本文關(guān)鍵詞：橋式起重機(jī)起升機(jī)構(gòu)控制改造與應(yīng)用研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 橋式起重機(jī) 電氣改造 變頻調(diào)速 PLC控制

【摘要】：橋式起重機(jī)作為一種物料搬運(yùn)的設(shè)備,其起升機(jī)構(gòu)工作的安全性和可靠性是保證物料在高空運(yùn)輸?shù)那疤?同時(shí)對(duì)地面設(shè)備和人員的安全也是至關(guān)重要的,隨著設(shè)備使用年限的增加和繼電器-接觸器有觸點(diǎn)控制性能的下降,橋式起重機(jī)在物料起升中出現(xiàn)故障的概率逐漸增加。經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期使用后,某廠30/5T橋式起重機(jī)出現(xiàn)瞬時(shí)溜鉤、機(jī)械聲響大、微動(dòng)控制難、設(shè)備顫動(dòng)大、檔位不定位、元件燒壞、突然停機(jī)等故障現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重威脅設(shè)備和人員的安全。 本文在不改變橋式起重機(jī)大車(chē)運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)、小車(chē)運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)的前提下,以某企業(yè)30/5T橋式起重機(jī)的起升機(jī)構(gòu)電氣系統(tǒng)改造為研究對(duì)象,采用交流變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)和PLC控制技術(shù),對(duì)該橋式起重機(jī)的起升系統(tǒng)的電氣控制進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造,構(gòu)建了相應(yīng)技術(shù)改造方案,選擇了8極750r/min的YZBF250M-8鼠籠式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)為主鉤驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)；6極1000r/min的YZBF160L-6鼠籠式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)副鉤驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)；選擇FR-A540-45W的變頻器為主鉤電機(jī)調(diào)速；FR-A540-15W的變頻器為副鉤電機(jī)調(diào)速；選擇三菱FX2N-80MR作為起升系統(tǒng)的電氣PLC控制替代傳統(tǒng)的PQR型磁力屏控制方式。 根據(jù)所選擇的橋式起重機(jī)起升機(jī)構(gòu)的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)、變頻器的控制信號(hào)要求,按照控制工藝流程的需求,設(shè)計(jì)主鉤的變頻器接線圖、副鉤的變頻器接線圖。根據(jù)所選擇的PLC定義其輸入輸出端口和接線圖,根據(jù)主鉤、副鉤工作的控制要求和工藝流程,設(shè)計(jì)了主鉤、副鉤的PLC編程梯形圖；編寫(xiě)了相應(yīng)的PLC控制程序。 將所選購(gòu)的電動(dòng)機(jī)、變頻器、PLC用于該橋式起重機(jī)的起升機(jī)構(gòu)改造的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工,完成了相應(yīng)的接線工作,對(duì)通電前的電氣系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行再檢測(cè)和安全調(diào)試,并對(duì)PLC控制程序及相關(guān)參數(shù)設(shè)置進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)試,調(diào)試結(jié)果表明橋式起重機(jī)的改造取得圓滿(mǎn)的效果,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目的。 本文將交流變頻技術(shù)與PLC控制技術(shù)相結(jié)合,解決傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備的控制問(wèn)題,提升了傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備的控制精度,挖掘了傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備的機(jī)械潛能,延長(zhǎng)了設(shè)備的使用壽命,項(xiàng)目的研究結(jié)果和實(shí)踐,對(duì)同類(lèi)設(shè)備的技術(shù)改造具有參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane as a material handling equipment, the safety and reliability of its lifting mechanism is the premise to ensure material transportation at high altitude, and it is also very important to the safety of ground equipment and personnel. With the increase of the service life of the equipment and the decline of the contact control performance of the relay-contactor, the probability of the bridge crane failure in the material hoisting increases gradually. The 30 / 5T bridge crane of a certain factory has some faults such as instantaneous hooks, loud mechanical noise, difficult fretting control, large equipment tremor, unpositioning of gear, burning out of components, sudden shutdown and so on. A serious threat to the safety of equipment and personnel. In this paper, the lifting mechanism of a 30 / 5T bridge crane is studied under the premise of not changing the trolley running mechanism and the trolley running mechanism of the bridge crane, and taking the electrical system of the lifting mechanism of the 30 / 5T bridge crane in an enterprise as the research object. Adopting AC frequency conversion speed regulation technology and PLC control technology, the electrical control of the lifting system of the bridge crane is reformed, and the corresponding technical transformation scheme is constructed. The YZBF250M-8 squirrel cage asynchronous motor with 8 poles 750 r / min is selected as the main hook drive motor. (6) YZBF160L-6 squirrel-cage asynchronous motor with auxiliary hook drive motor with 1000rp / min pole; Choose FR-A540-45W frequency converter as the main hook motor speed regulation; The frequency converter of FR-A540-15W is the speed regulation of auxiliary hook motor. Mitsubishi FX2N-80MR is chosen as the electrical PLC control of the hoisting system instead of the traditional PQR magnetic screen control mode. According to the requirements of the control signals of the driving motor and frequency converter of the lifting mechanism of the bridge crane, according to the requirements of the control process, the connection diagram of the main hook is designed. According to the selected PLC, the input and output ports and wiring diagrams are defined, and the main hook is designed according to the control requirements and technological process of the main hook and auxiliary hook. The trapezoidal diagram of PLC programming of accessory hook; The corresponding PLC control program is written. The selected motor and inverter PLC were used in the field construction of the lifting mechanism transformation of the bridge crane. The corresponding wiring work was completed and the electrical system before electrification was re-detected and safely debugged. The PLC control program and related parameters are debugged on the spot. The debugging results show that the reconstruction of the bridge crane has achieved satisfactory results and achieved the desired purpose. In this paper, the AC frequency conversion technology and PLC control technology are combined to solve the control problems of traditional equipment, improve the control accuracy of traditional equipment, and tap the mechanical potential of traditional equipment. The service life of the equipment is prolonged, the research result and practice of the project are extended, and it has reference value for the technical transformation of the similar equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH215

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 胡廣樂(lè);康寧;;橋式起重機(jī)PLC控制改造設(shè)計(jì)[J];科技傳播;2013年04期

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本文編號(hào)：1417373