【摘要】：在手術(shù)進行中，如果病人的呼吸系統(tǒng)自身發(fā)生了病變，又或者某個呼吸器官病變，他們逐步惡化必然影響到呼吸中樞；人體內(nèi)部臟器發(fā)生異變，，同樣累及呼吸系統(tǒng)；呼吸系統(tǒng)的衰竭更會致使其它內(nèi)臟的衰竭；他們互為因果，所以我們必須高度重視手術(shù)中病人呼吸的監(jiān)測與管理。目前國際公認(rèn)術(shù)中病人呼吸功能的規(guī)范化監(jiān)測對于防止呼吸系統(tǒng)的不良反應(yīng)或事故發(fā)生，保障病人的安全至關(guān)重要。呼吸音是對病人呼吸功能進行檢測的一種重要手段，病人的潮氣量、肺通氣功能、肺容量、呼吸動力學(xué)、換氣功能和血液氣體分析等都可由呼吸音體現(xiàn)出來，有不可取代的優(yōu)勢。但是，傳統(tǒng)的呼吸音監(jiān)測主要是聽診器聽診肺部，醫(yī)生做出主觀判斷，存在多方面的不足。用可視化波形顯示、運算處理后提取特征參數(shù)，建立特征參數(shù)庫表征呼吸功能，將在手術(shù)中呼吸監(jiān)測有很大的實用價值。 本文在分析了當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外呼吸功能監(jiān)測分析系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，運用數(shù)字信號處理技術(shù)，設(shè)計了基于DSP的手術(shù)中病人呼吸音信號實時監(jiān)測顯示、存儲與運算分析處理的系統(tǒng)。 本系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計首先用HKY-06F呼吸音傳感器采集手術(shù)中病人的呼吸音信號， TMS320VC5509A為主控芯片，控制AIC23芯片對信號模數(shù)和數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換。DSP處理后的數(shù)據(jù)送于KM12864LCD顯示模塊中顯示，存儲數(shù)據(jù)時設(shè)計了4G的SD卡存儲模塊，完成移動存儲功能。最后用TL16C550芯片擴展設(shè)計了串口通信模塊，可在電腦上通過一個GUI應(yīng)用程序方便地將呼吸音提取出來顯示或分析。軟件部分是在CCS3.3開發(fā)環(huán)境下C語言編寫的程序，使主控芯片與各子模塊正常運行并完成FIR濾波處理，潮氣量、頻率、能量均值等部分呼吸音特征參數(shù)提取。 最后，對設(shè)計好的呼吸音監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)進行了調(diào)試與結(jié)果分析，使該監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)初步完成以下功能：液晶圖形顯示下實時監(jiān)測病人的呼吸音信號，數(shù)據(jù)SD卡存儲、串口通信功能。很好的實現(xiàn)了手術(shù)中呼吸功能監(jiān)測的目的，可應(yīng)用在輔助手術(shù)中，保證病人的生命安全。
[Abstract]:In the course of operation, if the patient's respiratory system has its own pathological changes, or a disease of a respiratory organ, they will gradually deteriorate to affect the respiratory center, the internal organs of the human body will change, and the respiratory system will also be involved. Respiratory failure is more likely to cause other viscera failure; they are causality, so we must attach great importance to the monitoring and management of breathing in patients undergoing surgery. At present, it is recognized that the standardized monitoring of patients' respiratory function during operation is very important to prevent adverse reactions or accidents of respiratory system and to ensure the safety of patients. Respiratory sound is an important method to measure the respiratory function of patients. The tidal volume, pulmonary ventilation function, lung volume, respiratory dynamics, ventilation function and blood gas analysis of patients can all be reflected by breath sounds. There is an irreplaceable advantage. However, the traditional monitoring of respiratory sounds is mainly stethoscope auscultation lung, doctors make subjective judgment, there are many shortcomings. Visual waveform display, extraction of characteristic parameters after operation, and establishment of feature parameter library to characterize respiratory function will be of great practical value in respiratory monitoring during surgery. Based on the analysis of the current respiratory function monitoring and analysis systems at home and abroad, this paper designs a real-time monitoring, storage and operation analysis system for respiratory sound signals of patients during operation based on DSP using digital signal processing technology. The hardware design of the system first uses HKY-06F respiratory sound sensor to collect the respiratory sound signal of the patient during operation. TMS320VC5509A is the main control chip, which controls the conversion between signal A / D and digital-analog signal on the AIC23 chip. The data processed by DSP is sent to the KM12864LCD display module to display. The storage module of 4G SD card is designed to realize the function of mobile storage. Finally, the serial communication module is designed with TL16C550 chip, which can be easily extracted and analyzed by a GUI application program on the computer. The software part is a program written in C language under the CCS3.3 development environment, which makes the main control chip and each sub-module run normally and completes the FIR filtering processing, moisture volume, frequency, energy mean and other partial respiration characteristic parameters extraction. Finally, the designed respiratory sound monitoring system is debugged and analyzed, which makes the monitoring system perform the following functions: real time monitoring of patient's respiratory sound signal under LCD graphics, storage of data SD card and serial port communication function. The purpose of monitoring respiratory function during operation is well realized and can be used in auxiliary surgery to ensure the life safety of patients.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP368.1;TN911.7

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