本文選題：NCV門庫 + 可逆邏輯門�。� 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著集成電路規(guī)模和密度的不斷提高,芯片內(nèi)部導(dǎo)線的寬度不久將達(dá)到原子量級,量子效應(yīng)和源于不可逆邏輯運算的信息功耗的影響也相應(yīng)地越來越大。量子可逆邏輯電路是一類以可逆方式進(jìn)行邏輯運算的電路,它不會造成任何信息損失因而不會產(chǎn)生信息功耗,故可從源頭上突破集成電路發(fā)展的上述瓶頸;同時它又是量子計算的邏輯表達(dá)形式,因而具有極其重要的研究價值和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。量子可逆邏輯門是構(gòu)成可逆邏輯電路的基本元件,但其現(xiàn)有種類較少,設(shè)計難度較大。本文在詳細(xì)探討了可逆邏輯門的結(jié)構(gòu)特點、構(gòu)成難點以及研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,參考遺傳算法的思想以及現(xiàn)有可逆邏輯門的設(shè)計方法,對量子可逆邏輯門的進(jìn)化設(shè)計與優(yōu)化問題進(jìn)行了深入研究,具體研究內(nèi)容和成果主要如下:(1)通過詳細(xì)地分析與研究NCV基本量子門,獲得了基本量子門的重要結(jié)構(gòu)特征以及可逆邏輯門NCV實現(xiàn)方式的級聯(lián)陣列模型。(2)基于該模型本文提出了基于量子門結(jié)構(gòu)特性的整數(shù)陣列編碼方案。該方案使用符號集{0,1,2,3,4,5}可編碼任意可逆邏輯門,避免了所需構(gòu)建的編碼庫的規(guī)模隨輸入個數(shù)增加呈指數(shù)律增大的難題,簡化了算法的編碼復(fù)雜度。(3)為使遺傳算法能夠更好地適用于可逆邏輯門的進(jìn)化設(shè)計,本文對其進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),主要是在計算適應(yīng)度的過程中增加了用于動態(tài)處理量子門級聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部量子糾纏現(xiàn)象的結(jié)構(gòu)變異算子。該算子使得隨機生成的量子門級聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)過其處理后,內(nèi)部不會發(fā)生量子糾纏現(xiàn)象,從而縮減了算法用于生成種群個體和評估個體適應(yīng)度的時間,提高了算法的效率。(4)參照常規(guī)電路中“或門”的邏輯功能,本文提出了一種新型可逆邏輯門——ZC門,且實驗中使用上述進(jìn)化設(shè)計算法獲得了該門的NCV實現(xiàn)方式。此外,利用該算法本文對一些常用可逆邏輯門進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計并得到了較好結(jié)果。通過對實驗結(jié)果的分析,本文得到了多種可逆邏輯門的一般異構(gòu)準(zhǔn)則。本文通過對量子可逆邏輯門進(jìn)化設(shè)計中重點問題的探索與研究,得到了可逆邏輯門的自動化設(shè)計與優(yōu)化方法,相信本文所做的研究及其成果可為多位量子可逆邏輯門的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)、大規(guī)�？赡孢壿嬰娐返脑O(shè)計與優(yōu)化等方面的研究提供參考和幫助。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale and density of integrated circuits, the width of wires inside the chip will soon reach atomic weight level, and the effects of quantum effect and information power consumption derived from irreversible logic operations are becoming more and more important. Quantum reversible logic circuit is a kind of logic operation circuit in reversible mode. It will not cause any loss of information and will not produce information power consumption, so it can break through the bottleneck of the development of integrated circuit from the source. At the same time, it is the logical expression of quantum computing, so it has very important research value and broad application prospect. Quantum reversible logic gate is the basic component of reversible logic circuit. On the basis of discussing in detail the structural characteristics, difficulties and research status of reversible logic gate, this paper refers to the idea of genetic algorithm and the design method of reversible logic gate. In this paper, the evolutionary design and optimization of quantum reversible logic gates are deeply studied. The specific research contents and results are as follows: (1) through the detailed analysis and study of NCV basic quantum gates, The important structural characteristics of the basic quantum gates and the cascade array model of reversible logic gate NCV implementation are obtained. Based on this model, an integer array coding scheme based on the quantum gate structure is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, any reversible logic gate can be coded by using symbol set {0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 3 / 4 / 5}, which avoids the problem that the scale of the required coding library increases exponentially with the increase of the number of inputs. In order to make the genetic algorithm more suitable for the evolutionary design of reversible logic gates, this paper improves the algorithm. In the process of calculating fitness, the structure mutation operator is added to deal with the quantum entanglement phenomenon in quantum gate cascade structure dynamically. The operator makes the randomly generated quantum gate cascade structure without quantum entanglement after its processing, thus reducing the time for the algorithm to generate population individuals and evaluate individual fitness. In this paper, a new reversible logic gate, ZC gate, is proposed, and the NCV implementation of the gate is obtained by using the above evolutionary design algorithm. In addition, the algorithm is used to optimize the design of some commonly used reversible logic gates and good results are obtained. Through the analysis of the experimental results, the general heterogeneity criteria of various reversible logic gates are obtained. In this paper, the automatic design and optimization methods of reversible logic gates are obtained by exploring and studying the key problems in the evolutionary design of quantum reversible logic gates. It is believed that the research done in this paper and its achievements can provide reference and help for the design and implementation of multi-bit quantum reversible logic gates and the design and optimization of large-scale reversible logic circuits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP18;TP331

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