本文選題：離心壓縮機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)子穩(wěn)定性　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著離心壓縮機(jī)的壓力、功率及轉(zhuǎn)速的升高，，轉(zhuǎn)子穩(wěn)定性問題變得越來越突出，壓縮機(jī)失穩(wěn)案例時(shí)有發(fā)生，而且失穩(wěn)故障一旦出現(xiàn)，往往都會(huì)給離心壓縮機(jī)用戶帶來嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此，如何在設(shè)計(jì)及工廠試車過程中識(shí)別工作狀態(tài)下轉(zhuǎn)子的穩(wěn)定性，如何在機(jī)組運(yùn)行過程中診斷出失穩(wěn)故障成為了工業(yè)企業(yè)界亟待解決的問題。本文通過研究轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的阻尼識(shí)別方法來實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)離心壓縮機(jī)的穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)。同時(shí)，結(jié)合失穩(wěn)故障特征開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)了一套低頻振動(dòng)識(shí)別與失穩(wěn)診斷系統(tǒng)來識(shí)別潛在的失穩(wěn)故障。本文的主要工作有： 1、在基于正弦掃頻激勵(lì)響應(yīng)的半功率點(diǎn)法的基礎(chǔ)上，利用主動(dòng)電磁軸承施加兩個(gè)正交的同步正弦力，構(gòu)造了與轉(zhuǎn)速同向的旋轉(zhuǎn)掃頻力，形成了一個(gè)正進(jìn)動(dòng)掃頻旋轉(zhuǎn)激勵(lì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于正進(jìn)動(dòng)掃頻旋轉(zhuǎn)激勵(lì)響應(yīng)的半功率點(diǎn)法來識(shí)別轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的一階正進(jìn)動(dòng)阻尼，并通過理論、仿真、實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性和正確性； 2、從理論建模、數(shù)值仿真以及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的角度出發(fā)，研究了基于BAR模型的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)阻尼識(shí)別方法，通過奇異值分解和Z域單位圓的方法來區(qū)別真實(shí)模態(tài)和噪聲模態(tài)，引入去噪閾值來進(jìn)一步降低噪聲對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響，基本上完整地確立了該方法的理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)體系，為進(jìn)一步研究應(yīng)用該方法奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)； 3、對(duì)失穩(wěn)故障診斷方法進(jìn)行了研究，最終形成了以振動(dòng)特征診斷為主、Fulton失穩(wěn)診斷為輔的失穩(wěn)故障診斷方法，兩者相互補(bǔ)充，提高了失穩(wěn)診斷的可靠性； 4、根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，完成了低頻振動(dòng)識(shí)別與失穩(wěn)診斷系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)，在多次工程實(shí)際應(yīng)用中驗(yàn)證了該系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、可靠性和實(shí)用性，說明了該系統(tǒng)完全適用于工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)以及實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境下的多種靈活多變的數(shù)據(jù)采集任務(wù)，同時(shí)以某失穩(wěn)的合成氣壓縮機(jī)驗(yàn)證了失穩(wěn)診斷功能。
[Abstract]:With the increase of pressure, power and speed of centrifugal compressor, the problem of rotor stability becomes more and more prominent. It often brings serious economic losses to centrifugal compressor users. Therefore, how to identify the rotor stability during the design and operation of the plant, How to diagnose the unstable fault during the operation of the unit has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industrial circles. In this paper, the damping identification method of the rotor system is studied to evaluate the stability of the centrifugal compressor. A set of low frequency vibration identification and instability diagnosis system is designed to identify the potential instability fault. The main work of this paper is as follows:. 1. On the basis of half-power point method based on the response of sinusoidal sweep frequency excitation, two orthogonal synchronous sinusoidal forces are applied to the active magnetic bearing, and a rotating frequency sweep force with the same direction as the rotational speed is constructed, and a positive precession sweep frequency rotating excitation is formed. The half-power point method based on forward precession sweep rotation excitation response is realized to identify the first-order positive precession damping of the rotor system. The feasibility and correctness of the method are verified by theory and simulation. 2. From the point of view of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental research, the damping identification method of rotor system based on BAR model is studied. The real mode and noise mode are distinguished by singular value decomposition and unit circle in Z domain. In order to reduce the effect of noise on the experimental results, the theoretical and experimental system of the method is established completely, which lays a good foundation for further research and application of the method. 3. The method of instability fault diagnosis is studied, and finally a fault diagnosis method, which is supplemented by Fulton instability diagnosis based on vibration characteristic diagnosis, is formed. The two methods complement each other and improve the reliability of instability diagnosis. 4. According to the actual needs, the low frequency vibration identification and instability diagnosis system has been developed, and the stability, reliability and practicability of the system have been verified in many practical engineering applications. It is shown that the system is fully applicable to various flexible and changeable data acquisition tasks in the industrial field and the experimental environment. At the same time, the function of instability diagnosis is verified by a certain unstable syngas compressor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH452

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