轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的時變可靠性分析與綜合
本文關(guān)鍵詞:轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的時變可靠性分析與綜合 出處:《西華大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu) 不確定性 時變可靠性 優(yōu)化綜合
【摘要】:在不確定性下研究機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性問題是近年來機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)研究的熱點課題之一。由于機(jī)構(gòu)受幾何尺寸、運(yùn)動副間隙、工作原理及使用環(huán)境的影響,其運(yùn)動輸出往往具有不確定性,從而可能引起機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動精度可靠度下降、機(jī)構(gòu)動作不可靠等問題。就機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動精度可靠性而言,目前大多方法屬于點可靠度分析方法,點可靠度只是提供了某一瞬時時間點上機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動輸出滿足期望運(yùn)動輸出或?qū)崿F(xiàn)預(yù)定功能的可能性。顯然,從整個運(yùn)動區(qū)間來考察機(jī)構(gòu)的可靠性往往比點可靠性更加合理、更加符合實際。因此,在不確定性條件下研究機(jī)構(gòu)的時變(區(qū)間)運(yùn)動可靠性及其優(yōu)化設(shè)計(綜合)問題,具有極為重要的理論意義和實際價值。本文以整體式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)和齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)為研究對象,在分析轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性和優(yōu)化綜合的同時,對時變運(yùn)動可靠性方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的論述。 本文主要研究工作可以概括如下: 1在對目前汽車中廣泛使用的整體式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)和齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動分析的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合考慮構(gòu)件尺寸的不確定性(隨機(jī)性)和機(jī)構(gòu)自身結(jié)構(gòu)誤差,建立了轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)誤差概率模型。 2引入結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性分析方法中上穿越率和下穿越率概念,并結(jié)合一次二階矩法(FOSM)和首次穿越的Poisson近似方法推導(dǎo)出機(jī)構(gòu)時變(區(qū)間)運(yùn)動可靠度解析表達(dá)式。以此為基礎(chǔ)建立了整體式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)和齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的時變運(yùn)動可靠性模型。并通過相關(guān)算例將其與點可靠性進(jìn)行比較分析,結(jié)果表明機(jī)構(gòu)時變可靠度總是小于等于點可靠度,滿足點可靠度并不意味著滿足時變可靠度。顯然,機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性比傳統(tǒng)的點可靠性更加合理,它以整個運(yùn)動區(qū)間為考察對象,能夠體現(xiàn)機(jī)構(gòu)在整個運(yùn)動過程中滿足預(yù)期功能的可能性。 3針對機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(綜合)問題,提出了機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性優(yōu)化綜合方法。建立了整體式轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性優(yōu)化模型,通過數(shù)值實例將其與該機(jī)構(gòu)的確定性優(yōu)化方法及點可靠性優(yōu)化方法進(jìn)行比較分析。結(jié)果表明,機(jī)構(gòu)時變運(yùn)動可靠性優(yōu)化方法比確定性優(yōu)化方法和點可靠性優(yōu)化方法更加優(yōu)越,不僅可以在滿足可靠性要求的同時減小機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)誤差,而且其求得的優(yōu)化解往往也比其余兩種優(yōu)化方法穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the study of time-varying motion reliability of mechanism is one of the hot topics in mechanism research, because the mechanism is affected by geometric size, clearance of motion pair, working principle and operating environment. The motion output of the mechanism is often uncertain, which may cause the reliability of the mechanism motion accuracy to decline and the mechanism action to be unreliable, etc. In terms of the mechanism motion accuracy reliability. At present, most of the methods belong to the point reliability analysis method. The point reliability only provides the possibility of the mechanism motion output meeting the expected motion output or realizing the predetermined function at a certain instantaneous point in time. The reliability of the mechanism from the whole range of motion is usually more reasonable than that of the point. In this paper, the time-varying (interval) motion reliability and optimal design (synthesis) of the mechanism are studied under uncertain conditions. This paper takes the integral steering mechanism and the gear-rack steering mechanism as the research object, while analyzing the time-varying motion reliability and optimization synthesis of the steering mechanism. The method of time-varying motion reliability is discussed in detail. The main research work of this paper can be summarized as follows: On the basis of the kinematic analysis of the whole steering mechanism and the gear rack steering mechanism which are widely used in the automobile at present, the uncertainty of the component size (randomness) and the structure error of the mechanism are considered synthetically. The error probability model of steering mechanism is established. (2) the concepts of upper and lower traversing rate are introduced in the structural reliability analysis method. The time-varying (interval) of the mechanism is derived by combining the first-order second moment method and the Poisson approximation method of the first crossing. On this basis, the time-varying motion reliability models of integral steering mechanism and gear rack steering mechanism are established and compared with point reliability through relevant examples. The results show that the time-varying reliability of the mechanism is always less than or equal to the point reliability, and meeting the point reliability does not mean the time-varying reliability. Obviously, the time-varying motion reliability of the mechanism is more reasonable than the traditional point reliability. It takes the whole motion range as the object of investigation and can reflect the possibility of the mechanism meeting the expected function in the whole motion process. (3) aiming at the problem of mechanism optimization design (synthesis), this paper presents an optimal synthesis method for the time-varying motion reliability of the mechanism, and establishes an optimization model of the time-varying motion reliability of the integrated steering mechanism. A numerical example is given to compare it with the deterministic optimization method and the point reliability optimization method of the mechanism. The time-varying motion reliability optimization method is superior to the deterministic optimization method and the point reliability optimization method. It can not only meet the reliability requirements but also reduce the structural error of the mechanism. Moreover, the optimal solution obtained is more stable than the other two optimization methods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:TH112
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