本文關(guān)鍵詞：緊致倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)績(jī)效及運(yùn)作策略研究　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 倍深式貨架 三維緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng) 運(yùn)行時(shí)間 儲(chǔ)存策略 分揀策略 經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)批量

【摘要】：作為現(xiàn)代物流的重要組成部分,倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率對(duì)整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈的運(yùn)作績(jī)效具有重要的影響。一方面,提高倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率可以快速滿足消費(fèi)者的需求,提升客戶服務(wù)水平；另一方面,隨著土地和人力成本的上升,提高倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)空間的利用率以及運(yùn)作效率對(duì)于降低總的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本至關(guān)重要。因此倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)正向具有存取空間緊致化和服務(wù)時(shí)間即時(shí)化兩個(gè)特征的緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)發(fā)展。在存取、分揀、配送等環(huán)節(jié),緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)通過(guò)對(duì)運(yùn)作流程和運(yùn)作時(shí)間的協(xié)調(diào)和優(yōu)化,以快速滿足客戶多樣化、個(gè)性化需求。而倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率受到多種因素的影響,其中包括儲(chǔ)存策略、貨架的尺寸,堆垛機(jī)的特征、指令周期以及待命位策略等。 本文主要研究緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的績(jī)效與運(yùn)作策略的相關(guān)問(wèn)題。首先選取兩個(gè)代表性的緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)(倍深式貨架自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù)和三維緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng))作為具體的研究對(duì)象。針對(duì)倍深式貨架單巷道自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù),結(jié)合倍深式貨架可能需要翻箱操作的特點(diǎn),提出采用雙梭堆垛機(jī)來(lái)提高系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率,建立了在隨機(jī)儲(chǔ)存策略下,堆垛機(jī)的雙指令和四指令期望周期時(shí)間的解析模型。研究表明采用雙梭堆垛機(jī)可以顯著提升倍深式貨架倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率。對(duì)于倍深式多巷道自動(dòng)化立體倉(cāng)庫(kù),首先建立了該系統(tǒng)下的單指令和雙指令的期望周期時(shí)間模型,并提出了三種可行的翻箱策略；接著以總成本最低為目標(biāo),以貨架儲(chǔ)存率為決策變量建立了倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)空間緊密型和運(yùn)作效率及時(shí)性之間的權(quán)衡模型來(lái)指導(dǎo)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)決策。針對(duì)三維緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng),得出該系統(tǒng)在特定假設(shè)條件下的運(yùn)行時(shí)間模型,該模型可以很好的衡量該倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作效率。利用運(yùn)作效率模型在戰(zhàn)略和運(yùn)作兩個(gè)層面上指導(dǎo)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)企業(yè)進(jìn)行相關(guān)的決策。在戰(zhàn)略層面,指導(dǎo)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)人員對(duì)貨架三個(gè)維度方向上的尺寸進(jìn)行最優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)；在運(yùn)作層面,分析了相關(guān)參數(shù)對(duì)該系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作效率的影響。 其次結(jié)合當(dāng)前電子商務(wù)飛速發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)以及在配送的整個(gè)過(guò)程中經(jīng)常發(fā)生爆倉(cāng)的情況,以緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的分揀操作為研究對(duì)象。分揀效率的高低受訂單的產(chǎn)品種類、數(shù)量,訂單的排序策略以及員工操作熟練程度等多種因素的影響。本部分緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)訂單分揀為研究對(duì)象,建立混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃模型來(lái)對(duì)訂單進(jìn)行有效的分配,使得訂單的完成時(shí)間最小化以及平衡分工人之間的工作負(fù)荷,提高緊致化倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)性。同時(shí)證明了該混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃模型為NP難問(wèn)題,結(jié)合問(wèn)題本身的特征,對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了分析和簡(jiǎn)化,從而可以利用相關(guān)的商業(yè)求解軟件(如CPLEX)對(duì)實(shí)際問(wèn)題進(jìn)行快速求解。 以上研究都是針對(duì)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的運(yùn)作優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。本文的最后則是從供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)的角度出發(fā),將倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)與下游的生產(chǎn)線結(jié)合起來(lái)考慮,以下游的生產(chǎn)批量決策為具體的研究對(duì)象,來(lái)研究倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)與生產(chǎn)線的聯(lián)合決策問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern logistics, warehousing system has an important impact on operational efficiency of the operation of the whole supply chain performance. On the one hand, improve the operation efficiency of the storage system can quickly meet the needs of consumers, improve customer service level; on the other hand, with the increase of land and labor costs, improve the utilization of storage space the rate and efficiency to reduce operating costs is crucial. Therefore the storage system is to have access to space and compact Business Hours development compact storage system real-time two features. In the access, sorting, distribution and other aspects of compact storage system through the coordination and optimization of operation process and operation time, to satisfy the customer diversification, personalized needs. And the storage system operation efficiency is affected by many factors, including the storage strategy, the size of the shelves, stacking The characteristics of the machine, the instruction cycle and the standby strategy.
Related issues of performance and operation strategy this paper mainly studies the compact storage system. First selects two representative compact storage system (double deep shelf automated warehouse and three-dimensional compact storage system) as the specific research object. According to the times of deep shelf single aisle automated warehouse, with deep shelf times may need to shift the operating characteristics, the double shuttle stacker to improve system efficiency, established in random storage policy, stacker dual instruction and four instruction cycle time. The expected analytical model of research indicated that the dual shuttle stacker can significantly improve the times of deep shelf storage system efficiency for many times. The deep roadway of automated warehouse, the first time the single instruction cycle expectations model system and dual instruction was established, and put forward three feasible policy shift Slightly; then the lowest total cost as the goal, to the rate of shelf storage for the relevant decision-making decision variables is established between compact storage space and operation efficiency timeliness tradeoff model to guide the warehousing system. For the 3D compact storage system, the running time of the system under certain assumptions of the model, the model can measure the the storage system is a very good operating efficiency. The operation efficiency model in two aspects of strategic and operational guidance of warehousing enterprises make the relevant decision-making. At the strategic level, design personnel to guide the warehousing system optimization design on the shelves of the three dimensions of the dimension on the direction; at the operational level, analyzes the influence of related parameters on the efficiency of operation the system.
Secondly, with the rapid development of e-commerce trends and explosion often occurs in the whole process of distribution in the sorting operation in compact storage system as the research object. The number of sorting efficiency by orders of products, a variety of factors, the order sorting strategy and staff operational proficiency. This part is compact warehouse order picking system as the research object, a mixed integer programming model for effective allocation of orders, the work load orders to minimize the completion time and the balance between workers, improve the dynamic response of the compact storage system. It also has proved that the mixed integer programming model for NP problem, combined with the characteristics of the problem itself and the model is analyzed and simplified, which can be used for the commercial software (such as CPLEX) to quickly find practical problems Solution.
The above study is operation optimization problem for storage system. At the end of this paper is starting from the perspective of supply chain, warehousing system and downstream production line together to consider, in the production batch decision-making downstream as the research object, combined with the decision to study the problem of storage system and production line.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F253.9;TH692.3

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