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  本文選題：柔性桿　切入點(diǎn)：對(duì)接碰撞　出處：《國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：柔性桿應(yīng)用于桿-錐式對(duì)接碰撞過程屬于柔性多體動(dòng)力學(xué)問題,其中還涉及到比較復(fù)雜的碰撞瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)研究,因此具有較大的研究難度。迄今,柔性多體碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)問題研究仍停留在研究的初級(jí)階段,深入研究工作具有較大的挑戰(zhàn)性。 本文以含斜碰撞的柔性多體動(dòng)力學(xué)系統(tǒng)作為研究對(duì)象,采用理論建模、仿真計(jì)算和地面原理實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法,通過對(duì)柔性桿對(duì)接碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)過程建立理論模型,對(duì)柔性桿碰撞過程中的頻率特性及振動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行仿真分析,對(duì)空間桿-錐式對(duì)接機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)接過程進(jìn)行地面實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M等研究,較全面地揭示了柔性桿應(yīng)用于桿-錐式對(duì)接碰撞過程中所涉及的復(fù)雜非線性動(dòng)力學(xué)行為。論文主要研究內(nèi)容及學(xué)術(shù)貢獻(xiàn)如下: (1)柔性桿對(duì)接碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)過程建模方面,采用Lagrange分析力學(xué)方法來解決其中涉及的多體動(dòng)力學(xué)問題,利用模態(tài)疊加法來對(duì)碰撞過程中柔性桿的變形進(jìn)行描述,利用Hertz點(diǎn)-面接觸模型來解決碰撞力求解問題,最終得到了可以合理描述柔性桿對(duì)接過程首次碰撞的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。 (2)柔性桿對(duì)接碰撞過程有限元建模及動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析方面,通過對(duì)仿真結(jié)果的時(shí)/頻域分析,找出了柔性桿碰撞頻率特性與柔性桿振動(dòng)模態(tài)之間的關(guān)系;通過有限元方法與理論模型輸出結(jié)果的比較分析,驗(yàn)證了理論模型在描述首次碰撞問題上的正確性;通過改變?nèi)嵝詶U彈性模量,得到了碰撞力峰值、碰撞持續(xù)時(shí)間與碰撞過程沖量隨彈性模量的對(duì)數(shù)關(guān)系。 (3)基于桿-錐式對(duì)接機(jī)構(gòu)的地面碰撞實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方面,給出了地面碰撞實(shí)驗(yàn)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案,其中包括實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的組成、實(shí)驗(yàn)流程、實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)及相關(guān)器件設(shè)計(jì);通過仿真建模分析,對(duì)加速度傳感器的選擇方法進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的介紹;給出了利用加速度傳感器測(cè)量對(duì)接碰撞力的測(cè)量方法及數(shù)據(jù)處理方法;通過對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的分析,一方面驗(yàn)證了實(shí)驗(yàn)方法的合理性,另一方面也驗(yàn)證了理論模型在描述首次碰撞問題上的正確性。 (4)柔性桿結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方面,在柔性桿對(duì)接碰撞理論模型基礎(chǔ)上開展相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化工作,采用遺傳算法得到一種對(duì)接桿的優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu),通過有限元方法將普通直線對(duì)接桿與經(jīng)過結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化對(duì)接桿的緩沖性能進(jìn)行了比較分析,驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化結(jié)果的有效性。通過大膽假設(shè),探討了兩種大變形對(duì)接桿的緩沖性能,其中有效結(jié)合了Pro/E與MSC.Patran/Dytran兩種軟件相互之間的優(yōu)點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)兩種復(fù)雜對(duì)接桿模型的建模與有限元瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,通過仿真結(jié)果比較了大變形桿與普通直桿緩沖性能之間的差異,得到了一些很有價(jià)值的結(jié)論。在這些結(jié)論的指導(dǎo)下,設(shè)計(jì)出彈簧-軟質(zhì)桿組合結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)接桿,并且通過地面碰撞實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法驗(yàn)證了組合對(duì)接桿與普通軟質(zhì)直桿之間的性能差異。
[Abstract]:The flexible rod applied in the rod-cone docking collision process belongs to the flexible multi-body dynamics problem, which also involves the relatively complex research of the collision transient dynamics, so it is difficult to study. The study of flexible multi-body collision dynamics is still in the primary stage, and the further research work is challenging. In this paper, the flexible multi-body dynamics system with oblique impact is taken as the research object. The theoretical model of the flexible rod docking collision dynamic process is established by using the method of theoretical modeling, simulation calculation and ground principle experiment. The frequency and vibration characteristics of flexible rod collision are simulated and analyzed, and the ground experiment simulation of the docking process of space rod-cone docking mechanism is carried out. The complex nonlinear dynamic behavior involved in the application of flexible rod in the rod-cone docking collision process is fully revealed. The main research contents and academic contributions in this paper are as follows:. 1) in the aspect of modeling the dynamic process of flexible rod docking and collision, Lagrange analytical mechanics method is used to solve the multi-body dynamics problem involved, and the modal superposition method is used to describe the deformation of flexible rod during the collision process. The Hertz point-surface contact model is used to solve the collision problem. Finally, a dynamic model which can reasonably describe the first collision of flexible rod docking process is obtained. 2) in the aspect of finite element modeling and dynamic simulation analysis of flexible rod docking collision process, the relationship between the frequency characteristic of flexible rod collision and the vibration mode of flexible rod is found out by analyzing the simulation results in time / frequency domain. The correctness of the theoretical model in describing the first impact problem is verified by comparing the output results of the finite element method and the theoretical model, and the peak value of the impact force is obtained by changing the elastic modulus of the flexible rod. The logarithmic relationship between impact duration and impulse of collision process with elastic modulus. 3) the overall design scheme of the ground impact experiment system based on the rod-cone docking mechanism is presented, which includes the composition of the experimental system, the experimental flow, the experimental prototype and the design of the related devices. Through simulation modeling and analysis, the selection method of acceleration sensor is introduced in detail, and the measuring method and data processing method of using acceleration sensor to measure docking collision force are given. On the one hand, the rationality of the experimental method is verified, on the other hand, the correctness of the theoretical model in describing the first collision problem is also verified. In the aspect of flexible rod structure design, the related structural optimization work is carried out on the basis of flexible rod docking collision theory model, and a kind of optimal structure of docking rod is obtained by genetic algorithm. Through finite element method, the buffering performance of ordinary straight docking rod and structural optimized butt rod is compared and analyzed, and the effectiveness of the optimization result is verified. The buffering performance of two kinds of large deformation docking rod is discussed through bold assumptions. Combining the advantages of Pro/E and MSC.Patran/Dytran software effectively, the modeling and finite element transient dynamics simulation of two kinds of complex docking rod models are realized. Through the simulation results, the difference between the buffering performance of large deformable rod and ordinary straight rod is compared, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. Under the guidance of these conclusions, the spring and soft bar combination structure docking rod is designed. The performance difference between the combined butt rod and the ordinary soft straight rod is verified by the ground impact test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH113

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