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  本文關鍵詞：緊致倉儲系統(tǒng)績效及運作策略研究　出處：《華中科技大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 倍深式貨架 三維緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng) 運行時間 儲存策略 分揀策略 經濟生產批量

【摘要】：作為現(xiàn)代物流的重要組成部分,倉儲系統(tǒng)的運作效率對整個供應鏈的運作績效具有重要的影響。一方面,提高倉儲系統(tǒng)的運作效率可以快速滿足消費者的需求,提升客戶服務水平；另一方面,隨著土地和人力成本的上升,提高倉儲空間的利用率以及運作效率對于降低總的運營成本至關重要。因此倉儲系統(tǒng)正向具有存取空間緊致化和服務時間即時化兩個特征的緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)發(fā)展。在存取、分揀、配送等環(huán)節(jié),緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)通過對運作流程和運作時間的協(xié)調和優(yōu)化,以快速滿足客戶多樣化、個性化需求。而倉儲系統(tǒng)的運作效率受到多種因素的影響,其中包括儲存策略、貨架的尺寸,堆垛機的特征、指令周期以及待命位策略等。 本文主要研究緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)的績效與運作策略的相關問題。首先選取兩個代表性的緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)(倍深式貨架自動化立體倉庫和三維緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng))作為具體的研究對象。針對倍深式貨架單巷道自動化立體倉庫,結合倍深式貨架可能需要翻箱操作的特點,提出采用雙梭堆垛機來提高系統(tǒng)的運作效率,建立了在隨機儲存策略下,堆垛機的雙指令和四指令期望周期時間的解析模型。研究表明采用雙梭堆垛機可以顯著提升倍深式貨架倉儲系統(tǒng)的運作效率。對于倍深式多巷道自動化立體倉庫,首先建立了該系統(tǒng)下的單指令和雙指令的期望周期時間模型,并提出了三種可行的翻箱策略；接著以總成本最低為目標,以貨架儲存率為決策變量建立了倉儲空間緊密型和運作效率及時性之間的權衡模型來指導倉儲系統(tǒng)的相關決策。針對三維緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng),得出該系統(tǒng)在特定假設條件下的運行時間模型,該模型可以很好的衡量該倉儲系統(tǒng)的運作效率。利用運作效率模型在戰(zhàn)略和運作兩個層面上指導倉儲企業(yè)進行相關的決策。在戰(zhàn)略層面,指導倉儲系統(tǒng)的設計人員對貨架三個維度方向上的尺寸進行最優(yōu)化設計；在運作層面,分析了相關參數對該系統(tǒng)運作效率的影響。 其次結合當前電子商務飛速發(fā)展的趨勢以及在配送的整個過程中經常發(fā)生爆倉的情況,以緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)的分揀操作為研究對象。分揀效率的高低受訂單的產品種類、數量,訂單的排序策略以及員工操作熟練程度等多種因素的影響。本部分緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)訂單分揀為研究對象,建立混合整數規(guī)劃模型來對訂單進行有效的分配,使得訂單的完成時間最小化以及平衡分工人之間的工作負荷,提高緊致化倉儲系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應性。同時證明了該混合整數規(guī)劃模型為NP難問題,結合問題本身的特征,對模型進行了分析和簡化,從而可以利用相關的商業(yè)求解軟件(如CPLEX)對實際問題進行快速求解。 以上研究都是針對倉儲系統(tǒng)內部的運作優(yōu)化問題。本文的最后則是從供應鏈系統(tǒng)的角度出發(fā),將倉儲系統(tǒng)與下游的生產線結合起來考慮,以下游的生產批量決策為具體的研究對象,來研究倉儲系統(tǒng)與生產線的聯(lián)合決策問題。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern logistics, warehousing system has an important impact on operational efficiency of the operation of the whole supply chain performance. On the one hand, improve the operation efficiency of the storage system can quickly meet the needs of consumers, improve customer service level; on the other hand, with the increase of land and labor costs, improve the utilization of storage space the rate and efficiency to reduce operating costs is crucial. Therefore the storage system is to have access to space and compact Business Hours development compact storage system real-time two features. In the access, sorting, distribution and other aspects of compact storage system through the coordination and optimization of operation process and operation time, to satisfy the customer diversification, personalized needs. And the storage system operation efficiency is affected by many factors, including the storage strategy, the size of the shelves, stacking The characteristics of the machine, the instruction cycle and the standby strategy.
Related issues of performance and operation strategy this paper mainly studies the compact storage system. First selects two representative compact storage system (double deep shelf automated warehouse and three-dimensional compact storage system) as the specific research object. According to the times of deep shelf single aisle automated warehouse, with deep shelf times may need to shift the operating characteristics, the double shuttle stacker to improve system efficiency, established in random storage policy, stacker dual instruction and four instruction cycle time. The expected analytical model of research indicated that the dual shuttle stacker can significantly improve the times of deep shelf storage system efficiency for many times. The deep roadway of automated warehouse, the first time the single instruction cycle expectations model system and dual instruction was established, and put forward three feasible policy shift Slightly; then the lowest total cost as the goal, to the rate of shelf storage for the relevant decision-making decision variables is established between compact storage space and operation efficiency timeliness tradeoff model to guide the warehousing system. For the 3D compact storage system, the running time of the system under certain assumptions of the model, the model can measure the the storage system is a very good operating efficiency. The operation efficiency model in two aspects of strategic and operational guidance of warehousing enterprises make the relevant decision-making. At the strategic level, design personnel to guide the warehousing system optimization design on the shelves of the three dimensions of the dimension on the direction; at the operational level, analyzes the influence of related parameters on the efficiency of operation the system.
Secondly, with the rapid development of e-commerce trends and explosion often occurs in the whole process of distribution in the sorting operation in compact storage system as the research object. The number of sorting efficiency by orders of products, a variety of factors, the order sorting strategy and staff operational proficiency. This part is compact warehouse order picking system as the research object, a mixed integer programming model for effective allocation of orders, the work load orders to minimize the completion time and the balance between workers, improve the dynamic response of the compact storage system. It also has proved that the mixed integer programming model for NP problem, combined with the characteristics of the problem itself and the model is analyzed and simplified, which can be used for the commercial software (such as CPLEX) to quickly find practical problems Solution.
The above study is operation optimization problem for storage system. At the end of this paper is starting from the perspective of supply chain, warehousing system and downstream production line together to consider, in the production batch decision-making downstream as the research object, combined with the decision to study the problem of storage system and production line.

【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F253.9;TH692.3

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