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  本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)采集 + 聲發(fā)射�。� 參考：《重慶大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：該論文通過采集機械設(shè)備加工過程中產(chǎn)生的聲發(fā)射信號，實時的對這些信號進行分析處理，可以診斷機械設(shè)備的故障和對機械設(shè)備的運行狀態(tài)做出實時的監(jiān)測。設(shè)計了一種以DSP和USB為核心的實時高速的聲發(fā)射信號采集系統(tǒng)。 本文首先闡述了基于DSP和USB的高速數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的應用原理，根據(jù)本系統(tǒng)的要求和功能設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)框架，主要由信號采集模塊、分析處理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊、顯示存儲模塊等主要模塊組成。根據(jù)各個模塊的技術(shù)特點，提出了相應的功能需求。 在硬件設(shè)計方面，采用模塊化的設(shè)計思想，分別設(shè)計了信號采集模塊、分析處理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊的硬件電路。其中，采集模塊包括聲發(fā)射傳感器、前置放大器、主放大器、AD轉(zhuǎn)換器。分析處理模塊中，選擇了DSP為核心處理器，，并設(shè)計了相關(guān)外圍電路，主要包含電源、時鐘、復位、JTAG接口以及外擴存儲器電路。傳輸模塊是整個系統(tǒng)與PC主機的接口部分，以USB為核心的傳輸芯片，通過USB2.0協(xié)議，實現(xiàn)了把分析處理后的數(shù)據(jù)從DSP，經(jīng)過USB上傳到PC主機。 在軟件設(shè)計方面，主要進行了DSP程序設(shè)計、USB的固件設(shè)計和驅(qū)動程序設(shè)計、應用程序設(shè)計。DSP程序設(shè)計主要介紹了DSP的開發(fā)環(huán)境、DSP的初始化、對信號的濾波、變換標度以及特征信息提取。本論文還詳細介紹了USB的固件框架，驅(qū)動程序模型以及用戶應用程序設(shè)計的過程。 根據(jù)系統(tǒng)特點，分析了系統(tǒng)形成干擾的原因，并提出了相應的抗干擾技術(shù)，詳細闡述了硬件抗干擾技術(shù)和軟件抗干擾技術(shù)的設(shè)計方案。 最后，進行了聲發(fā)射采集系統(tǒng)的磨削監(jiān)控試驗，選擇了數(shù)控磨削系統(tǒng)為試驗平臺，通過磨削監(jiān)控試驗證實了以AE信號作為監(jiān)控磨削狀態(tài)的可行性。并根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果確定了用于監(jiān)控磨削狀態(tài)的AE振鈴計數(shù)與均方根閾值，通過實際磨削試驗表明利用所研制的聲發(fā)射采集監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)進行機床反饋控制是可行的。
[Abstract]:By collecting the acoustic emission signals produced in the machining process of mechanical equipment and analyzing and processing these signals in real time, this paper can diagnose the fault of mechanical equipment and monitor the running state of mechanical equipment in real time. A real-time and high-speed acoustic emission signal acquisition system based on DSP and USB is designed. In this paper, the application principle of high-speed data acquisition system based on DSP and USB is introduced. According to the requirements and functions of the system, the structure of the system is designed, which is mainly composed of signal acquisition module, analysis processing module and data transmission module. Display storage module and other main modules. According to the technical characteristics of each module, the corresponding functional requirements are put forward. In the aspect of hardware design, the hardware circuits of signal acquisition module, analysis and processing module and data transmission module are designed using modular design idea. The acquisition module includes acoustic emission sensor, preamplifier, main amplifier and AD converter. In the analysis and processing module, DSP is selected as the core processor, and the related peripheral circuits are designed, including power supply, clock, reset JTAG interface and external memory circuit. The transmission module is the interface part of the whole system and PC host. The transmission chip with USB as the core realizes the analysis and processing data from DSP and uploads it to PC host through USB. In the aspect of software design, the firmware design and driver program design of DSP are mainly carried out. The application program design. DSP program design mainly introduces the initialization of DSP development environment and the filtering of signal. Transform scale and feature information extraction. This paper also introduces the firmware framework of USB, driver model and the process of user application design in detail. According to the characteristics of the system, the causes of interference are analyzed, and the corresponding anti-interference technology is put forward, and the design scheme of hardware anti-jamming technology and software anti-jamming technology is described in detail. Finally, the grinding monitoring test of acoustic emission acquisition system is carried out, and the CNC grinding system is selected as the test platform. The feasibility of using AE signal as the monitoring grinding state is proved by the grinding monitoring test. According to the experimental results, the AE ring count and root mean square threshold used to monitor grinding state are determined. The experimental results show that it is feasible to use the developed acoustic emission acquisition and monitoring system for machine tool feedback control.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP274.2;TP368.1

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本文編號：1976869