DNA計算在DNA密碼中的應用研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-17 14:02
【摘要】：DNA計算是近年來迅速發(fā)展起來的新型計算技術,以前我們只是單純的把現(xiàn)實模型轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)學模型來求解,但是現(xiàn)在DNA計算給我們的疑難數(shù)學問題又提供了一個便捷的解決方式,它把抽象的數(shù)學問題形象化的轉(zhuǎn)為生物問題,從另-個角度來解決數(shù)學問題的計算方法,DNA計算是根據(jù)DNA分子的雙螺旋結構和堿基互補配對原則,首先將要處理的數(shù)學問題轉(zhuǎn)化成已編碼的特定的DNA分子,然后通過然后通過酶的作用,得到各種數(shù)據(jù),然后聚合酶鏈式反應(PCR)、超聲波降解、聚合重疊放大技術(POA)、電泳、分子純化等現(xiàn)代分子生物技術手段獲得運算結果；最后通過測序等方法解讀計算結果。 DNA計算的核心問題是將已知信息進行標記然后打亂放入被編碼的DNA序列中,在經(jīng)過一定時間內(nèi)所完成生物化學反應,使得可以從反應后的產(chǎn)物及溶液中能得到全部的解空間。而且因為DNA分子具有生物算法的高度的并行性和其貯存的容量非�？捎^且耗能極少,因此DNA計算機與常規(guī)電子計算機相比,是具有其獨特的優(yōu)勢的,這使得DNA計算比起己知的計算方式更具有優(yōu)勢。 DNA密碼是近年來才出現(xiàn)的密碼新領域,它比已知的密碼更具有保密性,它是建立在DNA計算的基礎上出現(xiàn)的。DNA密碼是以DNA分子做為信息載體,使用現(xiàn)代生物技術來挖掘DNA分子帶有的存儲容量大和高度并行性及低耗能等優(yōu)點,實現(xiàn)分析、加密、認證等密碼學功能。 在密碼發(fā)展史上,我們知道出現(xiàn)過古典密碼、近代密碼、現(xiàn)代密碼,隨著密碼的發(fā)展,各宗密碼的有缺點已經(jīng)了然于心,但是隨著密碼的發(fā)展密碼的缺點由不能確保消息的安全性,有極大的可能被篡改、刪除、重放被極大的修正了,而且還多了認證防偽技術。這無一不說明著密碼的飛速發(fā)展,但是現(xiàn)在密碼學局限于代碼的數(shù)量、代碼的復雜度、代碼的安全性及代碼被人們所熟知從而密鑰喪失了其秘密性,使得密碼有種岌岌可危的危險性,正是在這種情況下,DNA密碼應運而生。 DNA分子的脫氧核糖、磷酸和4種含氮堿基及堿基互補原則,使得DNA分子所能表達的信息所含容量之大(一段20堿基的DNA序列,其組合方式可高達一萬億種),并其獨一無二的特性,可以了解到將DNA計算和密碼組合起來形成的DNA密碼的前景之廣闊是毋庸置疑的,基于DNA序列的高度復雜性和獨一無二性使得DNA密碼將會成為終極密碼,為密碼學的前進指引了方向。 因此,本文所述的DNA計算技術、密碼技術及其融合在一起所形成的DNA密碼技術是有其積極意義的,本文從詳細說明DNA計算的形成、發(fā)展、及其優(yōu)勢特點和密碼學的形成、發(fā)展、及其優(yōu)勢特點,從而導出二者結合的DNA密碼的終端優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:DNA computing is a new computing technology developed rapidly in recent years. In the past, we simply converted the real model into the mathematical model to solve it, but now the DNA computing has provided us with a convenient solution to the difficult mathematical problems. It transforms abstract mathematical problems into biological problems and solves mathematical problems from another angle. DNA calculation is based on the principle of double helix structure of DNA molecule and complementary pair of bases. First, the mathematical problems to be dealt with are transformed into specific DNA molecules that have been encoded, and then, by the action of enzymes, various kinds of data are obtained, followed by ultrasonic degradation of (PCR), by polymerase chain reaction, and (POA), electrophoresis by polymeric overlapping amplification technique. The core problem of DNA calculation is to mark the known information and put it into the encoded DNA sequence. The complete solution space can be obtained from the product and solution of the reaction in a certain time after the completion of the biochemical reaction. Moreover, because of the high parallelism of biological algorithms, the considerable storage capacity and the minimal energy consumption of DNA molecules, DNA computers have unique advantages over conventional electronic computers. This gives DNA computing an advantage over known computing methods. DNA cryptography is a new area of cryptography that has emerged in recent years and is more secure than known passwords. It is based on the DNA computation. DNA cipher uses DNA molecule as information carrier, uses modern biological technology to exploit the advantages of large storage capacity, high parallelism and low energy consumption of DNA molecule, and realizes analysis and encryption. Authentication and other cryptographic functions. In the history of cipher development, we know that there have been classical cipher, modern cipher, with the development of cipher, the shortcomings of each cipher have been understood. However, with the development of cryptography, the shortcomings of cryptography can not ensure the security of messages, so it is very possible to tamper, delete, replay, and also has a lot of authentication and anti-counterfeiting technology. But now cryptography is limited to the number of codes, the complexity of the code, the security of the code, and the code, so that the key loses its secrecy. It is in this case that DNA codes emerge as the times require. The principles of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four nitrogen-containing bases and bases complement each other for DNA molecules. Making the information expressed by DNA molecules so large (a 20-base DNA sequence that can be combined in as many as 1 trillion), and having unique properties, There is no doubt that there is no doubt about the broad prospect of DNA ciphers formed by combining DNA computation and cryptography. Based on the high complexity and uniqueness of DNA sequences, DNA cryptography will become the ultimate password. It provides the direction for the progress of cryptography. Therefore, the DNA computing technology, cryptography technology and the DNA cryptographic technology formed by their fusion are of positive significance. This paper describes the formation, development, advantages and characteristics of DNA computing, and the formation and development of cryptography. And its advantages, so as to derive the terminal advantages of the DNA cipher combined with the two.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TN918.1;TP38
本文編號：2276894
[Abstract]:DNA computing is a new computing technology developed rapidly in recent years. In the past, we simply converted the real model into the mathematical model to solve it, but now the DNA computing has provided us with a convenient solution to the difficult mathematical problems. It transforms abstract mathematical problems into biological problems and solves mathematical problems from another angle. DNA calculation is based on the principle of double helix structure of DNA molecule and complementary pair of bases. First, the mathematical problems to be dealt with are transformed into specific DNA molecules that have been encoded, and then, by the action of enzymes, various kinds of data are obtained, followed by ultrasonic degradation of (PCR), by polymerase chain reaction, and (POA), electrophoresis by polymeric overlapping amplification technique. The core problem of DNA calculation is to mark the known information and put it into the encoded DNA sequence. The complete solution space can be obtained from the product and solution of the reaction in a certain time after the completion of the biochemical reaction. Moreover, because of the high parallelism of biological algorithms, the considerable storage capacity and the minimal energy consumption of DNA molecules, DNA computers have unique advantages over conventional electronic computers. This gives DNA computing an advantage over known computing methods. DNA cryptography is a new area of cryptography that has emerged in recent years and is more secure than known passwords. It is based on the DNA computation. DNA cipher uses DNA molecule as information carrier, uses modern biological technology to exploit the advantages of large storage capacity, high parallelism and low energy consumption of DNA molecule, and realizes analysis and encryption. Authentication and other cryptographic functions. In the history of cipher development, we know that there have been classical cipher, modern cipher, with the development of cipher, the shortcomings of each cipher have been understood. However, with the development of cryptography, the shortcomings of cryptography can not ensure the security of messages, so it is very possible to tamper, delete, replay, and also has a lot of authentication and anti-counterfeiting technology. But now cryptography is limited to the number of codes, the complexity of the code, the security of the code, and the code, so that the key loses its secrecy. It is in this case that DNA codes emerge as the times require. The principles of deoxyribose, phosphoric acid, and four nitrogen-containing bases and bases complement each other for DNA molecules. Making the information expressed by DNA molecules so large (a 20-base DNA sequence that can be combined in as many as 1 trillion), and having unique properties, There is no doubt that there is no doubt about the broad prospect of DNA ciphers formed by combining DNA computation and cryptography. Based on the high complexity and uniqueness of DNA sequences, DNA cryptography will become the ultimate password. It provides the direction for the progress of cryptography. Therefore, the DNA computing technology, cryptography technology and the DNA cryptographic technology formed by their fusion are of positive significance. This paper describes the formation, development, advantages and characteristics of DNA computing, and the formation and development of cryptography. And its advantages, so as to derive the terminal advantages of the DNA cipher combined with the two.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TN918.1;TP38
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相關期刊論文 前2條
1 盧明欣;來學嘉;肖國鎮(zhèn);秦磊;;基于DNA技術的對稱加密方法[J];中國科學(E輯:信息科學);2007年02期
2 崔光照;秦利敏;王延峰;張勛才;;DNA計算中的信息安全技術[J];計算機工程與應用;2007年20期
，本文編號：2276894
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