本文關(guān)鍵詞：大噸位全地面起重機臂架大變形分析的參數(shù)化軟件開發(fā)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 起重機 性能計算 參數(shù)化設(shè)計

【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,我國的工業(yè)水平發(fā)展迅速。近年來國家大力發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),基而礎(chǔ)建設(shè)需要大量的工程機械,這必然促進(jìn)工程機械行業(yè)高速發(fā)展。起重機是工程設(shè)備中使用最廣泛、最靈活的產(chǎn)品,是工程機械的重要組成部分。隨著建設(shè)要求的大幅提高,市場競爭日益激烈,起重機更新?lián)Q代的速度也逐步提高。 近幾年中國的逐漸出現(xiàn)了更大噸位的起重機,同時產(chǎn)品系列也更加豐富。企業(yè)根據(jù)市場需求特點,不斷豐富著自己的產(chǎn)品系列譜。為了跟上發(fā)展的步伐,設(shè)計一臺新噸位起重機的時間正在逐漸縮短。目前,設(shè)計一臺系列譜中的升級產(chǎn)品需要4個月時間;設(shè)計一臺不在系列譜中,更大噸位的新品,從方案到樣機試驗也僅僅是1年左右時間。 為了加快設(shè)計速度,縮短設(shè)計時間,企業(yè)與高校合作研究開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品,將高校的先進(jìn)技術(shù)資源與企業(yè)自身經(jīng)驗相結(jié)合。我們總結(jié)傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計經(jīng)驗,學(xué)習(xí)國外先進(jìn)技術(shù),歸納成符合產(chǎn)品自身特點的設(shè)計流程,并尋找出適合設(shè)計流程的計算方法。在近幾年時間里,我們總結(jié)了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計流程,將其分為方案設(shè)計、詳細(xì)設(shè)計和樣機實驗,共3個階段。除去樣機測試以外,其余兩個均應(yīng)用計算機輔助設(shè)計技術(shù)。 方案設(shè)計階段的目的是制定起重機關(guān)鍵參數(shù),如起重機三角點、吊臂長度、截面參數(shù)等,然后計算性能。這個階段的特點是計算數(shù)據(jù)量大,主要體現(xiàn)在起重機工況多。通常一個完整的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,有上萬個工況。對于每一個工況都需要計算強度、剛度、變幅油缸、回轉(zhuǎn)支承、整車傾翻穩(wěn)定和支腿內(nèi)力,共計6種單項控制的性能。然后整合這6種性能,取出相同幅度的最小吊重作為最終性能。又因為方案設(shè)計階段中,參數(shù)修改頻繁,所以一輪計算是不能滿足要求的。 在這個階段中,我們使用過多種有限元軟件,嘗試了多種計算方法。從最開始的ALGOR軟件,靜力線性方法到目前的ANSYS軟件,幾何大變形分析。基于這些軟件,我們編寫了適合這個階段的計算程序,實現(xiàn)了模型根據(jù)工況的自動組裝、自動加載、自動求解、自動提取結(jié)果、根據(jù)工況表多工況的功能。相繼計算了多系列的不同產(chǎn)品,并通過實驗檢驗了計算結(jié)果,逐漸總結(jié)、歸納計算方法。在計算不同產(chǎn)品時,總體上方法是一致的,但是總會存在細(xì)小的差別。為了達(dá)到形成統(tǒng)一的計算方法,減少人為錯誤,不再第三方軟件中建立模型的目的,我們再一次總結(jié)計算方法,抽象出結(jié)構(gòu)的特征,統(tǒng)計出所有計算過產(chǎn)品的參數(shù),編寫了適合方案階段的參數(shù)化計算程序。 詳細(xì)設(shè)計階段對應(yīng)于設(shè)計人員形成三維模型時期,其目的是檢驗三維模型局部是否滿足強度要求。因為在這個過程中,每種產(chǎn)品局部特征差異比較大,不容易抽象出共同的特點,但是可以根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)品建立參數(shù)化的模型庫。當(dāng)設(shè)計新產(chǎn)品時,從模型庫中尋找近似的結(jié)構(gòu),然后加以修改,建立成滿足當(dāng)前要求的結(jié)構(gòu)。 本論文介紹了針對方案階段的參數(shù)化過程。首先,針對起重機自身結(jié)構(gòu)特點,提取并抽象出計算參數(shù)。然后,編寫基于有限元軟件ANSYS的性能計算程序。其次,批量計算不同噸位產(chǎn)品性能,總結(jié)計算中遇到的問題和解決方法。最后對原程序性能計算結(jié)果和參數(shù)化性能計算結(jié)果做了比較,分析兩種結(jié)果偏差。
[Abstract]:With the development of the national economy , our country ' s industrial level has developed rapidly . In recent years , the country has made great efforts to develop the basic construction , and the foundation construction needs a lot of engineering machinery , which will inevitably promote the high - speed development of the engineering machinery industry . The crane is the most widely used and flexible product in the engineering equipment , and is an important part of the engineering machinery . As the construction requirements increase greatly , the market competition becomes more and more intense , and the speed of the crane updating and replacing is gradually improved . In recent years , China has gradually developed more tonnage cranes , and the series of products is richer . In order to keep up with the pace of development , the time for designing a new tonnage crane is gradually shortening . In order to keep up with the pace of development , it is necessary to design a new tonnage crane for 4 months . In order to speed up the design speed , shorten the design time , the enterprise and the university cooperate to research and develop new products , combine the advanced technology resources of the university and the enterprise ' s own experience . We summarize the traditional design experience , learn the advanced technology abroad , summarize the design flow which accords with the characteristics of the product , and find out the calculation method suitable for the design process . In the past few years , we summarize the product design process , divide it into the design , detailed design and prototype experiment , altogether 3 stages . Except for the prototype test , the other two are applied to the computer aided design technique . The purpose of the design phase is to establish the key parameters of the crane , such as crane triangle , boom length , cross - sectional parameters and so on , then calculate the performance . This phase is characterized by a large amount of data , which is mainly reflected in the working condition of the crane . It is usually a complete structural form with a total of six individual control performances . In the design phase , the minimum lifting weight of the same amplitude is taken as the final performance . In the scheme design stage , the parameter is modified frequently , so the round calculation is not satisfactory . In this stage , we have used a variety of finite element software , and tried many kinds of calculation methods . Based on these software , we developed a calculation program suitable for this stage . Based on these software , we developed a calculation program suitable for this stage . The detailed design stage corresponds to the design staff to form a three - dimensional model period , the purpose of which is to verify whether the three - dimensional model meets the strength requirement locally . Because in this process , the local characteristics of each product are relatively large , it is not easy to abstract common characteristics , but the parametric model library can be established according to the existing product . When designing the new product , the approximate structure is searched out from the model library , and then the structure is set up to meet the current requirements . This paper introduces the parametrization process for the project phase . First , according to the structure characteristics of the crane , the calculation parameters are extracted and abstracted . Then , the performance calculation program based on the finite element software ANSYS is written . Secondly , the problems and solving methods encountered in the calculation of different tonnage products are calculated in batches . Finally , the calculation results of the original program performance and the calculation results are compared and the deviations of the two results are analyzed .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH21

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1435101