本文選題：嵌入式系統(tǒng) + 軟件能耗建模�。� 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著計算機技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,嵌入式系統(tǒng)的性能也不斷提高,嵌入式設(shè)備滲透到了人們生活生產(chǎn)的方方面面。其不僅應(yīng)用于通信、金融、交通、醫(yī)療、儀器儀表、制造業(yè)控制等民用領(lǐng)域,還應(yīng)用于航天航空和軍事裝備領(lǐng)域。由于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的廣泛應(yīng)用,它在應(yīng)用中所產(chǎn)生的能耗會給信息與通信技術(shù)行業(yè)以及社會環(huán)境帶來不良影響。針對此問題,本文就嵌入式系統(tǒng)能耗角度考慮,對其中相關(guān)的三個層級進(jìn)行能耗估算模型的建立與分析。嵌入式系統(tǒng)是針對特定功能而開發(fā)的計算機系統(tǒng),是一個軟硬件結(jié)合的綜合系統(tǒng),它的硬件組成與軟件組成是不能分割的。對于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的能耗分析研究,需要分別從硬件能耗、軟件能耗以及硬件與軟件的相關(guān)性等多方面對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究。本文對硬件層結(jié)構(gòu)以及與硬件層相關(guān)的軟件層的主要功能進(jìn)行逐層分析,研究底層的片級能耗以及與硬件相關(guān)的BSP級和驅(qū)動級能耗,完成了以下工作:1.研究分析了嵌入式系統(tǒng)的硬件組成結(jié)構(gòu)和軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu),并對硬件層和軟件層的能耗相關(guān)研究工作進(jìn)行了分類綜述。2.建立了基于傳統(tǒng)的Petri網(wǎng)的片級能耗模型。在滿足系統(tǒng)性能度量指標(biāo)條件下的片級硬件結(jié)構(gòu)模型中,將硬件功能模塊劃分為處理器、存儲器、輸入輸出和外設(shè)四個功能模塊,分析各功能模塊之間在工作模式下所產(chǎn)生的能耗量。3.建立了BSP級和驅(qū)動級的能耗模型,并以LCD為例分別進(jìn)行了能耗估算。首先分析了板級支持包BSP對硬件設(shè)備的初始化工作,并將各初始化狀態(tài)抽象成狀態(tài)連通圖,分析出各初始化階段產(chǎn)生的能耗與初始化程序、初始化時間有關(guān),建立了BSP級的能耗模型;其次以字符設(shè)備為例分析了驅(qū)動程序中的I/O服務(wù)程序、設(shè)備驅(qū)動子程序、中斷服務(wù)程序,建立驅(qū)動級的能耗模型;最后分別對兩者進(jìn)行能耗估算實驗。4.建立了底層片級到系統(tǒng)級總能耗模型。聯(lián)系層級之間的關(guān)系,建立了總的結(jié)構(gòu)模型,并以LCD的驅(qū)動流程為例,對其過程產(chǎn)生的能耗進(jìn)行估算;然后將能耗模型估算結(jié)果與能耗模擬器結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比實驗,實驗結(jié)果證明了模型估算的有效性�？偨Y(jié)以上的研究工作內(nèi)容,分析了嵌入式系統(tǒng)與硬件相關(guān)層級對硬件設(shè)備產(chǎn)生能耗的過程,建立了三層級的總能耗模型,通過實驗結(jié)果分析,達(dá)到了將抽象的系統(tǒng)能耗具體化的基本目的。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對源程序進(jìn)行了能耗優(yōu)化與分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology, the performance of the embedded system is also rising, embedded devices penetrated into people's lives and production aspects. It is not only used in communications, finance, transportation, medical, instrumentation, manufacturing industry control fields, also used in aerospace and military equipment field. Because of the embedded system Widely used in the application of the energy it produces will give information and communication technology industry and the social environment adversely affected. Aiming at this problem, in this paper, the energy consumption of embedded system point of view, the establishment and analysis of the three levels of the energy consumption estimation model. The embedded system is a specific function and development plan The computer system is an integrated system of hardware and software, the hardware and software composition are inseparable. The energy consumption of embedded system needs analysis, separately from the hardware and software of energy consumption, energy consumption of hardware and software related and other aspects of the system to research. In this paper the hardware structure and layer the hardware layer The main function of the software layer by layer analysis of the underlying level of energy consumption and related hardware BSP level and driver level energy consumption, complete the following work: 1. research and analysis of embedded system hardware and software architecture, and the hardware layer and the software layer of energy related research work the comprehensive classification The.2. established a chip level energy consumption model based on the traditional Petri network. Chip level hardware structure model to meet system performance metrics under the condition, the hardware function modules for the processor, memory, input and output peripherals four function modules, analysis of energy consumption of each function module in.3. between work mode the establishment of The energy consumption model BSP level and driver level, and in the case of LCD were the estimation of energy consumption is analyzed. BSP board support package for hardware initialization, and the initialization state into the abstract state graph, analysis of energy consumption and the initial program the initialization phase, the initialization time, the establishment of the BSP class Energy model; secondly, as an example to analyze the character of the device driver in the I/O service program, device driver subroutine, interrupt service program, the establishment of driving model of energy consumption level; finally carried respectively experimental estimation of energy consumption.4. established the bottom sheet level to system level model. The total energy consumption level relations between the establishment of a total the knot Constitutive model, and the driver of the LCD process as an example, the process of energy consumption was estimated; then the results were compared with the energy consumption simulator experimental energy consumption estimation model, the experimental results proved the validity of the model estimate. Summarizes the research work mentioned above, analysis of the embedded system and related hardware level of hardware equipment The process of energy consumption, the total energy consumption of three level model is established, through the analysis of experimental results, to achieve the basic purpose of the system energy from abstract to concrete. On this basis, the source program is optimized and analyzed the energy consumption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP368.1;TP301.1

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本文編號：2046791