本文關(guān)鍵詞：不同機(jī)械直播方式對水稻分蘗特性及產(chǎn)量的影響，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

不同機(jī)械直播方式對水稻分蘗特性及產(chǎn)量的影響

Effect of different mechanical direct seeding methods on tiller characteristics and yield of rice

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Xu Ke, Tang Lei, Zhang Hongcheng, Guo Baowei, Huo Zhongyang, Dai Qigen, wei Haiyan, Wei Haihe （Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Min

揚(yáng)州大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)部長江流域稻作技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心/江蘇省作物遺傳生理重點實驗室,揚(yáng)州225009

文章摘要：為研究不同機(jī)械直播方式對水稻分蘗特性的影響,以常規(guī)稻常農(nóng)粳7號、超級稻南粳44與雜交粳稻甬優(yōu)2638、甬優(yōu)7號為材料,在江蘇稻麥兩熟制條件下研究了水（濕潤）點播和條播2種機(jī)械直播方式水稻分蘗發(fā)生和成穗特性及其對群體產(chǎn)量的貢獻(xiàn)。結(jié)果表明,不同直播方式對水稻分蘗發(fā)生與成穗特性有顯著影響。點播和條播方式一次分蘗發(fā)生葉位均為5個,即主莖第1葉位到第5葉位;二次分蘗發(fā)生葉位以主莖第1分蘗的第1、2葉位和主莖第2分蘗的第1葉位為主。一次分蘗發(fā)生率點播方式低于條播方式,主莖第3、4葉位分蘗發(fā)生率為100%;二次分蘗發(fā)生率點播方式高于條播方式。4個品種均未見三次及三次以上分蘗發(fā)生。點播方式產(chǎn)量顯著高于條播方式（p〈0.05）,且不同直播方式對水稻莖蘗成穗與高產(chǎn)利用存在差異（p〈0.05）。一次分蘗的第1~5葉位是可成穗葉位,以第1~3葉位成穗為主,成穗率50%以上,條播方式成穗率高于點播方式。主莖第1分蘗的第1葉位和主莖第2分蘗的第1葉位是二次分蘗成穗的主要葉位,但成穗率較低;點播方式成穗率低于條播方式,不同品種間存在差異。一次分蘗穗對產(chǎn)量貢獻(xiàn)率在不同蘗位間存在顯著差異（p〈0.05）,主莖第3分蘗生產(chǎn)力最高,對產(chǎn)量的貢獻(xiàn)率最高,其中點播方式大于條播方式。二次分蘗穗對產(chǎn)量貢獻(xiàn)率較小,點播方式高于條播方式。進(jìn)一步對分蘗的穗粒構(gòu)成分析表明,主莖第3分蘗穗單位面積穗數(shù)和每穗粒數(shù)較高,每穗粒數(shù)表現(xiàn)為主莖第3分蘗穗點播方式高于條播方式。該文明確了不同機(jī)械直播方式水稻分蘗成穗規(guī)律,為直播稻大面積高產(chǎn)提供了技術(shù)依據(jù)。

Abstr：Little information is available on tillering characteristics and their relationships with high yield in the different patterns of water mechanical-direct-seeding cultivation in rice have not been understood. The experiments were conducted using four varieties, conventional rice Changnongjing 7, super rice Nanjing 44, hybrid rice Yongyou 2638, and Yongyou7, to investigate the characteristics of tillers emergence and panicle formation and its productivity and contribution to yield by the two mechanical-direct-seeded planting patterns-hole seeding and seeding in drill cultivation. The results indicated that the tillers emergence and the panicle rates were significantly affected by the different mechanical-direct-seeding patterns. In the two planting patterns, the leaf position number of tillers emergence in the main stem were five, namely leaf 1/0 to leaf 5/0 and secondary tillers group emerged mainly in 1/1, 2/1, and 1/2 with the difference in four varieties. The percentage of primary tillers emergence of different leaf positions in hole seeding pattern was lower than that of seeding in drill pattern, but was higher than the percentage of secondary tillers emergence. The percentage of primary tillers emergence in 3/0 and 4/0 was 100%. Tertiary tillers and even more grades tillers did not initiate in the two planting patterns. The grain yield of all four rice varieties under the hole seeding pattern was higher than that of the seeding in drill pattern（p〈0.05）, and the different planting patterns affected the earbearing percentage of tillers and their contribution to high yield（p〈0.05）. The tillers of 1/0 to 5/0 in the main stem were able to earbear, among them 1/0 to 3/0 were main leaf positions with higher perc

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:agricultural machinery seed crops rice mechanical-direct-seeded hole seeding seeding in drill tillering characteristic

課題項目：國家“十二五”科技支撐計劃重大項目（2011BAD16B03）; 超級稻配套栽培技術(shù)開發(fā)與集成（農(nóng)業(yè)部專項）; 公益性行業(yè)（農(nóng)業(yè)）科研專項（201303102）

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：不同機(jī)械直播方式對水稻分蘗特性及產(chǎn)量的影響，，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。