本文選題：激光預(yù)處理　切入點(diǎn)：ARM微處理器　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在高功率激光器驅(qū)動(dòng)的大型光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中,大口徑光學(xué)元件的抗損傷能力對(duì)高通量激光的輸出有重要影響。激光預(yù)處理技術(shù)是一種能提升光學(xué)元件抗損傷能力的手段,并且它能夠修復(fù)光學(xué)元件加工過程的殘留缺陷和上架運(yùn)行后的新增缺陷。 在傳統(tǒng)的完全基于PC的激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)控制方案中,系統(tǒng)的主要設(shè)備都是通過PC統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)控制,這樣會(huì)對(duì)PC造成很大負(fù)擔(dān),從而造成激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)精度和穩(wěn)定性的下降。為了解決這個(gè)問題,本文從激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)的工作流程和設(shè)備布局入手,詳細(xì)分析了激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)前端控制部分需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能,經(jīng)過與傳統(tǒng)的完全基于PC的控制方案的比較,提出一種基于ARM微處理器和Linux操作系統(tǒng)的輔助控制結(jié)構(gòu),這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以減輕PC的負(fù)擔(dān),快速響應(yīng)中斷,從而有效提高激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)的精度和穩(wěn)定性。 ARM前端控制系統(tǒng)主要從硬件和軟件兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。硬件部分設(shè)計(jì)主要包括以下四個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容： (1)建立ARM周邊運(yùn)行環(huán)境,主要涉及DDR2SDRAM、NAND FLASH、SD card、以太網(wǎng)、USB、串口、LCD顯示以及電源管理等多項(xiàng)內(nèi)容； (2)設(shè)計(jì)二維移動(dòng)平臺(tái)模塊,這一模塊是ARM前端控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵,主要包括對(duì)伺服電機(jī)的控制以及對(duì)光柵尺反饋信息的讀�。� (3)實(shí)現(xiàn)在線監(jiān)測(cè),這一模塊主要負(fù)責(zé)讀取并顯示CMOS相機(jī)采集到的圖像數(shù)據(jù)； (4)基于獨(dú)立CAN總線控制器MCP2515實(shí)現(xiàn)CAN現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線接口的擴(kuò)展,MCP2515通過SPI接口實(shí)現(xiàn)與ARM微處理器的通信。 ARM前端控制系統(tǒng)的軟件部分設(shè)計(jì)主要包括Linux系統(tǒng)移植、關(guān)鍵模塊驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)以及Linux應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)等三個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容： (1) Linux系統(tǒng)移植主要涉及啟動(dòng)代碼U-Boot移植、Linux系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核移植以及Linux根文件系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建； (2)關(guān)鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊設(shè)計(jì)重點(diǎn)介紹了二維移動(dòng)平臺(tái)部分的伺服電機(jī)和光柵尺驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的開發(fā)； (3) Linux應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)部分主要介紹了基于Qtopia的應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)流程。 掘我們所知,國(guó)內(nèi)目前還沒有采用ARM微控制器來實(shí)現(xiàn)激光預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)前端控制的先例,而且基于ARM控制的二維移動(dòng)平臺(tái)、在線監(jiān)測(cè)以及CAN總線擴(kuò)展等技術(shù),在嵌入式技術(shù)應(yīng)用方面有很強(qiáng)的擴(kuò)展性,可以很方便的移植到其它的項(xiàng)目研究。
[Abstract]:In large optical systems driven by high power lasers, the anti-damage ability of large-aperture optical elements has an important effect on the output of high-throughput lasers. Laser pretreatment is a means to improve the anti-damage ability of optical elements. And it can repair the residual defects of optical components and the new defects after running on the shelves. In the traditional control scheme of laser preprocessing system based on PC, the main equipment of the system is unified and coordinated control through PC, which will create a great burden on PC. In order to solve this problem, the work flow and equipment layout of the laser preprocessing system are discussed in this paper. The functions of the front-end control part of the laser preprocessing system are analyzed in detail. After comparing with the traditional PC-based control scheme, an auxiliary control structure based on ARM microprocessor and Linux operating system is proposed. This structure can lighten the burden of PC and respond to the interruption quickly, thus improving the precision and stability of laser preprocessing system. The ARM front-end control system is mainly designed from two aspects: hardware and software. The hardware design includes the following four parts:. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) setting up the surrounding running environment of ARM, mainly involving DDR2 SDRAMN NAND flash flash SD card, Ethernet USB, serial port LCD display and power management, etc. This module is the key of ARM front-end control system, including the control of servo motor and the reading of feedback information of grating ruler. This module is mainly responsible for reading and displaying image data collected by CMOS camera. The extension of CAN fieldbus interface based on independent CAN bus controller (MCP2515) MCP2515 communicates with ARM microprocessor through SPI interface. The software design of ARM front-end control system mainly includes three parts: transplantation of Linux system, key module driver design and Linux application program design. 1) Linux system transplantation mainly involves the boot code U-Boot transplantation and the construction of Linux root file system. The design of the key driving module focuses on the development of the servo motor and the grating ruler driver of the two-dimensional mobile platform. In the part of Linux application program design, the development flow of application program based on Qtopia is introduced. As far as we know, there is no precedent of using ARM microcontroller to realize the front-end control of laser preprocessing system in our country, and the technologies such as two-dimensional mobile platform based on ARM control, on-line monitoring and CAN bus extension, etc. In the embedded technology application has the very strong extensibility, may very conveniently transplant to other project research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1;TN249

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