【摘要】：故障指示器是電力部門查找配電線路故障的重要工具之一。由于其價(jià)格低廉、安裝方便靈活,無需停電裝卸,加之目前很多產(chǎn)品將短路檢測功能與接地檢測功能合在一起,更加方便了用戶查找短路和接地兩種故障,在市場上頗受歡迎。但是故障檢測準(zhǔn)確率以及系統(tǒng)功耗一直是其主要難題。 本文介紹了基于CC430單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的故障指示器設(shè)計(jì)方案,該指示器能準(zhǔn)確指示故障類型和故障地點(diǎn),并可將故障情況通過無線通信模塊發(fā)送到監(jiān)測中心,便于對(duì)電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行控制。CC430單片機(jī)的引入,簡化了故障指示器的硬件電路,加之該單片機(jī)具有超低功耗的特性,使得整個(gè)系統(tǒng)可在線路無故障時(shí)超低功耗運(yùn)行。本方案選用了集成有CC1101無線射頻模塊的CC430f5137型號(hào)單片機(jī),節(jié)約了設(shè)計(jì)成本,提高了系統(tǒng)的集成度。針對(duì)故障檢測準(zhǔn)確率問題,選取了一組較為合理的故障指示判據(jù)。同時(shí)提出了基于小波變換和傅里葉變換的改進(jìn)的電網(wǎng)電流諧波幅值提取方法,兩階段法。兩階段法將諧波幅值提取過程分為兩個(gè)階段,第一階段通過小波變換剝離采樣信號(hào)中的非穩(wěn)態(tài)分量,第二階段使用加窗傅里葉變換求得各次諧波幅值。通過對(duì)小波變換、加窗傅里葉變換以及兩階段法進(jìn)行仿真研究,可知兩階段法提取諧波幅值具有更高精度。 本文設(shè)計(jì)新型故障指示器具有體積小,重量輕,報(bào)警清晰,使用壽命長,成本低、免維護(hù)以及具有“遙信”功能等特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Fault indicator is one of the important tools for power departments to find distribution line faults. Because of its low price, convenient and flexible installation, no power outage loading and unloading, in addition, many products combine short circuit detection function with grounding detection function, which makes it more convenient for users to find short circuit and grounding faults, which is very popular in the market. However, the accuracy of fault detection and the power consumption of the system have always been the main problems. This paper introduces the design scheme of fault indicator based on CC430 single chip microcomputer system. The indicator can accurately indicate the fault type and fault location, and can send the fault situation to the monitoring center through wireless communication module, which is convenient to control the power grid. CC430 single chip microcomputer simplifies the hardware circuit of the fault indicator, in addition, the single chip microcomputer has the characteristics of ultra-low power consumption. So that the whole system can run at ultra-low power consumption when the line is fault-free. In this scheme, the CC430f5137 model single chip microcomputer integrated with CC1101 radio frequency module is selected, which saves the design cost and improves the integration of the system. In order to solve the problem of fault detection accuracy, a set of reasonable fault indication criteria is selected. At the same time, an improved current harmonic amplitude extraction method based on wavelet transform and Fourier transform is proposed, which is a two-stage method. The process of harmonic amplitude extraction is divided into two stages by two-stage method. In the first stage, the unstable components in the sampled signal are stripped by wavelet transform, and in the second stage, the windowed Fourier transform is used to obtain the amplitude of each harmonic. Through the simulation of wavelet transform, windowed Fourier transform and two-stage method, it can be seen that the two-stage method has higher accuracy in extracting harmonic amplitude. In this paper, a new fault indicator is designed, which has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, clear alarm, long service life, low cost, no maintenance and "remote signal" function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TM755;TP368.12

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