本文選題：云制造 + 中小企業(yè)��； 參考：《南京理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造的快速發(fā)展以及越來(lái)越激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),為中小企業(yè)的生存帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。不同于集團(tuán)企業(yè),中小企業(yè)的研發(fā)能力較弱,制造能力受限較多,如何幫助中小企業(yè)在目前的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下獲得更大的發(fā)展空間,云制造這一先進(jìn)的制造模式為我們帶來(lái)了新的研究思路。本文通過(guò)介紹面向中小企業(yè)的云制造模式及其相關(guān)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究背景和意義,指出了云制造模式能幫助中小企業(yè)更快地實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造從而提高企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；通過(guò)分析目前國(guó)內(nèi)外針對(duì)云制造和傳統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化制造的研究現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)了目前關(guān)于中小企業(yè)云制造平臺(tái)應(yīng)用研究中尚存在的不足和局限性,并據(jù)此確定了本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (1)分析了面向中小企業(yè)的云制造模式的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn),提出了基于動(dòng)態(tài)聯(lián)盟的云制造應(yīng)用模式,給出了該模式下參與云制造的三個(gè)角色各自的職責(zé)和提供/獲得/管理制造服務(wù)的方法和步驟。搭建了基于動(dòng)態(tài)聯(lián)盟和資源共享的五層云制造平臺(tái)功能結(jié)構(gòu),針對(duì)每層進(jìn)行了功能介紹和模塊分析。建立了面向服務(wù)的基于ESB的集成架構(gòu)并對(duì)該架構(gòu)下實(shí)現(xiàn)功能的工具進(jìn)行了分析和選取,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了實(shí)現(xiàn)面向中小企業(yè)的云制造平臺(tái)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)體系。 (2)分析了云制造環(huán)境下云制造服務(wù)的屬性和特點(diǎn),對(duì)制造資源進(jìn)行了分類和形式化地描述,提出了一種基于動(dòng)態(tài)描述邏輯(Dynamic Description Logic, DDL)的云制造服務(wù)描述方法并且建立了一種基于動(dòng)態(tài)描述邏輯的匹配過(guò)程原子動(dòng)作理論——將云制造服務(wù)匹配過(guò)程視為一組存在邏輯關(guān)系的原子動(dòng)作集合,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了一種基于DDL的云制造服務(wù)匹配策略,給出了該策略下的匹配判定規(guī)則和算法。 (3)分析了云制造環(huán)境下制造服務(wù)的優(yōu)選需求和關(guān)鍵問題,建立了以組合服務(wù)QoS為依據(jù)的制造服務(wù)優(yōu)選方案和“基本QoS模型→關(guān)聯(lián)QoS模型→靜態(tài)組合QoS模型→動(dòng)態(tài)組合QoS模型→優(yōu)選模型→算法求解”的研究思路。在該研究思路指導(dǎo)下,利用統(tǒng)計(jì)邏輯關(guān)系這一新概念來(lái)描述制造服務(wù)之間存在的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,建立了基于統(tǒng)計(jì)邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)QoS模型；對(duì)QoS的更新機(jī)制進(jìn)行了研究,提出了基于企業(yè)自主更新和歷史數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)加權(quán)求和的更新方法,引入了更新參數(shù)τ用以控制歷史數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)的影響程度,并最終建立了動(dòng)態(tài)QoS模型。最后,對(duì)基于動(dòng)態(tài)組合QoS的制造服務(wù)優(yōu)選問題進(jìn)行了形式化描述和數(shù)學(xué)建模,并采用粒子群算法對(duì)優(yōu)選問題進(jìn)行了求解和驗(yàn)證。 (4)基于云制造平臺(tái)中可能出現(xiàn)多任務(wù)并行制造的情況,建立了以案例為導(dǎo)向的云制造服務(wù)配置思路,通過(guò)分析案例導(dǎo)向的云制造服務(wù)配置特點(diǎn)提出了基于制造能力負(fù)載均衡的云制造服務(wù)配置方法。該方法的核心思想可以概括為：以多案例協(xié)同進(jìn)行為前提、以制造案例為導(dǎo)向、以制造云服務(wù)使用狀態(tài)監(jiān)控為主線,以制造能力為衡量手段,以相同制造能力負(fù)載均衡為目標(biāo),最終實(shí)現(xiàn)擁有同質(zhì)制造能力的云制造服務(wù)提供商能夠最大程度上獲利均衡。作為對(duì)配置過(guò)程的支持,形式化地描述了案例執(zhí)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)控過(guò)程,并提出了一種新的描述方法——調(diào)整域△,利用△確定制造能力沖突位置和具體表現(xiàn)。在進(jìn)行制造能力沖突消解的過(guò)程中,考慮到云制造服務(wù)獨(dú)占性和地理分布性的特點(diǎn)提出了制造地域隸屬度的概念,建立了基于制造地域隸屬度的制造能力消解方法,給出了該方法實(shí)現(xiàn)的步驟。最后給出了基于制造能力負(fù)載均衡的云制造服務(wù)配置方法的數(shù)學(xué)模型,建立了問題求解的若干假設(shè)、目標(biāo)函數(shù)和約束條件,并用實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了本章方法的正確性和可行性。 (5)通過(guò)對(duì)云制造環(huán)境下制造服務(wù)交易過(guò)程的分析建立了基于多屬性協(xié)商的云制造服務(wù)交易方法,多屬性協(xié)商考慮了云制造服務(wù)交易過(guò)程中表現(xiàn)出的動(dòng)態(tài)性、高分布性、復(fù)雜性和自治性,并且協(xié)商交易符合中小企業(yè)實(shí)際交易需求和交易中遵循的低價(jià)高利潤(rùn)的原則。建立基于多屬性協(xié)商的交易模型時(shí)首先針對(duì)多屬性協(xié)商進(jìn)行研究,建立了衡量不同屬性表現(xiàn)的效用函數(shù)U(x),利用U(x)建立了基于同步讓步的云服務(wù)協(xié)商策略,包括協(xié)商提議的確定與駁回,可接受區(qū)域、可協(xié)商區(qū)域和駁回區(qū)域的確定,基于時(shí)間的讓步策略模型的建立。在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了基于多屬性協(xié)商的云制造服務(wù)交易方法的操作步驟。 (6)根據(jù)論文的研究成果搭建了面向鍛造行業(yè)的云制造服務(wù)平臺(tái)原型系統(tǒng),介紹了平臺(tái)所使用的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境和工具,向讀者介紹了原型系統(tǒng)各模塊的原理和實(shí)現(xiàn)功能。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of network manufacturing and the increasingly fierce market competition, is a big challenge for the survival of small and medium enterprises. Different from the enterprise group, the small and medium-sized enterprise development ability is weak, more manufacturing capacity is limited, how to help small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain greater development space in the current market environment, which is an advanced cloud manufacturing has brought us new research ideas. This paper introduces the SME oriented cloud manufacturing mode and its related key technology research background and significance, points out the cloud manufacturing mode can help small and medium-sized enterprises quickly realize the networked manufacturing so as to improve the competitiveness of enterprises; through the analysis of the current domestic and foreign research status for cloud manufacturing and the traditional networked manufacturing, is summarized on the shortcomings and limitations of existing small and medium-sized enterprise cloud manufacturing platform application, and based on it The main contents of this paper are as follows:
(1) analyzes the application characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises oriented cloud manufacturing mode, puts forward the application mode of dynamic alliance based on cloud manufacturing, the mode of participation in the three roles of cloud manufacturing their respective responsibilities and provide the methods and steps of obtaining / management / manufacturing service platform. The function structure and manufacturing dynamic alliance the sharing of resources based on cloud five, for each layer are analyzed and established. The function module of service oriented integration architecture based on ESB and the realization of the function architecture of the tool are analyzed and selected, on the basis of establishing the key technology system for small and medium-sized enterprises of cloud manufacturing platform.
(2) analyzed the properties and characteristics of cloud manufacturing services in cloud manufacturing environment, the manufacturing resources are described to the classification and form a dynamic description logic is proposed based on the (Dynamic Description Logic, DDL) of the cloud manufacturing service description and established a method based on dynamic description logic, atomic process the action theory of cloud manufacturing service matching process will be viewed as a group of logically atomic actions, on the basis of the establishment of a DDL cloud service matching strategy based on the strategy of matching decision rules and algorithms.
(3) analysis of the cloud manufacturing environment preferred service requirements and key problems, to establish a composite service QoS for manufacturing service based optimization scheme and the basic QoS model, QoS model, QoS model, static model and dynamic combination of QoS algorithm to solve the optimization model, the research ideas in this study. Under the guidance of the new concept of statistical logic to describe the relationship between the existence of manufacturing services, has been set up between QoS statistical model based on logical relation; update mechanism of QoS is studied, put forward the method to update the enterprise independent update and historical data based on statistical weighted sum, introduces update parameters in order to control the degree of impact on the historical data of the actual data, and eventually established a dynamic QoS model. Finally, the optimization of manufacturing service dynamic composition based on QoS were formalized The description and mathematical modeling are described, and the particle swarm optimization is used to solve and verify the optimization problem.
(4) multi task parallel manufacturing may cloud manufacturing platform is established based on case oriented cloud manufacturing service configuration idea, manufacturing service configuration characteristics of the load balancing based on manufacturing capabilities of cloud manufacturing service configuration method through the analysis of the case oriented cloud. The core idea of this method can be summarized as: multiple case coordination is the premise to make case oriented to manufacturing cloud service using state monitoring as the main line, with manufacturing capacity for the measure, in the same manufacturing capacity load balance as the goal, and ultimately have homogeneous manufacturing capabilities of cloud manufacturing service providers to maximize profit equilibrium. As the process of configuration support the formal description of the case, the execution state monitoring process, and puts forward a new method to describe the domain to adjust Delta manufacturing capacity, determine the conflict position using the Delta And the specific performance. In the process of manufacturing capacity for conflict resolution, considering the characteristics of cloud manufacturing service exclusive and geographical distribution of regional manufacturing put forward the concept of membership degree, established the digestion method of manufacturing capacity manufacturing region based on the membership degree, the method is given to realize the procedure. Finally, a mathematical model based on manufacturing load balance of cloud manufacturing service configuration method are established, some assumptions of problem solving, objective function and constraints, and the correctness and feasibility of the method is proved by the example.
(5) through the analysis of cloud manufacturing environment service transaction process establishes a multi attribute negotiation of cloud manufacturing service transaction method based on multi-attribute negotiation considering the dynamic performance of cloud manufacturing service transaction process, high distribution, complexity and autonomy, and negotiation deal with high profit and low price to follow the actual transaction demand and trading principles. Establish transaction model based on multi attribute negotiation first for multi-attribute negotiation research, establishes the utility function U to measure different attribute performance (x), using U (x) established a cloud service negotiation strategy based on synchronous concession negotiation, including the determination and rejected the acceptable, region, regional and regional consultations rejected to determine the establishment of concession strategy model based on time. Based on the multi attribute negotiation based on cloud manufacturing service transaction method Operation steps.
(6) according to the research results, a prototype system of cloud manufacturing service platform for forging industry is built. The integrated development environment and tools used by the platform are introduced, and the principles and implementation functions of each module of the prototype system are introduced to readers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH166;TP393.09

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