本文選題：數(shù)字示波器 + 直接數(shù)字式頻率合成器　； 參考：《武漢工業(yè)學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：數(shù)字示波器是一種用于觀察、測量、分析、記錄各種動態(tài)信號并可以用圖形方式顯示的電子儀器。市面上所售的示波器往往價格昂貴，對此本文提出了一種低成本數(shù)字示波器的設(shè)計方案。 文中的內(nèi)容主要分為兩部分：數(shù)字示波器的硬件設(shè)計和軟件設(shè)計。硬件電路主要包括信號調(diào)理電路、AD采樣與FIFO緩沖存儲電路、DDS時鐘電路、TFT顯示器與功能按鍵電路。系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計是指對微控制器外圍電路中相關(guān)器件的控制與驅(qū)動，以及對采集到的波形數(shù)據(jù)的分析與處理。 本數(shù)字示波器以艾特梅爾公司的AVR單片機為控制核心，AVR是8位的RISC微控制器，它在指令和數(shù)據(jù)吞吐能力方面比傳統(tǒng)的CISC結(jié)構(gòu)要快很多倍。在數(shù)字示波器的信號調(diào)理電路中，使用了增益可變運算放大器和高精度DAC的結(jié)構(gòu)，即放大倍數(shù)由DAC的輸出電壓控制，而DAC的輸出電壓由AVR單片機的控制數(shù)據(jù)決定。這種結(jié)構(gòu)不僅可降低電路功耗而且可以用軟件對放大倍數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)整使得控制更加方便。在數(shù)字示波器的采樣電路中使用了BB公司的高速AD轉(zhuǎn)換器ADS830E，它的最高工作頻率可達(dá)60MHz，遠(yuǎn)高于AVR單片機的工作頻率，所以在AD之后加入了高速FIFO緩沖存儲器，讓其與高速AD同步工作。AD轉(zhuǎn)換器的采樣時鐘信號由DDS電路生成，DDS即直接數(shù)字式頻率合成器，其應(yīng)用簡單，無需外接元件，輸出頻率和相位都可通過軟件編程，易于調(diào)節(jié)。傳統(tǒng)示波器一般采用多級門電路對主時鐘振蕩器進(jìn)行分頻得到所需采樣時鐘，電路不僅結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜而且功耗大，兩相比較，DDS具有很大的優(yōu)勢。 經(jīng)過調(diào)試，數(shù)字示波器最終正常運行。系統(tǒng)帶寬達(dá)到1MHz，輸入信號范圍為5m V~160V。實現(xiàn)了采樣與波形顯示、測量頻率和峰值以及FFT頻譜分析等功能。
[Abstract]:A digital oscilloscope is an electronic instrument used to observe, measure, analyze, record and display various dynamic signals. The oscilloscopes sold on the market are often expensive. This paper presents a design for low cost digital oscilloscopes.
The contents of the paper are divided into two parts: the hardware design and the software design of the digital oscilloscope. The hardware circuit mainly includes the signal conditioning circuit, the AD sampling and the FIFO buffer storage circuit, the DDS clock circuit, the TFT display and the function key circuit. The system software is designed to control and drive the related devices in the peripheral circuits of the micro controller. And the analysis and processing of the collected waveform data.
The digital oscilloscope is controlled by et Mel's AVR microcontroller, and AVR is a 8 bit RISC microcontroller. It is much faster than the traditional CISC structure in instruction and data throughput. In the signal conditioning circuit of the digital oscilloscope, the gain variable operational amplifier and the high precision DAC structure are used. The output voltage of the DAC is controlled, and the output voltage of the DAC is determined by the control data of the AVR MCU. This structure can not only reduce the power consumption of the circuit, but also make the control more convenient by using the software to adjust the magnification. In the sampling circuit of the digital oscilloscope, the high speed AD converter ADS830E of the BB company is used, and the highest frequency of its working frequency is in the digital oscilloscope. The rate is up to 60MHz, far higher than the working frequency of AVR MCU, so the high-speed FIFO buffer memory is added after AD, so that the sampling clock signal of the.AD converter with high speed AD is generated by DDS circuit, DDS is the direct digital frequency synthesizer, its application is simple, no external connection element is needed, the output frequency and phase can be compiled by software. The traditional oscilloscope usually uses a multistage gate circuit to divide the main clock oscillator into the required sampling clock. The circuit is not only complicated but also has large power consumption. The DDS has a great advantage in two phase comparison.
After debugging, the digital oscilloscope runs normally. The bandwidth of the system reaches 1MHz. The input signal range is 5m V~160V., which realizes the functions of sampling and waveform display, measuring frequency and peak and FFT spectrum analysis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢工業(yè)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TM935.37;TP368.1

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