本文選題：KVM + 串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：虛擬化技術(shù)在最近幾年得到了飛速發(fā)展，能夠有效地提高處理器的利用率，并且處理器廠商相繼推出了支持虛擬化的處理器、芯片組等，如今，虛擬化技術(shù)被廣泛地應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。I/O設(shè)備虛擬化技術(shù)是將一臺(tái)高性能的物理設(shè)備虛擬成邏輯上獨(dú)立的多臺(tái)設(shè)備，而這些邏輯上獨(dú)立的虛擬機(jī)用來完成不同的應(yīng)用，這樣不僅可以增加應(yīng)用的安全性，也可以提高硬件資源的利用率。 在研究計(jì)算機(jī)虛擬化技術(shù)的基本理論和機(jī)制的基礎(chǔ)上，，研究了虛擬化的分類，然后著重研究KVM虛擬機(jī)的解決方案以及KVM虛擬機(jī)的執(zhí)行流程，并對(duì)VT-d技術(shù)在KVM中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了深入的分析。 從KVM的應(yīng)用出發(fā)，本文研究了KVM的實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟和使用方法。在用戶空間設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)了串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器。在此基礎(chǔ)上深入地研究了KVM虛擬串口設(shè)備的機(jī)制、KVM虛擬設(shè)備與用戶空間的通信機(jī)制，并分別對(duì)KVM模擬串口設(shè)備、KVM虛擬設(shè)備和用戶空間通信以及對(duì)Linux串口驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)方法進(jìn)行了充分的實(shí)驗(yàn)和測(cè)試，最終結(jié)合Linux串口驅(qū)動(dòng)及Linux的TTY設(shè)備模型，提出了一套在內(nèi)核空間Linux驅(qū)動(dòng)層實(shí)現(xiàn)串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器的解決方案。該方案將整個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過程移到Linux內(nèi)核空間，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過程中的數(shù)據(jù)在內(nèi)核空間流動(dòng)，不需要在內(nèi)核空間和用戶空間進(jìn)行切換，減少計(jì)算機(jī)的性能開銷。 本文還針對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)中使用最多的設(shè)備即PCI設(shè)備進(jìn)行了深入的研究。結(jié)合KVM中串口設(shè)備的模擬方法，深入地分析和研究了PCI設(shè)備在KVM中的模擬方法、通信機(jī)制，以及PCI設(shè)備的驅(qū)動(dòng)模型。設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)了在內(nèi)核空間多個(gè)KVM共享一個(gè)PCI設(shè)備的方案。 本文分別對(duì)用戶空間串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法、Linux內(nèi)核空間串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法、內(nèi)核空間多個(gè)KVM共享一個(gè)PCI設(shè)備的方法以及82576網(wǎng)卡使用VT-d技術(shù)進(jìn)行了實(shí)例化，并做了大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)和測(cè)試。實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，本文設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)的用戶空間串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器與內(nèi)核空間串口轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器都具有良好的穩(wěn)定性和通用性。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，內(nèi)核空間多個(gè)KVM共享一個(gè)PCI設(shè)備的方法是有效的，可以解決多個(gè)KVM虛擬設(shè)備共享一個(gè)PCI設(shè)備的問題。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果還說明VT-d技術(shù)在KVM中的應(yīng)用大大地提高了虛擬機(jī)的I/O性能。在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程中，系統(tǒng)能保持穩(wěn)定性和安全性，也證實(shí)了本文研究的設(shè)備虛擬化方法具有實(shí)際的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Virtualization technology has been rapidly developed in recent years, which can effectively improve the utilization of processors, and processor manufacturers have introduced virtualization support processors, chipsets, and so on. Virtualization technology is widely used in various fields. I / O device virtualization technology is to virtual a high-performance physical device into logically independent multiple devices, and these logically independent virtual machines are used to accomplish different applications. This can not only increase the security of the application, but also improve the utilization of hardware resources. On the basis of studying the basic theory and mechanism of computer virtualization, this paper studies the classification of virtualization, and then focuses on the solution of KVM virtual machine and the execution flow of KVM virtual machine. The application of VT-d technology in KVM is analyzed. Starting from the application of KVM, this paper studies the implementation steps and usage methods of KVM. The serial port transponder is designed and implemented in user space. On this basis, the communication mechanism between KVM virtual device and user space is studied deeply. The KVM simulation serial port device KVM virtual device and user space communication, and the Linux serial port driver forwarding method are fully tested and tested. Finally, the Linux serial port driver and Linux TTY device model are combined. This paper presents a solution to implement serial port transponder in kernel space Linux driver layer. In this scheme, the whole forwarding process is moved to the Linux kernel space, the data in the forwarding process flows in the kernel space, and there is no need to switch between the kernel space and the user space, so the performance overhead of the computer is reduced. In this paper, the most widely used equipment in the computer, that is, PCI equipment, is studied in depth. Combined with the simulation method of serial port device in KVM, the simulation method, communication mechanism and driver model of PCI device in KVM are analyzed and studied in detail. A scheme of sharing a single PCI device among multiple KVM in kernel space is designed and implemented. In this paper, the realization method of user space serial port transponder and the method of sharing a single PCI device with multiple KVM in kernel space and the instantiation of 82576 network card using VT-d technology are discussed respectively. And did a lot of experiments and tests. The experimental results show that both the user space serial port transponder and the kernel space serial port transponder designed and implemented in this paper have good stability and versatility. The experimental results show that the method of sharing one PCI device with multiple KVM in kernel space is effective and can solve the problem of multiple KVM virtual devices sharing one PCI device. The experimental results also show that the application of VT-d technology in KVM greatly improves the I / O performance of virtual machine. In the process of the above experiments, the system can maintain stability and security, and it also proves that the device virtualization method studied in this paper has practical application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TP302;TP334.7

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