本文選題：軸向磁軸承　切入點(diǎn)：不完全微分PID控制　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：主動(dòng)磁軸承是一種利用電磁力將轉(zhuǎn)子懸浮起來的支撐部件。相比其他軸承,具有無機(jī)械接觸、振動(dòng)幅度小等特點(diǎn)。在航空航天、能源交通、超高速精密加工等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。由于應(yīng)用場合的要求,主動(dòng)磁軸承在控制方面依然存在不足。在理想環(huán)境下,傳統(tǒng)PID控制能夠取得較好的控制效果。當(dāng)環(huán)境干擾嚴(yán)重時(shí),傳統(tǒng)PID的控制效果就會(huì)變差。針對(duì)這種情況,本文引入改進(jìn)的不完全微分PID算法來進(jìn)行控制器設(shè)計(jì)。 論文首先介紹了磁浮軸承的特點(diǎn)、國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及其發(fā)展趨勢。以立式電機(jī)的軸向電磁軸承為研究對(duì)象,論文進(jìn)行了功率放大器和控制芯片外圍電路設(shè)計(jì)。論文建立了電磁軸承軸向的數(shù)學(xué)模型,介紹了幾種傳統(tǒng)的不完全微分PID控制算法。為了改善系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)的控制效果,論文引入了改進(jìn)不完全微分PID控制算法和該算法的改進(jìn)數(shù)字算法,進(jìn)行了理論推導(dǎo),進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)算法與傳統(tǒng)PID、傳統(tǒng)不完全微分PID算法的仿真效果對(duì)比。為了改善系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)的控制效果,論文引入了重置PID,給出了重置算法實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟。論文設(shè)計(jì)了控制系統(tǒng)軟件,進(jìn)行了傳統(tǒng)PID算法、不完全微分PID算法的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn),并進(jìn)行了重置PID控制算法驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)。 論文實(shí)現(xiàn)了立式電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子軸向的穩(wěn)定懸浮,穩(wěn)態(tài)懸浮精度為50um,階躍響應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間為0.3s,超調(diào)小于1%,結(jié)果證明本文所引入的算法是有效的。
[Abstract]:Active magnetic bearing (AMB) is a kind of supporting component which uses electromagnetic force to suspend the rotor. Compared with other bearings, it has the characteristics of no mechanical contact, small vibration amplitude, etc. In aerospace, energy transportation, Ultra-high speed precision machining and other fields have a broad application prospects. Due to the requirements of the application, active magnetic bearings are still inadequate in control. The traditional PID control can obtain better control effect. When the environment disturbance is serious, the control effect of the traditional PID will become worse. In this paper, an improved incomplete differential PID algorithm is introduced to design the controller. Firstly, the paper introduces the characteristics of maglev bearing, the development situation and development trend at home and abroad, taking the axial active magnetic bearing of vertical motor as the research object. The paper designs the power amplifier and the peripheral circuit of the control chip, establishes the mathematical model of the axial direction of the electromagnetic bearing, introduces several traditional incomplete differential PID control algorithms, in order to improve the control effect of the steady state of the system, In this paper, the improved incomplete differential PID control algorithm and the improved digital algorithm are introduced, and the theoretical derivation is given. In order to improve the dynamic control effect of the system, the resetting algorithm is introduced, and the realization steps of the reset algorithm are given. The software of the control system is designed, and the simulation results of the improved algorithm are compared with that of the traditional PID algorithm and the traditional incomplete differential PID algorithm, in order to improve the dynamic control effect of the system, the resetting algorithm is introduced. The contrast experiments of traditional PID algorithm, incomplete differential PID algorithm and reset PID control algorithm are carried out. In this paper, the axial suspension of the rotor of vertical motor is realized. The steady state suspension accuracy is 50 umum, the step response adjustment time is 0.3 s, and the overshoot is less than 1. The results show that the algorithm introduced in this paper is effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.3;TP273

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本文編號(hào)：1600853