【摘要】：在通信電臺(tái)系統(tǒng)中,時(shí)鐘同步單元是電臺(tái)電臺(tái)收發(fā)信機(jī)中的組成部分,完成系統(tǒng)所需時(shí)鐘的產(chǎn)生與分發(fā)等功能。公司原時(shí)鐘同步單元板卡在硬件方面,所使用的主處理器PowerPC外圍接口少,因此需要大量外圍擴(kuò)展電路,增加了設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜性；在軟件方面,由于采用定制的VxWorks的版權(quán)與不開(kāi)源問(wèn)題,應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)復(fù)雜、可移植性差。 為了解決開(kāi)發(fā)中遇到的上述問(wèn)題,論文在分析時(shí)鐘同步單元板卡功能需求的基礎(chǔ)上,重新選擇了主處理器、操作系統(tǒng)和設(shè)計(jì)編寫(xiě)了驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。主處理器選擇的是IMX25處理器,該處理器是基于ARM926EJS核心芯片的高性能ARM處理器,具有400MHz的主頻和豐富的外圍接口。使用其作為主處理器可以簡(jiǎn)化外圍電路設(shè)計(jì),縮短硬件開(kāi)發(fā)周期。操作系統(tǒng)選擇了嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性高、內(nèi)核精悍,運(yùn)行所需資源較少,而且網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能強(qiáng)大,非常適合于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用。 在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文遵循基于ARM的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的一般流程,重新設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了時(shí)鐘同步板卡單元。論文主要完成的工作包括以下內(nèi)容：(1)深入研究了嵌入式系統(tǒng)的組成,嵌入式微處理器ARM,嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)知識(shí),選擇并使用飛思卡爾公司32位精簡(jiǎn)指令集架構(gòu)的嵌入式微處理器iMX25來(lái)搭建系統(tǒng)硬件平臺(tái),使用嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng)來(lái)進(jìn)行作為主控制系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行板卡。(2)分析以往通信電臺(tái)板卡單元的設(shè)計(jì),根據(jù)實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,設(shè)計(jì)板卡總體方案。(3)參考以往通信電臺(tái)相關(guān)板卡硬件設(shè)計(jì),包括各個(gè)硬件芯片手冊(cè)的研讀、電路圖設(shè)計(jì)、元器件選型、信號(hào)完整性仿真等完成單板硬件板卡調(diào)試。(4)分析了ARM處理器開(kāi)發(fā)的流程,研究了ARM處理器模式、寄存器、指令系統(tǒng)；(5)分析研究后選擇合適的Bootloader、適當(dāng)?shù)那度胧絃inux系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核版本、文件系統(tǒng)和基于該系統(tǒng)的板卡個(gè)器件的驅(qū)動(dòng)。(6)完成了基于iMX25芯片的U-boot移植、嵌入式系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核裁剪和移植、文件系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建、驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的開(kāi)發(fā)和板卡調(diào)試,為板卡的高層應(yīng)用程序調(diào)試做好準(zhǔn)備。
[Abstract]:In the communication station system, the clock synchronization unit is an integral part of the transceiver, which can produce and distribute the clock needed by the system. In the hardware aspect of the original clock synchronous unit board card, the main processor PowerPC peripheral interface is few, so a large number of peripheral expansion circuits are needed, and the design complexity is increased. In software, application development is complicated and portability is poor due to copyright and non-open source problems of custom VxWorks. In order to solve the above problems encountered in the development of the paper on the basis of analyzing the functional requirements of the clock synchronous unit board card the main processor the operating system and the design of the driver are re-selected. The main processor is IMX25 processor, which is a high performance ARM processor based on ARM926EJS core chip. It has the main frequency of 400MHz and rich peripheral interface. Using it as the main processor can simplify the peripheral circuit design and shorten the hardware development cycle. The operating system chooses the embedded Linux system. The system has high stability, strong kernel, less resources to run, and powerful network function, so it is very suitable for the application of embedded system. On this basis, the thesis redesigns and implements the clock synchronization card unit according to the general flow of embedded system design based on ARM. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the composition of embedded system and the knowledge of embedded Linux operating system of embedded microprocessor ARM, are studied deeply. Select and use Freescale 32-bit reduced instruction set architecture embedded microprocessor iMX25 to build the hardware platform of the system. The embedded Linux operating system is used to carry out the operation board as the main control system. (2) the design of the board card unit of the communication station in the past is analyzed. (3) referring to the related card hardware design of the previous communication station, including the study of each hardware chip manual, circuit diagram design, components selection, The signal integrity simulation is used to debug the single board hardware board. (4) the development process of ARM processor is analyzed, and the ARM processor mode, register and instruction system are studied. (5) selecting the appropriate Bootloader, kernel version of embedded Linux system, the file system and the driver of the board card based on the system. (6) the U-boot transplant based on iMX25 chip is completed. The kernel of embedded system is cut and transplanted, the file system is constructed, the driver is developed and the board is debugged, so as to prepare for the debugging of the high-level application program of the board.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TN859;TP368.12

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