本文關鍵詞：高性能便攜式激光掃描儀的研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 三維重建 相機標定 光條中心提取 點云匹配 三維坐標變換

【摘要】：隨著三維激光掃描儀技術的不斷發(fā)展，三維激光掃描儀在文物保護、3D打印、3D游戲、醫(yī)學成像、逆向工程等領域得到了廣泛的應用。當前，三維重建技術仍然是計算機視覺領域的研究熱點。 針對市場上現有的三維激光掃描儀體積大不便于攜帶、價格高等問題，從提高掃描儀精度和效率的角度出發(fā)，設計并完成了兩套便攜式三維激光掃描儀系統(tǒng)。一套是轉臺式三維激光掃描儀，另一套是手持式三維激光掃描儀。本文完成的這兩套系統(tǒng)是基于主動測量的三角測量原理的，通過深入分析研究三維激光掃描儀系統(tǒng)實現的關鍵技術包括：攝像機標定、激光光條中心提取、三維點坐標變換、三維點云匹配，實現了實時在線重建物體的三維模型。 本文提出了一種全新的三維點坐標變換模型用于解決轉臺式掃描儀中點云變換問題。轉臺式3D激光掃描儀中引入了轉臺，物體會在轉臺上圍繞轉軸做旋轉運動，，本文提出的方案中將物體的旋轉運動等效為物體靜止而相機圍繞物體做旋轉運動，通過轉臺的標定參數可以一次性完成整個變換模型的建立，提高了掃描儀的效率。 實驗結果表明本文提出的兩套掃描儀系統(tǒng)具有較好的掃描效果，并且操作方便、便于攜帶、成本低廉，實現了實時在線重建出物體的三維模型。
[Abstract]:With the development of 3D laser scanner technology, 3D laser scanner has been widely used in the field of 3D printing game, medical imaging, reverse engineering and so on. 3D reconstruction is still a hot topic in the field of computer vision. Aiming at the problems of large volume and high price of 3D laser scanner in the market, the paper starts from the point of view of improving the accuracy and efficiency of scanner. Two sets of portable 3D laser scanner system are designed and completed. The other is the hand-held 3D laser scanner. The two systems are based on the principle of active measurement of triangulation. The key technologies of 3D laser scanner system are: camera calibration, laser beam center extraction, 3D point coordinate transformation, 3D point cloud matching. The 3D model of real-time on-line reconstruction is realized. In this paper, a new 3D point coordinate transformation model is proposed to solve the problem of point cloud transformation in the turntable scanner, which is introduced into the rotary table 3D laser scanner. The object rotates around the rotating axis on the turntable. In this paper, the rotating motion of the object is equivalent to the static motion of the object and the camera rotates around the object. The whole transformation model can be built by calibrating parameters of turntable, and the efficiency of scanner can be improved. The experimental results show that the two scanners presented in this paper have good scanning effect, and are easy to operate, easy to carry and low in cost. The 3D model of the object can be reconstructed online in real time.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP334.22

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