發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-11 13:28

  本文選題：ARINC653 + AADL��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年，嵌入式系統(tǒng)已廣泛應(yīng)用于航空，航天，汽車電子等性能關(guān)鍵實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域，此類系統(tǒng)對(duì)非功能屬性要求較高，包括：可靠性、可用性、實(shí)時(shí)性、響應(yīng)性、吞吐量和安全性。隨著硬件設(shè)備計(jì)算效率不斷提升，性能關(guān)鍵實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜度也隨之增加。業(yè)界提出了模型驅(qū)動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(Model Driven Architecture，MDA)方法，它簡(jiǎn)化了系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)，極大提高生產(chǎn)效率，降低軟件開(kāi)發(fā)成本，保證軟件質(zhì)量。 體系結(jié)構(gòu)分析設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言（ArchitectureAnalysis and Design Language，AADL）是一種基于MDA方法的建模語(yǔ)言，，現(xiàn)已廣泛運(yùn)用于航空電子系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域。航空電子系統(tǒng)具有高安全性、高可靠性及高實(shí)時(shí)性等特點(diǎn)，為滿足這些需求，ARINC組織在1997年發(fā)布了航空電子應(yīng)用軟件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口（AVIONICS APPLICATIONSOFTWARE STANDARD INTERFACE），簡(jiǎn)稱ARINC653。該規(guī)范定義了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的API和系統(tǒng)服務(wù),即APEX層,為應(yīng)用程序和操作系統(tǒng)提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口。它最核心的概念為分區(qū)（Partitioning），提出了時(shí)空分離的思想，有效地隔離了應(yīng)用，同時(shí)也給出了分區(qū)通信、健康監(jiān)控等重要概念。本文使用MDA方法對(duì)航空電子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究分析，但現(xiàn)有的AADL組件并不能模擬與ARINC653標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的核心概念：如分區(qū)、健康監(jiān)控等。因此，如何擴(kuò)展AADL的建模能力是本文討論的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。 本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究： （1）提取ARINC653標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的主要模塊，擴(kuò)展AADL的屬性集，設(shè)計(jì)AADL組件與ARINC653標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中各模塊屬性的映射關(guān)系，來(lái)對(duì)航空電子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模。在此基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)模型信息提取，對(duì)參數(shù)信息進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證并自動(dòng)生成正確完整的XML格式的配置文件，并將工具以插件的形式集成在OSATE平臺(tái)下。最后，通過(guò)實(shí)例來(lái)驗(yàn)證配置文件自動(dòng)生成工具是否完成以上功能。 （2）為了獲得能夠使系統(tǒng)達(dá)到最優(yōu)時(shí)間分配的系統(tǒng)配置，本文根據(jù)ARINC653航空電子系統(tǒng)中分區(qū)調(diào)度的特點(diǎn)，研究出了一種最優(yōu)的分區(qū)調(diào)度算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)系統(tǒng)分區(qū)集的調(diào)度分析以及分區(qū)下的任務(wù)的仿真工具。最后通過(guò)實(shí)例的驗(yàn)證，證明了最近調(diào)度時(shí)間優(yōu)先算法的最優(yōu)性，并順利生成正確的分區(qū)調(diào)度配置信息，從而幫助系統(tǒng)集成者解決了分區(qū)的調(diào)度配置問(wèn)題。 本文所實(shí)現(xiàn)的配置工具，不僅能夠?yàn)锳RINC653航空電子系統(tǒng)建模，同時(shí)能夠?qū)δＰ偷呐渲眯畔⑦M(jìn)行驗(yàn)證并自動(dòng)生成專用格式的系統(tǒng)配置文件，并對(duì)其分區(qū)集合的可調(diào)度性進(jìn)行判定。這能夠幫助系統(tǒng)集成者提早發(fā)現(xiàn)配置文件中的錯(cuò)誤，并協(xié)助系統(tǒng)集成者找出最優(yōu)的調(diào)度配置并生成配置文件，這大大提高了系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, embedded systems have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automotive electronics and other key real-time systems. Such systems require high non-functional attributes, including: reliability, availability, real-time, responsiveness, etc. Throughput and security. With the improvement of hardware computing efficiency, the complexity of performance critical real-time system increases. The model driven architecture (Model Driven Architecture) method is put forward in the industry. It simplifies the development of the system, greatly improves the production efficiency, reduces the cost of software development and ensures the software quality. Architecture Analysis and Design language (AADL) is a modeling language based on MDA method, which has been widely used in avionics systems. Avionics system has the characteristics of high security, high reliability and high real-time. In order to meet these requirements, ARINC organization issued the avionics application software standard interface in 1997, called AVIONICS APPLICATIONSOFTWARE STANDARD Internet document (ARINC653). The specification defines standard API and system services, the APEX layer, to provide standard interfaces for applications and operating systems. Its core concept is partitioning. The idea of space-time separation is put forward, which can effectively isolate applications. At the same time, it also gives some important concepts, such as partition communication, health monitoring and so on. In this paper, the MDA method is used to study and analyze avionics systems, but the existing AADL components can not simulate the core concepts of ARINC653 standards, such as partition, health monitoring and so on. Therefore, how to extend the modeling capability of AADL is one of the key points in this paper. This article mainly carries on the research from the following several aspects: 1) extract the main modules of ARINC653 standard, extend the attribute set of AADL, design the mapping relation between AADL component and each module attribute in ARINC653 standard, and model avionics system. On this basis, the system model information is extracted, the parameter information is verified and the correct and complete configuration file of XML format is generated automatically, and the tool is integrated into the OSATE platform in the form of plug-in. Finally, an example is used to verify whether the configuration file automatic generation tool completes the above functions. In order to obtain the system configuration that can make the system achieve the optimal time allocation, according to the characteristic of the partition scheduling in the ARINC653 avionics system, an optimal partition scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper. The scheduling analysis of the system partition set and the simulation tool of the task under the partition are realized. Finally, the optimality of the most recent scheduling time first algorithm is proved by an example, and the correct partition scheduling configuration information is generated successfully, which helps the system integrator to solve the partition scheduling problem. The configuration tool implemented in this paper can not only model the ARINC653 avionics system, but also verify the configuration information of the model, automatically generate the system configuration file with special format, and determine the schedulability of its partition collection. This can help the system integrator find errors in the configuration file early, and help the system integrator to find the optimal scheduling configuration and generate the configuration file, which greatly improves the system development efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1

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