本文關鍵詞：模具制造設備備件隨機庫存控制策略研究　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 庫存控制 設備備件 馬爾可夫鏈 (s S)策略

【摘要】：模具制造具有資金密集、技術密集、單件小批量生產(chǎn)特征,屬于典型的按單定制型生產(chǎn)模式,質量、成本、交貨期是模具的三要素。模具制造過程復雜、技術含量高,沒有高質量、高精度的加工設備就無法高效地生產(chǎn)高水平的模具。有2個因素促使企業(yè)必須儲備備件,首先,若設備停機,其停機損失非常大；其次,由于故障到達的隨機性和采購的不確定性,為了縮短維修時間,減少停機損失,不得不儲備部分備件。若備件庫存管理不當,造成的結果往往是：一方面?zhèn)浼䦷齑婢痈卟幌?有很多備件長期呆在倉庫成為呆滯物料,占用大量的流動資金,加上現(xiàn)在技術發(fā)展迅猛,設備更新加速,設備折舊導致呆滯備件的報廢問題也一直存在；另一方面是設備停機之后,相關備件又常常沒有或不夠。因此,在保持設備正常運行條件下,如何平衡備件庫存持有成本和缺貨成本是企業(yè)期望解決的問題。備件是維持制造系統(tǒng)正常運轉不可或缺的因素,良好的備件管理不僅可以保證生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的正常運行,還可以大大降低備件對企業(yè)流動資金的占用,從而提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟效益。 首先,建立備件的需求模型。按照傳統(tǒng)的ABC分類法,針對模具制造設備B類備件需求和故障的關系,建立了故障備件對應表,應用線性方程組理論得到了B類備件的需求統(tǒng)一模型。 其次,建立備件的庫存控制模型。采用瞬時補貨的(s,S)庫存控制策略,鑒于某些解析式算法求解的局限性,考慮到此策略下備件的庫存量和缺貨量本身所具有的馬爾可夫特性,應用馬爾可夫鏈構建了備件庫存量和缺貨量的馬爾可夫模型并推導出了狀態(tài)轉移概率矩陣的計算公式。在此基礎上,建立了滿足一定服務水平前提下,以一個盤點周期內(nèi)期望庫存總成本最小為目標的備件隨機最優(yōu)庫存控制模型。 再次,算法的提出及算法的適應性驗證。提出了模型求解的啟發(fā)式算法,為了加快最優(yōu)解的收斂速度,提出了啟發(fā)式搜索規(guī)則。分別以某小型、中型、大型模具制造企業(yè)為例,通過MATLAB仿真實現(xiàn)本文提出的算法并得到了啟發(fā)式規(guī)則,驗證了該算法的適應性,表明該方法可較好地解決隨機庫存系統(tǒng)的B類備件庫存控制問題。 最后,結合某大型輪胎模具制造企業(yè)的ERP系統(tǒng),開發(fā)了備件庫存控制模塊,為設備管理人員的備件訂貨提供輔助支持。 總之,本文針對模具制造企業(yè)B類備件庫存控制問題進行了一定的研究,建立了備件的需求統(tǒng)一模型和隨機最優(yōu)庫存控制模型,提出了啟發(fā)式算法以及啟發(fā)式搜索規(guī)則并推導出了馬爾可夫鏈狀態(tài)轉移矩陣的計算公式。在此基礎上,通過算法在不同規(guī)模模具制造企業(yè)中的仿真實例,驗證了算法的有效性及適應性,具有一定的理論及應用價值。
[Abstract]:Die manufacturing has the characteristics of capital intensive, technology intensive and small batch production. It belongs to the typical customized production mode, quality, cost, delivery time are the three elements of the mold. The die manufacturing process is complex. High technology content, no high quality, high precision processing equipment can not efficiently produce high level mold. There are two factors that urge enterprises to reserve spare parts. First, if the equipment stops, the loss of stop is very big; Secondly, due to the randomness of fault arrival and the uncertainty of procurement, some spare parts have to be stored in order to shorten the maintenance time and reduce the downtime loss. The result is often: on the one hand, high inventory of spare parts, a lot of spare parts in the warehouse for a long time to become stagnant materials, occupy a large number of liquidity, plus the rapid development of technology now, equipment renewal accelerated. Depreciation of equipment leads to stagnant spare parts scrapping problem also exists all the time. On the other hand, after the equipment is shut down, the related spare parts are often not or not enough. Therefore, under the condition of maintaining the normal operation of the equipment. How to balance spare parts inventory holding cost and shortage cost is the problem that enterprises expect to solve. Spare parts is an indispensable factor to maintain the normal operation of manufacturing system. Good spare parts management can not only ensure the normal operation of the production system, but also greatly reduce the use of spare parts to the enterprise liquidity, thus improving the economic efficiency of the enterprise. First of all, the requirement model of spare parts is established. According to the traditional ABC classification, the corresponding table of fault spare parts is established according to the relationship between the requirement of B type spare parts and the failure of mould manufacturing equipment. The unified demand model of B type spare parts is obtained by using linear equation system theory. Secondly, the inventory control model of spare parts is established, and the inventory control strategy is adopted, because of the limitation of some analytic algorithms. Considering the Markov characteristics of spare parts inventory and stock shortage under this strategy. The Markov model of spare parts stock and stock is constructed by using Markov chain, and the calculation formula of state transition probability matrix is deduced. On the basis of this, a certain service level is established. A stochastic optimal inventory control model for spare parts with minimum expected total inventory cost in an inventory cycle. Thirdly, the algorithm is proposed and the adaptability of the algorithm is verified. A heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the model. In order to speed up the convergence of the optimal solution, a heuristic search rule is proposed. The algorithm proposed in this paper is realized by MATLAB simulation, and the heuristic rule is obtained, which verifies the adaptability of the algorithm. It is shown that this method can solve the problem of class B spare parts inventory control in stochastic inventory system. Finally, based on the ERP system of a large tire mould manufacturing enterprise, the spare parts inventory control module is developed, which provides auxiliary support for the spare parts ordering of the equipment manager. In a word, this paper has carried on certain research to the B spare parts inventory control problem in the mould manufacturing enterprise, established the spare parts demand unified model and the random optimal inventory control model. The heuristic algorithm and heuristic search rules are proposed and the calculation formula of Markov chain state transition matrix is derived. The validity and adaptability of the algorithm are verified, and it has certain theoretical and practical value.
【學位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TG76;TB114.2;TH187

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 吳瑋;面向設備維修的備件庫存控制研究[D];沈陽工業(yè)大學;2016年

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本文編號：1417727