沖擊負載下氣缸性能測試平臺的研究與實現(xiàn)
本文選題:氣缸 切入點:沖擊負載 出處:《電子科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:氣缸作為氣動系統(tǒng)中主要的執(zhí)行元件,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、制造成本低、可靠性高、運動速度可調(diào)等一系列優(yōu)點,廣泛應(yīng)用于自動化生產(chǎn)線上,驅(qū)動工件的裝卸、搬運、加緊、定位、進給等操作,實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)的自動化。 氣缸驅(qū)動負載運動時,當氣缸活塞運動速度很大或緩沖失效時,每次活塞運行到行程終端,都會對缸蓋施加一個作用時間很短、絕對值很大的沖擊力,這樣的負載稱為沖擊負載。在氣動自動化生產(chǎn)線上,為了提高生產(chǎn)效率、降低生產(chǎn)成本,大多數(shù)氣缸的運行速度大、使用時間長,氣缸所帶的負載很多都是沖擊負載。沖擊負載下氣缸性能的高低決定了氣缸的使用壽命和使用場合,是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中選擇氣缸的重要依據(jù)。所以設(shè)計一個試驗平臺,用以測試沖擊負載下氣缸的性能參數(shù),研究各種因素對沖擊負載下氣缸性能的影響,就顯得十分有意義。 本文首先從氣動技術(shù)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢談起,介紹了課題的來源和研究意義,明確了研究內(nèi)容。接著介紹了試驗氣缸的結(jié)構(gòu),討論了氣缸的主要性能。然后重點研究了沖擊負載下氣缸的性能與參數(shù),并對這些性能與參數(shù)的測量方法進行了研究。 在進行具體的平臺搭建前,首先對影響沖擊負載下氣缸性能的因素——負載、頻率、供氣壓力進行了討論,確定了試驗方案。在這些準備工作完成后,進行了測試平臺的硬件系統(tǒng)搭建,主要包括:氣缸安裝平臺、氣動回路、電氣控制三大部分的設(shè)計和具體搭建。接著對測試平臺的軟件進行設(shè)計,主要包括PLC梯形圖設(shè)計和人機界面的編程設(shè)計。同時對測試平臺中最重要的測試元件之一的IL300高精度位移傳感器的應(yīng)用進行了研究。 在平臺硬件、軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計搭建完成后,對測試平臺進行了調(diào)試。設(shè)計出的沖擊負載下氣缸的性能測試平臺能夠穩(wěn)定的運行,并準確測量所關(guān)心的性能與參數(shù)。最后,按照制定的試驗方案,對沖擊負載下氣缸性能的具體測試步驟進行了介紹,列舉出試驗測試結(jié)果,分析試驗數(shù)據(jù),得出了試驗結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:As the main actuator in pneumatic system, the cylinder has a series of advantages, such as simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high reliability, adjustable motion speed and so on. It is widely used in automatic production line, driving the loading and unloading of workpiece, handling, tightening, etc. Position, feed and other operations to achieve production automation. When the cylinder drives the load movement, when the cylinder piston moves very fast or the buffer fails, every time the piston runs to the stroke terminal, it exerts an impact force on the cylinder head which has a very short action time and a great absolute value. Such a load is called a shock load. In a pneumatic automation production line, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, most cylinders run faster and longer. Many of the loads brought by the cylinders are shock loads. The performance of the cylinders under the impact load determines the service life and use situation of the cylinders, and is an important basis for the selection of cylinders in industrial production. Therefore, a test platform is designed. It is of great significance to test the performance parameters of cylinder under impact load and to study the influence of various factors on the performance of cylinder under impact load. This paper begins with the application and development trend of pneumatic technology, introduces the source and significance of the subject, and clarifies the contents of the research, and then introduces the structure of the experimental cylinder. The main performance of the cylinder is discussed, and then the performance and parameters of the cylinder under impact load are studied, and the measurement methods of these properties and parameters are studied. Before the concrete platform is built, the factors that affect the cylinder performance under impact load are discussed, such as load, frequency, gas supply pressure, and the test scheme is determined. The hardware system of the test platform is built, which includes three parts: cylinder installation platform, pneumatic loop and electrical control. Then, the software of the test platform is designed. It mainly includes the design of PLC ladder diagram and the programming of man-machine interface, and the application of IL300 high-precision displacement sensor, one of the most important test components in the test platform, is also studied. After the hardware and software system design is completed, the test platform is debugged. The designed performance test platform can run stably under impact load, and accurately measure the concerned performance and parameters. Finally, According to the test plan, the concrete test steps of cylinder performance under impact load are introduced, the test results are listed, the test data are analyzed, and the test conclusions are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:TH138.51
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