本文關(guān)鍵詞：百萬乙烯裂解氣壓縮機(jī)儀表和控制系統(tǒng)的研究　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：乙烯是石油化工行業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)原料之一,對國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展起著重要作用,其生產(chǎn)能力是衡量國家石油化工發(fā)展水平的重要標(biāo)志,關(guān)系著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈和國家安全。 為滿足生產(chǎn)裝置規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大的要求,乙烯裝置用大型壓縮機(jī)組的技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢將使設(shè)備處理能力不斷增強(qiáng)。裂解氣壓縮機(jī)是百萬乙烯裂解裝置的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,被稱為乙烯裂解裝置的心臟,其正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是保證百萬乙烯裂解裝置乃至配套裝置正常生產(chǎn)的先決條件。為保證裂解氣壓縮機(jī)能夠在工藝要求的工況下安全運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),必須擁有一套安全可靠的儀表和控制系統(tǒng)。 本文以百萬乙烯裝置裂解氣壓縮機(jī)的儀表和控制系統(tǒng)為研究對象,從離心壓縮機(jī)的工作原理、機(jī)械性能和參數(shù)調(diào)節(jié)入手,分析了離心壓縮機(jī)喘振機(jī)理和防喘振控制方法。論文研究了裂解氣壓縮機(jī)工藝介質(zhì)的組成,分析了裂解氣易結(jié)焦的現(xiàn)象并給出了解決方案。從用戶對儀表和控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求入手,分析了裂解氣壓縮機(jī)需要監(jiān)控的主要參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)出了裂解氣壓縮機(jī)儀表和控制系統(tǒng)方案。通過研究三冗余控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了保護(hù)機(jī)組安全運(yùn)行的各系統(tǒng)的軟件控制方案。充分應(yīng)用控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)和功能,設(shè)計(jì)了友好的人機(jī)交互界面,完成了關(guān)鍵的控制畫面,如工藝畫面、防喘振畫面以及調(diào)速畫面等,使壓縮機(jī)在安全穩(wěn)定的工況條件下運(yùn)行,滿足了生產(chǎn)的需要。 本文闡述了裂解氣壓縮機(jī)組的特點(diǎn)、儀表選型依據(jù)和控制方案,為進(jìn)一步研究百萬乙烯裂解氣壓縮機(jī)的儀表與控制提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Ethylene is one of the basic raw materials of petrochemical industry. It plays an important role in the development of national economy. Its production capacity is an important symbol to measure the development level of national petrochemical industry, and it is related to the national economic lifeline and national security.
In order to meet the requirement of expanding the scale of production equipment, will make the technical development trend of ethylene device of large scale compressor continuously enhance the processing ability of the device. The cracking gas compressor is the key equipment of millions of ethylene plant, known as ethylene cracker heart, its normal operation is a prerequisite for the normal production of millions of ethylene plant and the supporting device. In order to ensure the safe operation in the machine can process requirements under the condition of cracking gas compressor, must have a safe and reliable instrumentation and control systems.
In this paper, millions of ethylene cracking gas compressor instrumentation and control system as the research object, from the working principle of the centrifugal compressor, starting with the regulation of mechanical properties and parameters analysis of centrifugal compressor surge mechanism and anti surge control method. The thesis consists of cracking gas compressor of the process medium, analysis of pyrolysis gas coking phenomenon and the solution is given. Starting from the design of instrumentation and control system requirements, analysis the main parameters of the machine need to monitor the cracking gas compressor, designed the machine instrumentation and control system of cracking gas compressor case. By studying the characteristics of three redundant control system, designed to protect the safe operation of the unit in the software system the control scheme. The characteristics and functions of the full application of the control system, design a friendly interactive interface, complete control of the key technology such as picture, picture, anti surge painting Surface and speed control screen, etc., make the compressor run in a safe and stable condition, and meet the needs of production.
This paper describes the characteristics of the cracking gas compressor unit, the selection basis and control scheme of the instrument, which provides a reference for further research on the instrumentation and control of the ethylene cracking gas compressor.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH45

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