發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 21:21

  本文選題：STM32 + ENC28J60　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展與人類生活水平的提高,人們對(duì)居住環(huán)境、辦公環(huán)境的要求也越來越高。于是出現(xiàn)了智能樓宇、智慧地球、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等概念,這些系統(tǒng)借助科技的力量大大地改善了人類的生活環(huán)境,其中尤為值得探討的要屬智能樓宇。智能樓宇,也就是讓一棟傳統(tǒng)的建筑具有一種人性化、科技化的體現(xiàn),其核心是通過綜合布線技術(shù)將數(shù)字監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、報(bào)警系統(tǒng)、樓宇對(duì)講系統(tǒng)、門禁系統(tǒng)、會(huì)議系統(tǒng)等進(jìn)行有機(jī)綜合,集系統(tǒng)、結(jié)算、管理、服務(wù)及它們之間的最優(yōu)化組合,使建筑物具備了安全、便利、高效、節(jié)能等特點(diǎn)。中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn),豐富了智能樓宇概念、提升了樓宇的智能化,為樓宇溫度環(huán)境的調(diào)節(jié)起到了重要作用,同時(shí)為樓宇的節(jié)能降耗做出了一定貢獻(xiàn)。 中央空調(diào)在改善人們居住、辦公環(huán)境的同時(shí),也造成了不小的能耗。目前中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)使用中,還存在著一些問題,主要表現(xiàn)在控制系統(tǒng)基本以分散控制為主,未實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的大聯(lián)網(wǎng),無法智能管理,寫字樓、政府等辦公型建筑中下班時(shí)經(jīng)常有職員忘記關(guān)閉房間空調(diào)開關(guān),造成能源浪費(fèi)等。雖然有少數(shù)中央空調(diào)生產(chǎn)廠家進(jìn)行了部分網(wǎng)絡(luò)化控制的嘗試,但采用的通信多為RS485、I2C等,通信距離有限,能集中監(jiān)控的末端數(shù)目及控制功能也都有限,同時(shí)由于控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的產(chǎn)品多為51系列或其增強(qiáng)型的單片機(jī),也制約了其功能的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展。 隨著近幾年網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,人們對(duì)連接各種裝置到一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)如以太網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣,這種強(qiáng)烈的需求刺激產(chǎn)生了諸如uIP、LWIP等精簡(jiǎn)型TCP/IP協(xié)議棧,對(duì)于運(yùn)算處理能力及板載資源相對(duì)有限的八位及十六位低端處理器無疑是一個(gè)福音。其中uIP使用C語言編寫,使得協(xié)議棧的移植簡(jiǎn)單了很多,并且uIP協(xié)議棧的代碼大小及對(duì)RAM的需求都很小,這就使得性能不高的處理器擁有設(shè)備上網(wǎng)能力成為可能。隨著uIP的發(fā)展,其安全性、可靠性、實(shí)時(shí)性得到進(jìn)一步提高,使得我們將網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)成為可能。同時(shí),隨著單片機(jī)、ARM技術(shù)的發(fā)展,出現(xiàn)了大量功能齊全、速度高、功耗低、存儲(chǔ)容量大的控制器,諸如宏晶的STC系列增強(qiáng)型51單片機(jī)及意法半導(dǎo)體的STM32系列基于ARMv7Cortex-M3內(nèi)核的微控制器。因此,設(shè)計(jì)出成本低廉、功能齊全的中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)成為可能。 基于以上分析,本課題旨在研發(fā)具有遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控功能的中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng),使得系統(tǒng)大聯(lián)網(wǎng)在中央空調(diào)控制中得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。系統(tǒng)主要功能要完成：上位監(jiān)控軟件通過以太網(wǎng)與整個(gè)樓宇內(nèi)所有中央空調(diào)溫控器末端實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)互聯(lián),使得控制中心可以完成對(duì)樓宇內(nèi)的每個(gè)末端進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)與控制。通過將所有的設(shè)備末端最終接入以太網(wǎng),實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的集中監(jiān)控,提高空調(diào)機(jī)組的使用效率,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)備的集中管理,達(dá)到節(jié)能、高效的目的。 控制系統(tǒng)采用多級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)：上位機(jī),配有上位軟件,完成對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控、報(bào)表打印、收費(fèi)管理等,軟件采用Visual C++6.0編制,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)采用SQL Server2000;中間站,采用意法半導(dǎo)體STM32系列微控制器與網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制器ENC28J60,嵌入uIP協(xié)議棧,實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)備上網(wǎng)；中繼器,采用宏晶STC系列雙串口單片機(jī),兩路串口一路通過RS485與中間站通信,另一路接入末端網(wǎng)絡(luò)；溫控器,系中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)控制末端,采用宏晶STC系列單片機(jī),控制室內(nèi)的溫度,通過RS485與上層中繼器通信。 在概述現(xiàn)階段中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,文章著重闡述本控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案,介紹各控制部分及軟硬件結(jié)構(gòu),分章節(jié)闡述設(shè)計(jì)方法及思路,給出部分原理圖及核心控制程序。最后對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了總結(jié),指出了系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)有不足及改進(jìn)方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the improvement of the human living standard, people have more and more demands for the living environment and the office environment. So the concepts of intelligent buildings, intelligent earth, and the Internet of things have emerged. These systems have greatly improved the living environment of human beings with the help of science and technology, especially the intelligent building. The core of a traditional building is to integrate the digital monitoring system, the alarm system, the building intercom system, the entrance guard system, the conference system and so on through the integrated wiring technology, which integrates the system, settlement, management, service and the optimal combination between them to make the building available. The emergence of the central air conditioning system has enriched the concept of intelligent building, promoted the intellectualization of the building, played an important role in the adjustment of the building temperature and environment, and made some contribution to the energy saving and consumption of the building.
While the central air conditioning is improving people's living and office environment, it also causes a little energy consumption. At present, there are still some problems in the use of the central air conditioning system, which is mainly manifested in the decentralized control of the control system, the unrealized network of the whole system, the inability to manage, the office buildings, the government and other office buildings. People often forget to shut down the room air conditioning switch and cause waste of energy. Although a few central air conditioning manufacturers have tried some networked control, the communication is mostly RS485, I2C and so on, the communication distance is limited, the number of terminal and control work can be limited, and the products in the control network are also limited. Most of them are 51 series or their enhanced single chip computers, which also restrict the further expansion of their functions.
With the development of network technology in recent years, people have been interested in connecting various devices to an existing network, such as Ethernet. This intense demand stimulates the streamlined TCP/IP protocol stack such as uIP, LWIP and so on. There is no doubt that the computing processing capability and the limited eight bit and sixteen bit low-end processors are limited to the computing power and the board resource. One of the Gospels. In which uIP is written in the C language, the transplant of the protocol stack is much simpler, and the code size of the uIP protocol stack and the demand for the RAM are small, which makes it possible for a processor with poor performance to have the ability to access the Internet. With the development of uIP, the security, reliability, and real time of the processor are further improved, making me It is possible to apply the network technology to the central air conditioning control system. At the same time, with the development of MCU and ARM technology, a large number of controllers with complete functions, high speed, low power consumption and large storage capacity have been developed, such as macro crystal STC series enhanced 51 singlechip and STM32 series based on ARMv7Cortex-M3 kernel. Therefore, it is possible to design a low cost, fully functional central air conditioning control system.
Based on the above analysis, the purpose of this project is to develop a central air conditioning control system with remote monitoring and control function, which enables the system to be realized in the central air conditioning control. The main functions of the system should be completed: the upper monitoring software interconnects with the end of all central air conditioning thermostat at the end of the whole building. The heart can monitor and control each end of the inner space. Through the end of all the end of the equipment into the Ethernet, the centralized monitoring of the whole central air conditioning system can be realized, the efficiency of the air conditioning unit is improved, and the centralized management of the equipment can be realized, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy and high efficiency.
The control system uses multilevel network structure: upper computer, equipped with upper software, complete monitoring of the whole system, report printing, charge management and so on. The software is compiled with Visual C++6.0, the database system uses SQL Server2000, the intermediate station, the STM32 series micro controller and the network controller ENC28J60, embedded uIP protocol stack. Now the equipment is connected to the Internet; the repeater uses the macro crystal STC series double serial MCU, the two serial ports communicate with the intermediate station through RS485, the other access to the terminal network; the temperature controller, the central air conditioning system control end, the macro crystal STC Series MCU, control the temperature in the room, and communicate with the upper relay through the RS485.
On the basis of summarizing the central air conditioning control system at present, the article focuses on the design scheme of this control system, introduces the control parts and the structure of hardware and software, expounds the design methods and ideas in chapters, and gives some principles and core control programs. Finally, it summarizes the whole system and points out the shortcomings and improvement of the system. Direction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TP277;TP368.1

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本文編號(hào)：1880204