【摘要】：簡(jiǎn)要介紹當(dāng)前超聲波技術(shù)在機(jī)械加工領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展和用途,著重探討了超聲波滾壓技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程,提出了當(dāng)前在超聲波輔助滾壓加工中存在的些許問(wèn)題,對(duì)接下來(lái)的研究提供了一定的基礎(chǔ)。通過(guò)材料力學(xué)、理論力學(xué)和接觸力學(xué)的理論,借助赫茲彈塑性接觸理論的研究成果,結(jié)合超聲波輔助滾壓的工作機(jī)理,對(duì)超聲波輔助滾壓系統(tǒng)做了簡(jiǎn)單的解析。探討了作為球體的滾壓工具頭與看作是平面的被加工工件在發(fā)生彈性變形、塑性變形和兩者混雜情況下的接觸面積。嘗試通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)的方式來(lái)解析加工過(guò)程中彈性變形到塑性變形的轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程。重點(diǎn)介紹超聲波輔助滾壓加工的試驗(yàn)設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)。將整個(gè)超聲波輔助滾壓加工系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)操作步驟連同需要配合的設(shè)備和材料做了詳細(xì)的介紹。提出為了要驗(yàn)證超聲波輔助滾壓加工的優(yōu)越性,應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)比超聲波滾壓和普通滾壓對(duì)被加工工件的屬性改良。通過(guò)對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)給量、機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)速、預(yù)緊作用力和超聲波的振幅四個(gè)不同的加工參數(shù)對(duì)最終的工藝效果的影響提供了較為豐富的第一手信息。重點(diǎn)介紹在機(jī)械加工中常常遭遇到的各種振動(dòng)形式,并對(duì)自激振動(dòng)即顫振的特點(diǎn)做了特別說(shuō)明。研究了超聲波輔助滾壓加工過(guò)程中顫振的發(fā)生和發(fā)展的過(guò)程,從振動(dòng)能量輸入的角度分析了工藝系統(tǒng)發(fā)生再生型顫振的原因,建立了工藝系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)模型并得到了解析解。在理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究基礎(chǔ)上,闡明了抑制顫振的方法和途徑,為超聲輔助滾壓系統(tǒng)的表面加工質(zhì)量和工藝水平優(yōu)化提供可靠指導(dǎo)。最后通過(guò)目前較為常用的有限元模擬技術(shù)對(duì)超聲波輔助滾壓加工的受力狀態(tài)及應(yīng)力區(qū)域做了簡(jiǎn)單的模擬,通過(guò)有限元云圖直觀的表述超聲波輔助滾壓加工中的應(yīng)力狀態(tài),為以后對(duì)超聲波輔助滾壓加工裝置的改良提供思路。
[Abstract]:This paper briefly introduces the development and application of ultrasonic technology in the field of mechanical processing, emphatically discusses the development course of ultrasonic rolling technology, and puts forward some problems existing in ultrasonic assisted rolling machining. It provides a basis for the following research. Through the theories of material mechanics, theoretical mechanics and contact mechanics, with the help of the research results of Hertz's elastic-plastic contact theory and the working mechanism of ultrasonic assisted rolling, the ultrasonic assisted rolling system is simply analyzed. This paper discusses the contact area between the rolling tool head as a ball and the workpiece which is regarded as a plane under the condition of elastic deformation plastic deformation and the mixing of the two. This paper attempts to analyze the transformation from elastic deformation to plastic deformation in the process of machining by means of mathematics. The structure of test equipment for ultrasonic assisted rolling machining is introduced emphatically. The operation steps of the whole ultrasonic assisted rolling processing system are introduced in detail along with the equipment and materials needed to be matched. In order to verify the superiority of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining, it is suggested that the properties of workpiece processed by ultrasonic rolling and ordinary rolling should be improved. The effects of four different machining parameters, such as feed, rotational speed, pretension force and amplitude of ultrasonic wave, on the final process effect are provided. This paper mainly introduces various kinds of vibration forms which are often encountered in machining, and gives a special explanation of the characteristics of self-excited vibration, that is, flutter. The occurrence and development of flutter in ultrasonic assisted rolling machining are studied. The causes of regenerative flutter in process system are analyzed from the point of view of vibration energy input. The vibration model of process system is established and the analytical solution is obtained. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the methods and approaches of flutter suppression are expounded, which provide reliable guidance for the optimization of surface machining quality and technological level of ultrasonic assisted rolling system. Finally, the stress state and stress region of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining are simulated simply by the finite element simulation technology, and the stress state of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining is described intuitively by finite element cloud diagram. It provides ideas for the improvement of ultrasonic assisted rolling processing device in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG663;TG306

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