【摘要】：近年我國在航天領(lǐng)域長足進步，因其特殊的航天背景，自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的處理器設(shè)計對于航天嵌入式系統(tǒng)來說具有極高的戰(zhàn)略意義。同時，因為航天專用處理器的高輻射空間工作環(huán)境問題，單粒子翻轉(zhuǎn)引起的處理器失效問題不容忽視，所以針對此問題的處理器加固是必不可少的。 本文對比研究了CISC和RISC架構(gòu)的處理器，因航天專用處理器功能相對精簡單一的原因，本文的處理器設(shè)計選用指令更精簡的RISC架構(gòu)。本文的處理器設(shè)計采用Top-Down思路，將處理器由頂層劃分至四級流水線結(jié)構(gòu)，提高了指令的執(zhí)行效率，再將每級流水操作單元向下劃分為各個具體功能單元，以實現(xiàn)總體設(shè)計。本文針對航天專用處理器易失效的結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析，總結(jié)多種失效機制，對比分析指出其中寄存器單元最易受單粒子翻轉(zhuǎn)影響，采用海明碼編碼和三模冗余的兩種加固方法，實現(xiàn)對處理器的防單粒子翻轉(zhuǎn)加固設(shè)計。 使用高層次語言結(jié)構(gòu)的方法，對電路設(shè)計進行功能驗證。驗證結(jié)果表明，處理器及其加固的設(shè)計能夠正常工作，滿足了設(shè)計的預期規(guī)格。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China has made great progress in the field of spaceflight. Because of its special space background, the processor design of independent intellectual property rights is of great strategic significance for aerospace embedded systems. At the same time, because of the high radiation space working environment of aerospace special processor, the processor failure caused by single particle flip can not be ignored, so it is necessary to strengthen the processor to solve this problem. In this paper, the processors of CISC and RISC are compared and studied. Because of the relatively simple and single function of aerospace special processors, the RISC architecture with simpler instructions is selected in the processor design of this paper. The processor design of this paper adopts the idea of Top-Down, divides the processor from the top level to the four-stage pipeline structure, improves the execution efficiency of the instruction, and then divides the pipeline operation unit of each level down into each specific functional unit, so as to realize the overall design. In this paper, the failure structure of aerospace special processor is analyzed, and a variety of failure mechanisms are summarized. It is pointed out that the register unit is most easily affected by single particle flip, and two reinforcement methods of hamming code coding and three-mode redundancy are adopted. The design of anti-single particle flip reinforcement of processor is realized. The function of circuit design is verified by using the method of high level language structure. The verification results show that the design of the processor and its reinforcement can work normally and meet the expected specifications of the design.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP332

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