基于Xenomai的嵌入式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)平臺的開發(fā)與研究
本文選題:數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 切入點(diǎn):嵌入式Linux 出處:《華南理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展提供了豐富的軟硬件資源。開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)中所有具有運(yùn)動控制功能可以完全在PC中通過軟件實(shí)現(xiàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)硬件功能軟件化。 針對開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)特點(diǎn),結(jié)合本實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究項(xiàng)目,本文開發(fā)出了開放式的嵌入式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)采用軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動控制的功能,增強(qiáng)了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、可靠性、易擴(kuò)展性和易維護(hù)性,使得數(shù)控系統(tǒng)只要進(jìn)行小范圍改動就能滿足不同應(yīng)用的需要,從而縮短了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)周期、降低了開發(fā)成本。充分利用了PC機(jī)不斷提高的計(jì)算速度、不斷擴(kuò)大的存儲量和性能不斷優(yōu)化的操作系統(tǒng)。 本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括: 在分析數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上,確定以開放性的嵌入式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)作為研究方向。設(shè)計(jì)出了嵌入式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu),按照軟硬件的角度劃分為軟件結(jié)構(gòu)和硬件結(jié)構(gòu)并分別進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),采用ARM開發(fā)板作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的硬件平臺,Linux作為操作系統(tǒng),使得軟硬件都有很高的穩(wěn)定性和可移植性。 針對嵌入式開發(fā)的特點(diǎn),在ARM平臺和Linux操作系統(tǒng)上搭建起了嵌入式開發(fā)環(huán)境,包括編譯環(huán)境、圖形基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境和圖形用戶界面環(huán)境的搭建,,并使用Tcl/Tk和GTK完成數(shù)控系統(tǒng)界面的設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)。 由于數(shù)控系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動控制部分對系統(tǒng)實(shí)時性要求比較高,在分析Linux實(shí)時性不足的基礎(chǔ)上,探討了Linux實(shí)時化方法,針對本文所研究平臺的特點(diǎn),采用Xenomai的實(shí)時化技術(shù)對Linux內(nèi)核進(jìn)行重新編譯和配置,搭建完成Xenomai/Linux雙內(nèi)核實(shí)時操作系統(tǒng)。 完成了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì),并將本文硬件平臺上完成的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和Intel平臺上的兩種不同處理器上的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了比較,測試了Xenomai/Linux雙內(nèi)核實(shí)時操作系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時性,并通過G代碼測試了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology, abundant software and hardware resources have been provided for the development of CNC system. All the motion control functions in open CNC system can be realized by software in PC, and the hardware function can be realized by software. According to the characteristics of the open CNC system and the research project of our laboratory, the open embedded NC system is developed in this paper. The system uses software to realize the function of motion control and enhances the stability of the NC system. The reliability, expansibility and maintainability of the NC system make it possible to meet the needs of different applications as long as the numerical control system is changed in a small range, thus shortening the development period of the CNC system. It reduces the cost of development, makes full use of the increasing computing speed of PC, the increasing storage capacity and the continuous optimization of performance of the operating system. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:. Based on the analysis of the present situation and development trend of CNC system, the open embedded CNC system is chosen as the research direction. The architecture of embedded CNC system is designed. It is divided into software structure and hardware structure according to the point of view of hardware and software. ARM development board is used as the hardware platform of CNC system as operating system, which makes both hardware and software have high stability and portability. According to the characteristics of embedded development, the embedded development environment is built on ARM platform and Linux operating system, including compiling environment, graphic basic environment and graphical user interface environment. And use Tcl/Tk and GTK to complete the design and development of NC system interface. Because the motion control part of NC system requires high real-time performance of the system, on the basis of analyzing the lack of real-time performance of Linux, this paper discusses the method of Linux realtime, aiming at the characteristics of the platform studied in this paper. The Linux kernel is recompiled and configured by the real-time technology of Xenomai, and the Xenomai/Linux dual kernel real-time operating system is built. The whole design of the NC system is completed, and the real-time performance of the Xenomai/Linux dual-kernel real-time operating system is tested by comparing the NC system completed on the hardware platform of this paper with that on two different processors on the Intel platform. The performance of NC system is tested by G code.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:TP368.1
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