本文選題：氣動(dòng)　切入點(diǎn)：比例閥　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)已在自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而，電氣比例壓力閥作為氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中最常見的控制閥，其穩(wěn)態(tài)精度和分辨率是影響氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)控制精度的主要因素之一。超聲電機(jī)作為一種精密的驅(qū)動(dòng)器，已被廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。本文提出采用一種貼片式彎曲振動(dòng)模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)作為噴嘴擋板式先導(dǎo)型電氣比例壓力閥的驅(qū)動(dòng)器，，以求提高現(xiàn)有電氣比例壓力閥的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度和分辨率。 本文通過建立貼片式彎振模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)的質(zhì)點(diǎn)軌跡方程，給出了該類型超聲電機(jī)端面的運(yùn)動(dòng)行波，進(jìn)而解釋了該類型超聲電機(jī)的運(yùn)行機(jī)理。通過推導(dǎo)定子的力系數(shù)公式，研究了壓電片的貼片位置、貼片長(zhǎng)度對(duì)電機(jī)輸出特性的影響，并對(duì)結(jié)論進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證。并研究了利用一階振動(dòng)模態(tài)與利用二階振動(dòng)模態(tài)對(duì)電機(jī)輸出力的影響。 設(shè)計(jì)了基于一階彎振模態(tài)和二階彎振模態(tài)的貼片式超聲電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸，利用ANSYS有限元方法對(duì)兩種超聲電機(jī)進(jìn)行了模態(tài)、諧響應(yīng)和瞬態(tài)分析。研制出了一階電機(jī)和二階電機(jī)，搭建了測(cè)控試驗(yàn)臺(tái)，對(duì)兩種電機(jī)的基本特性進(jìn)行了測(cè)試并作出了對(duì)比分析。并完成了超聲電機(jī)的位置伺服控制，對(duì)其位置方波跟蹤和正弦跟蹤進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。 給出了電氣比例壓力閥的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，闡述了其工作原理，對(duì)噴嘴擋板閥結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。通過建立超聲電機(jī)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型、主閥的質(zhì)量流量方程、質(zhì)量流量連續(xù)性方程和閥芯力平衡方程，在Matlab/Simulink中建立了電氣比例閥的仿真模型。最后對(duì)其進(jìn)行了開環(huán)特性和閉環(huán)特性的仿真分析，并討論了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)電氣比例閥基本特性的影響。 創(chuàng)建了閥樣機(jī)的測(cè)控系統(tǒng)，測(cè)試了閥樣機(jī)的開環(huán)和閉環(huán)特性。開環(huán)特性包括超聲電機(jī)輸出位移與閥輸出壓力的關(guān)系和開環(huán)控制下的壓力階躍響應(yīng)。電氣比例閥的閉環(huán)試驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果為，樣機(jī)的線性度±0.40%，穩(wěn)態(tài)精度0.33%，遲滯±0.40%，0.2MPa階躍響應(yīng)時(shí)間為0.40s。與同類別的ITV3050電氣比例閥相比，該閥的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度提高了約75%，分辨率提高了約28%。
[Abstract]:Pneumatic system has been widely used in automatic production. However, electrical proportional pressure valve is the most common control valve in pneumatic system. The steady-state precision and resolution are one of the main factors that affect the control accuracy of pneumatic system. It has been widely used in many fields. In this paper, a new type of ultrasonic motor is proposed to be used as the actuator of nozzle baffle pilot type electrical proportional pressure valve. In order to improve the existing electrical proportional pressure valve steady state accuracy and resolution. In this paper, by establishing the particle trajectory equation of the ultrasonic motor with laminated flexural vibration mode, the moving traveling waves on the end face of the ultrasonic motor are given, and the operating mechanism of the ultrasonic motor is explained, and the force coefficient formula of the stator is deduced. The effect of the position and length of the piezoelectric patch on the output characteristics of the motor is studied, and the results are verified by simulation, and the effects of the first-order vibration mode and the second-order vibration mode on the output force of the motor are studied. The structural dimensions of the laminated ultrasonic motor based on the first and second order bending vibration modes are designed. The modal, harmonic response and transient analysis of the two ultrasonic motors are carried out by using the ANSYS finite element method. The first and second order motors are developed. The basic characteristics of the two kinds of motors are tested and compared, and the position servo control of ultrasonic motor is completed, and the position square wave tracking and sinusoidal tracking are tested. The integral structure of electric proportional pressure valve is given, its working principle is expounded, and the structural size of nozzle baffle valve is designed. By establishing the dynamic model of ultrasonic motor, the mass flow equation of main valve is established. Mass flow continuity equation and spool force balance equation are used to establish the simulation model of electrical proportional valve in Matlab/Simulink. Finally, the open loop and closed loop characteristics of the valve are simulated and analyzed. The influence of structural parameters on the basic characteristics of electrical proportional valve is also discussed. The control system of the valve prototype is created. The open-loop and closed-loop characteristics of the valve prototype are tested. The open-loop characteristics include the relationship between the output displacement of ultrasonic motor and the output pressure of the valve and the pressure step response under open-loop control. The closed-loop test results of the electrical proportional valve are as follows:. The linearity of the prototype is 鹵0.40, the steady-state accuracy is 0.33 and the hysteresis 鹵0.40mpa step response time is 0.40s.Compared with the ITV3050 electrical proportional valve of the same class, the steady-state precision of the valve is increased by about 75 and the resolution is increased by about 28g.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH138.5;TM359.9

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