovation input and output? What are the factors affecting the efficiency of innovation and how to improve the innovation of large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China The overall efficiency and level, etc., need to be further explored through traditional research.
The innovation value chain (IVC) theory is a powerful tool to study the process of innovation and the efficiency of innovation. On the basis of previous studies, this paper builds a new model of innovation value chain, further refines the process of realizing the value realization of innovation, puts forward three input and output thoughts pertinent, and measures its innovation according to the input and output of different links. The efficiency and influence factors are evaluated from the perspective of industry and the regional perspective, and the different models of the innovative value chain extending from low efficiency to high efficiency are given, as well as the guarantee measures to extend the innovation value chain to promote the innovation efficiency of the large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China. The main contents of the study include:
First, the construction of the theoretical model of innovation value chain. Using the basis of previous research and combining the innovation practice of large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, a new model of innovation value chain is constructed. The new innovation value chain model focuses on the following problems: (1) the stakeholders of innovation, the different creative participants, and the different innovation resources and motivation, It has an important influence on the efficiency of innovation. (2) the input and output of innovation, from the principles of systematic, scientific, practical and feasible, this paper subdivides the process of realizing the realization of innovation value into three inputs and outputs, corresponding to the three links of science and technology output, materialized output and value output, and the results are more close to reality and more pertinent. (3) The key link of the realization of the innovation value, that is, what are the key elements that affect the three input and output, respectively, are described in the innovative organization model, the materialization of scientific and technological achievements and the value of materialized output. (4) the type of innovation value chain is divided into the innovation efficiency of different links, and the innovation value chain is divided into integration. Type, R & D leading, commercialized leading, R & D and commercialization leading, production and manufacturing leading type, and so on, in order to choose the extension mode of innovation value chain in combination with empirical analysis.
Second, the evaluation of the efficiency of each link in the innovation value chain. The process of innovation value realization can be divided into three stages. According to the multi input and multi output characteristics of each stage, this paper uses the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficiency. According to the results of DEA analysis, China's large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises are further divided into different types of innovation value chain from the industry perspective and the regional perspective. Finally, the multiple regression analysis method and the super efficiency D are adopted for the innovation efficiency of different links. EA (SE-DEA) model is used to conduct regression analysis on the key factors influencing innovation efficiency, and verify the correlation between influencing factors and innovation efficiency of different links.
Third, innovative value chain extension mode selection and guarantee measures. On the purpose of evaluating the efficiency of innovation efficiency of large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China, on the one hand, we know the current situation, find out the problems, and on the other hand, provide countermeasures against the problems. The results of the empirical analysis give the innovation effect of the industry perspective and the regional perspective of China's large and medium manufacturing enterprises. According to the difference of innovation efficiency in different links, we need to carry out the extension of innovation value chain, that is, the transformation and upgrading from low efficiency to high efficiency. Finally, from different angles, we put forward the countermeasures to promote the upgrading of innovation value chain from different angles, so as to promote the large and medium scale in China. The overall improvement of the innovation efficiency of the manufacturing enterprises.
Through the evaluation of the innovation efficiency of China's large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, on the one hand, the theoretical model of the innovation value chain is verified. On the other hand, the development status of the large and medium manufacturing enterprises in China and the differences between regions are analyzed, and the factors that affect the efficiency of innovation are found, which provides a reference for the overall improvement of the efficiency of industrial innovation. Sexual opinions have strong theoretical and practical research value.

【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F273.1;F426.4

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