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  本文選題：比例電磁鐵　切入點：開關(guān)電磁鐵　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：比例電磁閥與開關(guān)電磁閥作為重要的液壓控制元件,廣泛應(yīng)用于液壓控制領(lǐng)域的各個方面。近年來,隨著科技的發(fā)展,提高和優(yōu)化電磁閥的特性對推動液壓領(lǐng)域技術(shù)進步具有重要意義。作為電磁閥重要組成部分之一的閥用電-機械轉(zhuǎn)換器,其性能的優(yōu)劣很大程度上決定了電磁閥性能的好壞,因此改善電磁閥用電機械轉(zhuǎn)換器的輸出性能,具有重要的理論意義與實用價值。 本文從閥用單電磁鐵輸出特性及其控制系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā),深入研究閥用電磁鐵,主要研究通過信號校正和參數(shù)辨識來改善兩種閥用電磁鐵的輸出特性,并設(shè)計了相應(yīng)的算法。 采用電磁數(shù)學(xué)模型和有限元法研究了閥用電磁鐵特性,分析了閥用電磁鐵的電磁參數(shù)關(guān)系,建立了電磁鐵數(shù)學(xué)模型,研究了閥用電磁鐵采用不同幾何設(shè)計隔磁環(huán)時磁鏈、電磁力和電感與輸入電流信號和位移的變化規(guī)律；針對電磁鐵輸出力特性比較陡峭的問題,探討了特殊盆型極靴的磁路解析方程,分析了極靴參數(shù)對輸出電磁力的影響,理論分析表明該方法可以改善電磁鐵輸出力的恒力特性。 針對閥用電磁鐵輸出力特性的磁滯和非線性問題,提出了基于電壓信號補償改善電磁力的控制策略,理論分析了該方法的可行性以及實現(xiàn)原理,采用雙線性插值算法對開關(guān)電磁鐵進行電壓補償,改善了鐵磁材料引起的電磁鐵輸出力的滯環(huán),在有效行程范圍拉平輸出電磁力,并在搭建的電磁鐵試驗系統(tǒng)平臺上進行了試驗驗證。對比例電磁鐵也進行了針對電磁力磁滯的電壓信號校正試驗。研究表明：使用該方法明顯減小了開關(guān)電磁鐵和比例電磁鐵輸出力的滯環(huán),且在較大工作行程內(nèi)使開關(guān)電磁鐵輸出力特性接近于比例電磁鐵恒力特性。 為了減小閥用單電磁鐵的成本,擴大電磁鐵的使用領(lǐng)域,提出了在普通電磁鐵原繞組基礎(chǔ)上增加一套測量用副繞組,采用副繞組的電磁參數(shù)推導(dǎo)磁鏈增量來反應(yīng)動鐵芯位置信息的方法。建立了PWM控制方式下電磁鐵的數(shù)學(xué)模型,包括繞組電動勢平衡方程和力平衡方程,研究分析了主副繞組的電磁特性并進行了仿真,得出了線圈磁鏈增量、電流以及動鐵位置的關(guān)系曲線。仿真結(jié)果表明磁鏈特征量可以反應(yīng)動鐵芯位置信息。并建立了閥用功率放大器的仿真模型,對其驅(qū)動特性進行了仿真分析,為下一步實驗驗證提供了依據(jù)。 通過實驗測量了開關(guān)電磁鐵的靜態(tài)電磁特性,得出了磁鏈特征量計算模型。提出了采用積分法計算磁鏈增量的方法,設(shè)計了采用繞組磁鏈增量和輸入電流信號辨識電磁鐵動鐵芯位置的算法,并建立了基于閥用電磁鐵的位置辨識的半實物仿真試驗平臺,通過實驗驗證可通過開關(guān)電磁鐵磁鏈增量實現(xiàn)動鐵位置的辨識。 通過理論分析得出了開關(guān)電磁鐵和比例電磁鐵的磁鏈增量與電磁力之間的變化規(guī)律,并通過試驗實際測量了兩種電磁鐵的磁鏈增量,證明了理論分析結(jié)果,進而通過實驗研究了比例電磁鐵位置辨識的靜態(tài)特性和動態(tài)特性。研究表明,該方法能夠改善比例電磁鐵的特性,降低電磁鐵的成本,擴大電磁鐵的實用范圍；而且在某些條件下,還可以使用成本更低的開關(guān)電磁鐵代替比例電磁鐵。
[Abstract]:The proportional solenoid valve and solenoid valve as the important hydraulic control components, widely used in all aspects in the field of hydraulic control. In recent years, with the development of science and technology, improve and optimize the characteristics of electromagnetic valve of hydraulic technology progress has important significance. The electrical mechanical converter used as an important part of the electromagnetic valve. The merits of its performance largely determines the performance of the solenoid valve is good or bad, therefore improve the output performance of solenoid valve with electrical mechanical converter, which has important theoretical significance and practical value.
Starting from the output characteristics and the basic structure of the control system, the valve electromagnet is studied in this paper. The output characteristics of the two kinds of valve electromagnets are improved through signal correction and parameter identification, and the corresponding algorithm is designed.
Study on the characteristics of electromagnetic valve electromagnet mathematical model and finite element method is used to analysis the relationship between the electromagnetic parameters of electromagnet valve, established the mathematical model of electromagnet, electromagnet for valve with different geometric design across the magnetic flux and the variation of the electromagnetic force and the inductor and the input current signal and displacement; according to the output characteristics of electromagnet relatively steep, discusses the magnetic circuit equation of special basin type pole, analyzes the influence of pole parameters on the output of the electromagnetic force, theoretical analysis shows that this method can improve the characteristic of constant output force of electromagnet.
According to the output characteristics of the electromagnet for valve hysteresis and nonlinear problems, put forward the control strategies of voltage signal compensation to improve the electromagnetic force based on the theoretical analysis of the feasibility of the method and the realization principle, using bilinear interpolation algorithm for voltage compensation of switching solenoid, hysteresis improves the electromagnet output force caused by the ferromagnetic material, the effective the travel range of the electromagnetic force output level, and verified on the platform of the electromagnet test system. The proportional electromagnet of voltage signal for electromagnetic force hysteresis correction test. Research shows that: hysteresis using this method significantly reduces the switching solenoid and the proportional electromagnet force output, and the output characteristics of the electromagnet switch close to the characteristics of the constant proportional solenoid in larger working stroke.
In order to reduce the cost of the single electromagnet valve, enlarge the use field of the electromagnet, put forward to increase a set of measurement in ordinary primary winding electromagnet based on secondary windings and electromagnetic parameters are derived by the secondary winding flux increment reaction method to moving core position information. The model of the PWM under the control of the electromagnet, including electric winding potential balance equation and force balance equation, analyzed the electromagnetic characteristics of stator winding and the simulation, the coil current and flux increment curve moving iron position. Simulation results show that the flux characteristics can reflect the moving core location information. And the establishment of a valve with a simulation model of the power amplifier to drive the characteristics are simulated and analyzed, provide a basis for the next experiment.
The static electromagnetic characteristics of switching solenoids are measured by experiments, the calculation model of flux characteristics. Provide a method to calculate the flux increment by integral method, designed by winding flux increment and the input current signal identification electromagnet iron core position algorithm, and build up the semi physical simulation test platform for position identification of the electromagnet for valve based on the verified by experiments can switch to realize the dynamic identification of iron magnet flux increment position.
The theoretical analysis shows that the variation of flux increment and the electromagnetic force and the switching solenoid proportional solenoid, through the test of actual measurement of flux increment of two electromagnets, proves the results of theoretical analysis, the static characteristics and by experimental research. The position of proportional solenoid identification and dynamic characteristics. The results show that this method can characteristic improved proportional solenoid electromagnet, reduce costs, expand the electromagnet practical range; and under certain conditions, the switching solenoid can also use lower cost instead of the proportional electromagnet.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH137.5

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