【摘要】：多功能車(chē)輛總線(xiàn)(Multifunction Vehicle Bus,MVB)是列車(chē)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。為了更好地理解MVB,本文以列車(chē)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)為切入點(diǎn),闡述了列車(chē)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定義、特征、總線(xiàn)和兩層拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)包括MVB在內(nèi)的幾種常見(jiàn)的列車(chē)通信總線(xiàn)進(jìn)行分析和比較,簡(jiǎn)述了MVB遵守的實(shí)時(shí)協(xié)議以及國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)列車(chē)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究現(xiàn)狀。因?yàn)榱熊?chē)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種特殊的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線(xiàn),它的發(fā)展離不開(kāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線(xiàn)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,所以對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線(xiàn)中比較重要的調(diào)度理論進(jìn)行了深入的探討,對(duì)調(diào)度算法的分類(lèi)和典型算法以及算法的可行性分析進(jìn)行了總結(jié)性的概括。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)MVB的設(shè)備、信息類(lèi)型、介質(zhì)分配、報(bào)文進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。重點(diǎn)研究了MVB非周期信息的調(diào)度機(jī)制,對(duì)調(diào)度流程、調(diào)度步驟中的關(guān)鍵幀以及信息碰撞時(shí)的仲裁過(guò)程進(jìn)行深入的研究。最后介紹了MVB常用的幾種動(dòng)態(tài)性能指標(biāo)。通過(guò)對(duì)協(xié)議中標(biāo)準(zhǔn)調(diào)度策略的分析得知,在調(diào)度過(guò)程中由并發(fā)信息造成的仲裁延時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)信息的實(shí)時(shí)性造成較大的影響,同優(yōu)先級(jí)信息的調(diào)度順序也僅僅是按照信息被搜索到的順序設(shè)定的,沒(méi)有考慮到不同信息的時(shí)間特征要求的不同。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,現(xiàn)有的方法優(yōu)化效果有限,也不能滿(mǎn)足實(shí)際情況的要求。基于此種狀況,本文提出了一種新的調(diào)度策略,通過(guò)填充幀的使用和信息列表幀的設(shè)計(jì),使得調(diào)度過(guò)程可以避免并發(fā)信息的搜索過(guò)程。同一從設(shè)備上的后來(lái)信息如果時(shí)限要求較嚴(yán),本文策略可以大大減小它們的等待延時(shí)。這樣對(duì)于信息的實(shí)時(shí)性有了較大的改善。同優(yōu)先級(jí)信息按照信息的時(shí)限要求進(jìn)行調(diào)度,更加符合實(shí)際情況。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,本文策略與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)策略、SFS調(diào)度策略相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果在四種性能指標(biāo)上全面占優(yōu)。這說(shuō)明了本文策略在改善信息實(shí)時(shí)性方面的有效性。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證本文策略在設(shè)備數(shù)量增加的情況下的較大優(yōu)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:Multifunctional vehicle bus (Multifunction Vehicle Bus,MVB) is an important part of train communication network system. In order to better understand MVB, the definition, characteristics, bus and two-layer topology of train communication network are expounded, and several common train communication buses, including MVB, are analyzed and compared. This paper briefly introduces the real-time protocol of MVB and the research status of train communication network at home and abroad. Because the train communication network is a special field bus, its development can not be separated from the progress of the field bus technology, so the more important dispatching theory in the field bus is deeply discussed. The classification of scheduling algorithm, the typical algorithm and the feasibility analysis of the algorithm are summarized. On this basis, this paper analyzes the equipment, information type, medium distribution and message of MVB in detail. The scheduling mechanism of MVB aperiodic information is studied emphatically, and the scheduling process, the key frames in the scheduling step and the arbitration process in the event of information collision are deeply studied. At last, several dynamic performance indexes of MVB are introduced. Through the analysis of the standard scheduling policy in the protocol, we know that the arbitration delay caused by concurrent information in the scheduling process will have a great impact on the real-time of the information. The scheduling order of the same priority information is only set according to the order in which the information is searched, and the time characteristic requirements of different information are not taken into account. For these problems, the existing optimization methods have limited effect and can not meet the requirements of the actual situation. Based on this situation, a new scheduling strategy is proposed in this paper, which can avoid the concurrent information searching process by using the fill frame and the design of the information list frame. If the time limit of the later information on the same slave device is strict, the waiting delay can be greatly reduced. In this way, the real-time information has been greatly improved. The same priority information is scheduled according to the time limit of the information, which is more in line with the actual situation. The experimental results show that compared with the standard policy and the SFS scheduling strategy, the experimental results are superior to each other in four kinds of performance indexes. This shows the effectiveness of this strategy in improving the real-time information. Through the comparison of experiments, it is proved that this strategy has a great advantage in the case of increasing the number of equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U270.382

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